RU2436602C2 - Method of inhalation and device for implementation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, and can be used if application of inert gases required. Fir this purpose, a method of gas mix inhalation is offered. The procedure is performed "on an empty stomach" with underlying patient's total blood cholesterol ≤5 mmol/l. Warm water is preliminary taken. The patient is placed in a dorsal position with a lowered head end. It is followed by intensive lung air ventilation with maximally deep air exhalation in the environment and breath holding at exhalation peak. After that the patient breathes with a gas mixture of xenone and oxygen supply from a closed loop apparatus to the oxygen content in the mixture not less than 20 % and until observing gas effect symptoms. Also, the inhalation device using the gas mixture of xenone and oxygen also is offered The device contains a closed breathing circuit which involves a gas distribution unit connected through an inhalation/exhalation main with a patient's breathing mask, and also connected to a gas analyser. Xenone and oxygen sensors are integrated in the gas distribution unit. Also, the device comprises a breathing tank placed on the inhalation/exhalation main between the mask and the gas distribution unit, a CO₂ absorber, a gas supply unit and a recovery unit.

EFFECT: group of inventions allows reducing xenone consumption ensured by faster onset of the blood saturation symptoms owing to the patient's preparation providing decreased hematocrit level and intensified blood flow to brain.

5 tbl, 3 dwg, 4 ex, 11 cl

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to medicine and can be used in narcology, psychiatry, neurology, pulmonology, therapy, in the treatment of occupational diseases, preventive medicine, in the rehabilitation and restoration of the body after an illness, and also after stressful mental and physical stress.

The use of inert gases in medicine is currently becoming more widespread. It is well known to use oxygen-helium mixtures by inhalation to treat lung diseases, warming the body during hypothermia [2], oxygen-xenon mixtures for the treatment of drug addiction [1, 3], adaptogenic disorders [4].

At the same time, the main obstacle to the widespread adoption of noble gases in medical practice is the use of expensive equipment, the high cost of inert gases, especially xenon, which makes the inhalation procedure for treatment inaccessible to most of the population.

State of the art

A known method of autoanalgesia by xenon-oxygen mixture, according to which the patient is invited to inhale the xenon-oxygen mixture in a ratio of xenon and oxygen in vol.% From 30-70 to 50-50 to stop the pain (RU patent No. 2271815, publ. March 20, 2006 )

This method does not provide for the preliminary preparation of the patient for the inhalation procedure. Experience shows that the use of a xenon-oxygen mixture in the ratio (50:50) in unprepared patients causes signs of a clinical effect on average 3-4 minutes after the start of the procedure.

In addition, in the device used to implement this method, the breathing circuit is limited to 3 liters, and the absence of an additional outlet to increase the capacity to 5-6 liters leads to a greater consumption of xenon due to the additional supply of the mixture from the cylinder and dumping its excess from the circuit into atmosphere during the procedure.

The absence of a gas analyzer in a device that monitors the content and oxygen consumption in the gas mixture can lead to patient hypoxia, especially if the patient is unconscious.

The device does not provide for other gas sources (for example, strippers, mini-cylinders), there is no possibility of mixing therapeutic gases in the required proportions.

In addition, there is no possibility of collecting spent xenon, which eliminates the use of recycling technology.

There is a method of increasing efficiency by inhalation of a xenon-oxygen gas mixture in a weight ratio of (5-50) :( 95-50) to a state of euphoria with a gas mixture consumption of not more than 0.1 l per 1 kg of body weight (RU Patent No. 2235563, publ. 10.09.2004).

In this method of increasing the working capacity of athletes and individuals, due to their professional activities exposed to stressful loads, methods of preparation for the inhalation procedure are not used. The main metabolic conditions are not taken into account, as well as breathing characteristics that contribute to more complete ventilation of the lungs before the treatment mixture is supplied; there is no control over the flow rate and composition of the respiratory gas mixture, especially with respect to oxygen, which can lead to undesirable consequences. In addition, there is a large consumption of the mixture, since breathing occurs along a half-open circuit. There is a gas effect on the doctor, there is no possibility of collecting xenon for regeneration. Failure to take all this into account leads to a greater consumption of xenon during the inhalation procedure and a decrease in the therapeutic effect.

A known method of inhalation used in the treatment of drug addiction, including the relief of withdrawal symptoms by anesthesia by inhalation of a mixture of oxygen with an inert gas xenon at a ratio of (50-50) :( 30-70) with the simultaneous use of drugs (patent RU No. 2165270, publ. 20.04 .2001). The method used the apparatus of Polynarcon-2P.

The disadvantage of this method is the high consumption of xenon, due to the supply of a gas mixture of xenon and oxygen in a large flow of 10-15 liters per procedure, which are mixed in the right proportions when gas is supplied through rotameters to the inhalation device, there is no preliminary preparation of the patient for the procedure.

A device for inhalation anesthesia with a gas mixture of xenon and oxygen (patent RU No. 2183476, publ. 06/20/2002). The device comprises a gas supply unit with sources of compressed gases, a breathing circuit including a gas analyzer, a patient’s breathing mask, an inspiratory line, an exhalation line, disinfecting elements installed on the inspiratory line and on the exhalation line, a CO ₂ and H ₂ O absorber.

The disadvantages of the device include the possible loss of xenon due to the complexity of the design. In addition, it is equipped with rotameters, a cryopump, a chromatograph, which requires special maintenance, makes the device expensive, bulky, this does not allow it to be used in the field, clinics, ambulances.

The closest analogue adopted for the prototype in relation to the method is the method of inhalation (RU No. 2317112, publ. 02.28.2008), including intensive ventilation of the lungs with air, followed by the deepest possible expiration of air into the environment and breath holding at an exhalation height, after which breathing a gas mixture of xenon with oxygen from a closed breathing circuit until the oxygen content in the mixture is at least 20% and the onset of signs of gas exposure, when the conditions for breathing with a fasting gas mixture on no total cholesterol content in the blood of the patient ≤5 mmol / l.

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of adequate preparation of the patient for the xenon therapy procedure, namely a preliminary assessment of the state of such blood parameters as cholesterol, blood hematocrit. In this method do not carry out procedures that correct these indicators in order to optimize them, which allows to reduce xenon consumption. Also, the method does not take into account the position of the patient during the procedure, the pharmacological support of this type of treatment, which also affects its effectiveness.

The closest analogue adopted for the prototype in terms of the device is an inhalation device (RU patent for utility model No. 59415, published on December 27, 2006) containing a gas supply unit connected to compressed gas sources, a capture unit, a closed breathing circuit, connected with a gas supply unit and comprising a patient’s breathing mask, an inhalation / expiration line, a gas analyzer with sensors, a CO ₂ absorber, and at least one respiratory capacity.

The disadvantages of the device include a large internal volume of the respiratory chamber, which leads to a large gas flow rate, increased breathing resistance, and the presence of sterilization elements increases the bulkiness of the device, the location of the backup bags on the side opposite to the respiratory circuit, leads to increased breathing resistance.

Disclosure of invention

The task to which this group of inventions is directed is to reduce xenon consumption, increase the efficiency of the inhalation procedure in the treatment of various diseases, reduce the time of the inhalation procedure, simplify the inhalation device.

To solve the problem in the method of inhalation, in which intensive ventilation of the lungs with air is carried out, followed by the deepest possible exhalation of air into the environment and breath holding at an exhalation height, then breathing gas mixture of xenon with oxygen from the apparatus of a closed circuit until the oxygen content in the mixture is less than 20% and the onset of signs of exposure to gas, when the conditions for breathing with a fasting gas mixture against a background of total cholesterol in the patient’s blood ≤5 m are met mol / l, according to the invention, preliminarily, warm water is taken inside, while during the inhalation procedure the patient is lying on his back with his head down.

Reception of warm water inside is carried out in an amount of preferably 200-400 ml.

The temperature of warm water is preferably 30-40 ° C.

The patient is lying supine with his head down, preferably 5-10 °.

The method is carried out against the background of pharmacotherapy with drugs that affect the level of cholesterol and blood flow in the brain, which are used, for example, nicotinic acid.

In terms of the device, the task is solved as follows.

A device for inhalation with a gas mixture of xenon with oxygen, comprising a gas supply unit connected to sources of compressed gas, a capture unit, a closed breathing circuit connected to a gas supply unit and including a patient’s breathing mask, inhalation / expiration line, gas analyzer with sensors, CO ₂ absorber , and at least one respiratory capacity, according to the invention contains a gas distribution unit connected to the patient's respiratory mask through the inspiration / expiration line and with a gas analyzer, the sensors of which placed inside the gas distribution block, while the gas distribution block is made in the form of a monolith with channels machined in it for distributing the gas mixture and supplying it to the inhalation / exhalation line, to the gas analyzer sensors and to the recovery unit, and the respiratory capacity is installed on the inhalation / exhalation line between the mask and gas distribution unit.

The inspiratory / expiratory line is made in the form of two respiratory lines equipped with inspiratory and expiratory valves.

The gas distribution unit is equipped with flaps for opening and closing the breathing circuit.

The internal volume of the gas distribution unit is preferably 20-200 ml.

The gas distribution unit is made in the form of a monolith, preferably in the form of a parallelepiped.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device for inhalation.

Figure 2 - gas distribution unit, General view.

Figure 3 - gas distribution block, a section aa in figure 2

The inhalation device contains a closed breathing circuit, which includes a gas distribution unit 1 connected via an inspiratory / expiration line 2, 3 to a patient’s breathing mask 4, and also connected to a gas analyzer 5, the xenon 6 and oxygen sensors 7 of which are installed inside the gas distribution unit 1, mounted on inspiration / expiration lines 2, 3, respiratory capacity in the form of a breathing bag 8, absorber 9 CO ₂ , for example a column with sorbents, namely soda lime. The inhalation device also contains a gas supply unit 10 and a capture unit 11. The main volume of the closed respiratory circuit includes an inspiratory / expiration line 2, 3 with a patient’s breathing mask 4, a breathing bag 8, and an absorber 9 СО ₂ . The main volume of the closed respiratory circuit can be from 1.5 liters to 7 liters. The gas distribution unit 1 is connected to a gas supply unit 10, which has, for example, three channels: for supplying the finished mixture 12, for supplying oxygen 13, for supplying xenon 14. Five channels for supplying the gas mixture from the mini-balloon 15, from the stripper, are possible 16 with the possibility of supplying both the finished gas mixture and individual gases from sources of compressed gases to the gas distribution unit 1. Each channel is equipped with a valve (not shown in the drawing) that opens during gas supply from the sources of compressed gas, which can be used Sources 12-16 are used. The body of the gas distribution unit 1 is made in the form of a monolith, for example, in the form of a parallelepiped with, for example, grooved inside channels for distributing the gas mixture coming from the gas supply unit 10 and supplying it to the inspiration / expiration line 2, 3, to the sensors 6, 7 of the gas analyzer 5 and to the capture unit 11.

The gas distribution unit 1 performs the function of the docking unit of the gas supply unit, gas analyzer sensors, xenon capture unit with the main volume of the respiratory circuit. The internal volume (channel volume) of the gas distribution unit is preferably from 20 to 200 ml. The gas distribution unit is minimally involved in the breathing process (due to the small volume) and is equipped with a relief valve 17. The relief valve is a safety feature to prevent overpressure in the apparatus circuit. In the event of hypoxia and hypercapnia conditions, a gas mixture is added to the breathing circuit, the valve automatically discharges excess gas, decreases expiratory resistance, and thereby prevents lung barotrauma. The absorber 9 CO ₂ and respiratory capacity 8 are installed on the inspiration / expiration line 2, 3, while the absorber 9 CO _{2 is} installed at the outlet of the gas distribution unit 1 and connected to the respiratory capacity 8, made, for example, in the form of a breathing bag, preferably latex, volume from 1 to 5 liters.

The inhalation device contains a disinfecting element 18, which can be made in the form of a bacterial-viral filter installed between the mask 4 and respiratory capacity 8 on the inspiration / expiration line 2, 3.

The inspiratory / expiratory breathing line 2, 3 is made in the form of breathing tubes equipped with inspiratory and expiratory valves 19, 20 installed between the disinfecting element 18 and the respiratory bag 8. At the exit from the gas distribution unit 1, the damper 21 is installed on the inspiratory / expiratory tract 2, 3 , 22 to open and close the inspiration / expiration line 2, 3.

The desorber 16 can be equipped with a heating system — a chemical or electric heater (not shown in the drawing), which can operate both in stand-alone and in stationary modes. The stripper 16 with a heating element is connected to the gas supply unit 10. A variant is possible when the stripper 16 is placed in the heating element or the heating element is mounted in the bottom of the stripper.

Strippers 16 contain only xenon. When the stripper is heated, gas from it passes through the channel of the gas supply unit 10 to the gas distribution unit 1. At the same time, an additional effect of the heating device is achieved — inhalation of warm (hot) gases.

The capacity of the channels of the gas distribution unit 1 is from 20 to 200 ml. The possibility of using respiratory containers of 8 different sizes allows you to use this inhalation device for both children and adults with different lung capacities, which in adults can range from 2.5 liters to 7-8 liters (an athlete has a lung capacity of 7 liters, normal people - 4 liters, children - 1 liter or less, elderly patients - less than three liters, tidal volume is reduced in the absence of one lung and pneumonia).

This is the main function of breathing bags. They also allow you to visually observe the degree of filling of the respiratory circuit with gas, the frequency and depth of breathing.

During inhalation, carbon dioxide-free gas enters the breathing bag 8 and is then inhaled by the patient through the inhalation line 2. At the same time, the inhalation valve 19 is open and the exhalation valve 20 is closed, when exhaling, the valve 20, located on the exhalation line 3, opens, and on inspiratory line 2, valve 19 is closed. The valves 19, 20 are a standard option and can be performed, for example, in the form of flap valves.

The inhalation device is not seeded with microorganisms, thanks to the use of a bacterial-viral filter 18, and the gas distribution unit 1 is sterilized using standard sterilization methods (boiling, autoclaving, treatment with disinfectant solutions, etc.).

The respiratory mask 4 through the inhalation / exhalation line 2, 3 through the bacterial-viral filter 18, valves 19, 20, shutters 21, 22 are connected to the gas distribution unit 1.

The dampers 21, 22 for opening and closing the breathing circuit are located at the outlet of the gas distribution unit 1 and perform two functions - firstly, they prevent the loss of the gas mixture from the gas distribution unit 1 during depressurization of the respiratory circuit, the second function of the dampers is that they open after the procedure and create the opportunity collecting the spent mixture from the breathing bag 8 and other components of the breathing circuit into the xenon trapping unit 11 (BUC).

The gas analyzer 5 allows you to control the content of oxygen and xenon in the gas mixture in the embodiment of the gas mixture in the gas distribution unit 1. And the gas analyzer allows you to control the consumption of oxygen and xenon during the inhalation procedure. The gas analyzer sensors 6, 7 are located directly inside the gas distribution unit 1 in the grooved channels, and not in the gas flow of the inhalation / exhalation line, which provides less breathing resistance and makes the main external gas breathing circuit shorter.

An embodiment of the invention

The method is as follows.

The device is preparing for the procedure.

Sources with gases 12-16 necessary for the procedure are connected to the gas distribution unit 1 through the gas supply unit 10. The gas distribution unit 1 and the breathing tank 8 are filled with a gas mixture with open shutters 21, 22 and a closed inspiratory valve 19 under the control of the gas composition of the mixture with a gas analyzer 5.

In the case of using cylinders separately with oxygen 13 and separately with xenon 14, the respiratory circuit is pre-filled with the closed inspiratory valve 19 first with oxygen, then xenon under the control of the gas analyzer 5 to the content of xenon: oxygen (70-10) :( 30-90) vol.% . After filling the gas distribution unit 1 and the breathing circuit with a gas mixture, close the valve of the gas supply unit 10.

The inhalation procedure is carried out on an empty stomach. When the total cholesterol content in the patient’s blood serum is more than 5.0 mmol / L, inhalation is carried out for 7-10 days with pharmacological drugs that reduce its level, for example, nicotinic acid or others. The patient is prescribed a low lipid diet.

For 15-45 minutes before inhalation, the patient takes 200-400 ml of warm water t = 30-40 ° C. The patient is given a horizontal position or a horizontal position with the head end lowered by 5-10 °.

Immediately before inhalation with a xenon-oxygen mixture, the patient self-hyperventilates the lungs for preferably 1 min by deep inhalation / exhalation, after which he exhales deeply into the atmosphere. Then it holds the breath, while holding the breath, the patient is connected to the device (an anesthetic respiratory mask 4 is put on). Then, the inspiratory valve 19 immediately opens and the therapeutic gas mixture is supplied through the inspiratory / expiratory line 2, 3.

The patient carries out independent breathing under the supervision of a physician. The doctor monitors the patient’s condition and when objective and subjective signs (nystagmus of the eyeballs (twitching), dizziness, paresthesia - a feeling of goosebumps, tingling, euphoria - a feeling of intoxication, redness of the skin of the face) occur, indicating a therapeutic gas mixture and a decrease oxygen content up to 20-23%, which is confirmed by the readings of the gas analyzer, stops the treatment procedure.

After the procedure, close the inspiratory valve 19, remove the mask 4, turn off the sources of the gas mixture 12-16. The spent mixture from the apparatus is sent to the xenon recovery unit 11 for further processing (purification) and reuse of xenon.

Example 1

Patient K., 38 years old. Complaints of weakness, fatigue, decreased performance, lack of appetite, pain in the epigastric region. When examining a patient, pathology was not detected. Laboratory and instrumental studies: FGDS - the phenomenon of superficial gastritis; indicators of the autonomic nervous system - Kerdo index +8, Ashner test +1; hemogram - segmented neutrophils 69%, stab neutrophils 7%, eosinophils 2%, monocytes 3%, lymphocytes 19%, the total number of leukocytes 4,5 · 10 ⁹ / l; hematocrit 49%; total cholesterol - 5.3 mmol / l.

Diagnosis: chronic fatigue syndrome, chronic stress. Appointed therapy by inhalation using a gas mixture of xenon and oxygen in a ratio of 50:50 5 inhalations every other day.

The first treatment session: the procedure was carried out 3 hours after a meal. Before treatment, the patient did not take warm water, was in a horizontal position with his head raised by 5-10 degrees, drug therapy was not carried out.

Immediately before inhalation with a xenon-oxygen mixture, the patient independently carried out hyperventilation of the lungs for 1 min by deep inhalation / exhalation, after which he exhaled deeply into the atmosphere. He held his breath and at that time connected to the device through an anesthetic respiratory mask.

Further, the patient carried out independent breathing under the supervision of a physician.

Objective and subjective signs of the action of gas (nystagmus of the eyeballs, dizziness, paresthesia - a feeling of goosebumps, tingling, euphoria - a feeling of intoxication, redness of the skin of the face) appeared 180 seconds after the start of the procedure, by this time the oxygen content in the circuit had decreased to 20% . The procedure is terminated. The patient was conscious, dizziness, nystagmus, euphoria passed within 3 minutes.

Second session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach, 12 hours after a meal. Before treatment, the patient did not take warm water, was in a horizontal position with his head raised by 5-10 degrees, drug therapy was not carried out.

The beginning of inhalation (see the description of the 1st session). Objective and subjective signs of gas action appeared 105 seconds after the start of the procedure, by the same time, the oxygen content in the circuit had decreased to 21%. The procedure is terminated. The patient was conscious, dizziness, nystagmus, euphoria passed within 3 minutes.

Third session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach, 12 hours after a meal. The patient took 200 ml of warm water (40 ° C) 30 minutes before the procedure, was in a horizontal position with his head raised by 5-10 °, drug therapy was not carried out. Hematocrit after water intake 46%.

During the procedure, pronounced signs of gas exposure appeared 75 seconds after the start of the procedure, by this time the oxygen content in the circuit had decreased to 28%. The procedure is terminated. The patient was conscious, dizziness, nystagmus, euphoria passed within 3 minutes.

Fourth session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach, 12 hours after a meal. The patient took 200 ml of warm water (40 ° C) 30 minutes before the procedure, was in a horizontal position, his head was not raised, therapy with pharmaceuticals was not carried out.

During the xenon therapy procedure, pronounced signs of gas exposure appeared 60 seconds after its start, by this time the oxygen content in the circuit had decreased to 31%. The procedure is terminated. The patient is conscious, dizziness, nystagmus, euphoria have passed within a few minutes.

Fifth session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach, 12 hours after a meal. The patient took 400 ml of warm water (40 ° C) 30 minutes before the procedure, was in a position with the tip of the head down at 10 °, and no drug therapy was carried out. The hematocrit after water intake was 44%.

During the xenon therapy procedure, signs of the onset of pronounced xenon exposure appeared after 45 seconds, the oxygen content in the circuit was 35%. The procedure is terminated. The patient was conscious dizziness, nystagmus, euphoria passed within 3 minutes.

After 10 days of therapy, the patient's condition improved significantly, the pains in the epigastric region disappeared, appetite improved significantly, and working capacity increased. Kerdo index was -6, Ashner test -2; hemogram - 56% segmented neutrophils, stab neutrophils 2%, eosinophils 4%, monocytes 3%, lymphocytes 35%, white blood cells 6.4 · 10 ⁹ L. Hematocrit - 47%. Total cholesterol - 5.1 mmol / L.

Conclusion: Healthy.

An example shows that the duration of a procedure, its effectiveness, and xenon consumption are affected by an empty stomach condition, which sharply reduces the time of the clinical effect, the level of hematocrit, at lower rates of which signs of saturation of the body with xenon are faster (tables 2, 3). Also on the duration of the procedure and its effectiveness is the position of the patient (table 4). The best indicators (45 s - the duration of the inhalation process) are recorded in patients under the condition that the fasting procedure is performed with the head end lowered and after receiving warm water, which allows to reduce the hematocrit level.

Example 2

Patient G. 45 years. Complaints of irritability, poor sleep, feelings of internal anxiety, periodic headaches, decreased performance. During laboratory and instrumental examination, pathological changes in internal organs and systems were not detected. HELL - 130/80 mm Hg, heart rate (heart rate) - 74 beats per minute. Assessment of reactive (RT) and personal anxiety (RT) according to Spielberg-Khanin: RT - 49 points (high); LT - 43 points (moderate).

Diagnosis: Almost healthy. A 50:50 xenon oxygen mixture inhalation was prescribed for five sessions every other day in order to improve the patient's condition.

The first treatment session: the procedure was carried out 1.5 hours after a meal. Before treatment, the patient did not take warm water, was in a horizontal position with his head raised by 5-10 degrees.

The device is filled with 3 liters of mixture. After hyperventilation of the lungs for 1 min and deep exhalation into the atmosphere through a mask, the patient is connected to the device and began to breathe in a closed circuit under the supervision of a doctor. The first signs of gas exposure (mild nystagmus, dizziness, mild euphoria) appeared after 170 seconds. After 2 minutes, the oxygen content in the circuit decreased to 20%, a feeling of suffocation appeared. 2 liters of the mixture are added to the circuit. Pronounced signs of gas exposure (eyeball nystagmus, dizziness, paresthesia - a feeling of goosebumps, tingling, euphoria - a feeling of intoxication, redness of the skin of the face) appeared 240 seconds after the start of the procedure, by this time the oxygen content in the circuit had decreased to 20%. The procedure is terminated. The patient was conscious, dizziness, nystagmus, euphoria passed within 3 minutes. Xenon consumption amounted to 5 liters.

Second session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach 10 hours after a meal. Hematocrit 47%. Before treatment, the patient did not take warm water, was in a horizontal position with his head raised by 5-10 degrees.

The device is filled with 2.5 liters of gas mixture (50% xenon and 50% oxygen). For a description of the technique for starting the procedure, see the first session. The first signs of gas exposure (mild nystagmus, dizziness, mild euphoria) appeared after 50 seconds. After 2 minutes, pronounced signs of exposure to gas. The duration of the procedure was 135 seconds. The oxygen concentration in the circuit is 25%. The patient was conscious, dizziness, nystagmus, euphoria passed within 2 minutes.

Third session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach 10 hours after a meal. Hematocrit 47%. The patient took 200 ml of warm water (t - 40 °) 30 minutes before the procedure, was in a horizontal position. The hematocrit was 44%. Total cholesterol 4.3 mmol / L.

The device is filled with 3 liters of gas mixture (50% xenon and 50% oxygen). The first signs of gas exposure appeared after 40 seconds. After 90 seconds - pronounced signs of gas exposure. The duration of the procedure was 90 seconds. The oxygen concentration in the circuit is 24%. The patient was conscious, dizziness, nystagmus, euphoria passed within 2 minutes 30 seconds.

Fourth session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach 10 hours after a meal. Hematocrit 48%. The patient took 200 ml of warm water (t - 40 ° C) 30 minutes before the procedure, was in a horizontal position with the head end slightly lowered by 10 degrees. Hematocrit was 46%.

The device is filled with 3 liters of gas mixture (50% xenon and 50% oxygen). The first signs of xenon exposure appeared after 30 seconds. After 60 seconds - pronounced signs of gas exposure. The duration of the procedure was 60 seconds. The oxygen concentration in the circuit is 27%. The patient was conscious, dizziness, nystagmus, euphoria passed within 2 minutes.

After the course, consisting of 5 inhalations, the feeling of anxiety disappeared, sleep normalized, headaches did not bother, noted high performance. Spielberg-Hanin test after the procedure: RT - 29 points (low), RT - 40 points (moderate). HELL - 110/70 mm Hg, heart rate - 68 beats. in 1 minute.

Diagnosis: Healthy.

The example shows the effect of taking warm water on the hematocrit level and the effectiveness of the treatment gas inhalation procedure.

Example 3

Patient Ch. 28 years old. Complaints about a bad dream. Falls asleep for a long time, cannot sleep for more than an hour, wakes up early, sleep 4-5 hours a day. Reduced performance. From the anamnesis: due to its work, it often changes time zones, flights. Insomnia has been bothering for 6 months. Frequent headaches. Blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg, heart rate - 84 beats. in 1 minute. Diagnosis: Chronic stress, chronic insomnia. Appointed therapy - xenon inhalation every other day - 10 inhalations.

The first treatment session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach. Before treatment, the patient did not take warm water, was in a horizontal position.

During treatment, a modification of the gas distribution unit with an internal volume of 200 ml was used.

The device is filled with xenon-oxygen gas mixture in a ratio of 50:50. After hyperventilation of the lungs for 1 min and deep exhalation into the atmosphere through a mask, the patient is connected to the device and began to breathe in a closed circuit under the supervision of a doctor. The first signs of gas exposure (mild nystagmus, dizziness, mild euphoria) appeared after 60 seconds. After 90 seconds, the oxygen content in the circuit decreased to 25%, there were signs of a pronounced gas effect (nystagmus of the eyeballs, dizziness, paresthesia - a feeling of goosebumps, tingling, euphoria - a feeling of intoxication, redness of the skin of the face). The procedure is terminated. The consumption of the gas mixture was 3 liters of 400 ml, xenon, respectively, 1 liter of 700 ml.

Second session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach. Before treatment, the patient did not take warm water, was in a horizontal position.

During treatment, a modification of the gas distribution unit with an internal volume of 20 ml was used.

The device is filled with xenon-oxygen gas mixture in a ratio of 50:50. During the procedure, signs of pronounced xenon exposure appeared after 75 seconds. The oxygen content in the circuit decreased to 31%. The consumption of the gas mixture was 3 liters of 200 ml, xenon, respectively, 1 liter of 600 ml.

In the second modification of the gas distribution unit, the consumption of xenon-oxygen mixture is 200 ml less, respectively, xenon per 100 ml. Given the high cost of xenon, this fact is significant from an economic point of view.

After the 4th session, he began to fall asleep faster - 15-20 minutes after going to bed. The sleep returned to normal by the end of the third week of xenon therapy. Headaches do not bother. An objective examination of the pathology was not detected. Efficiency returned to normal. Blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg, heart rate - 58 beats. in 1 minute. Diagnosis: Almost healthy.

Example 4

Patient S. 54 years. Complaints of severe pain in the left half of the chest, aggravated by breathing. An ECG examination of the pathology of the heart was not detected. On palpation of the paravertebral points Th 5 - Th 6, soreness and pain on palpation along the 5th intercostal space are noted on the left. HELL - 130/80 mm Hg, heart rate - 72 beats per 1 minute. When fluoroscopy of the organs of the chest cavity, pathologies of the heart and lungs were not detected, with radiography of the thoracic spine, the phenomena of osteochondrosis are determined. The content of total blood cholesterol is 6.4 mmol / L.

Diagnosis: Osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine, neuralgia of the intercostal nerve Th 5 on the left.

Appointed xenon inhalation at a dose of 50:50 (xenon: oxygen) 1 time per day for 10 days. Nicotinic acid 0.1 g 4 times a day with a gradual increase in the daily dose to 3 g - treatment with a pharmaceutical product for 20 days.

The first treatment session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach. The patient took 200 ml of warm water (t - 40 ° C) 30 minutes before the procedure, was in a horizontal position.

The device is filled with 3 liters of mixture. After hyperventilation of the lungs for 1 min and deep exhalation into the atmosphere through a mask, the patient is connected to the device and began to breathe in a closed circuit under the supervision of a doctor.

The first signs of gas exposure (mild nystagmus, dizziness, mild euphoria) appeared after 120 seconds. The pain in breathing disappeared. After 150 seconds, the oxygen content in the circuit decreased to 21%, a therapeutic gas mixture was added to the circuit. Pronounced signs of gas exposure (eyeball nystagmus, dizziness, paresthesia - a feeling of goosebumps, tingling, euphoria - a feeling of intoxication, redness of the skin of the face) appeared 180 seconds after the start of the procedure. The procedure is terminated. The patient is conscious, dizziness, nystagmus, euphoria have passed within a few minutes. The flow rate of the gas mixture was 5.5 liters. The period during which the pain was mild was 3 hours, then over 8 hours the pain gradually intensified.

The treatment was continued.

Fourth session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach. The patient took 200 ml of warm water (t - 40 ° C) 30 minutes before the procedure, was in a horizontal position.

The content of total cholesterol is 5.6 mmol / L.

The device is filled with 3 liters of mixture. The first signs of gas exposure (mild nystagmus, dizziness, mild euphoria) appeared after 90 seconds. The pain in breathing disappeared. Pronounced signs of gas exposure 120 seconds after the start of the procedure. The procedure is terminated. The consumption of the gas mixture was 3 liters. The period during which the pain was absent was about 15 hours. There were no severe pains.

The treatment was continued.

Seventh session: the procedure was performed on an empty stomach. The patient took 200 ml of warm water (t - 40 ° C) 30 minutes before the procedure, was in a horizontal position. The content of total cholesterol is 5.0 mmol / l. The device is filled with 3 liters of mixture. The first signs of gas exposure (mild nystagmus, dizziness, mild euphoria) appeared after 75 seconds. Mild pain during breathing disappeared. Pronounced signs of gas exposure 100 seconds after the start of the procedure. The procedure is terminated. The consumption of the gas mixture was 3 liters. Respiratory pain did not bother. The treatment was continued.

After 10 sessions of xenon therapy, there were no complaints; there was no objective examination of pain during palpation of paravertebral points and along the fifth intercostal space on the left. The breath is painless, the dream is good.

Diagnosis: Osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine. Stage of remission. When viewed after three months, the patient has no complaints.

The example shows that the duration of the xenon inhalation procedure and the consumption of xenon have a pronounced effect on total blood cholesterol. At rates of more than 5 mmol / L, the duration of the procedure increases, the consumption of xenon increases, and the effectiveness of treatment decreases.

As can be seen from the above, the use of the proposed method of inhalation and a device for its implementation has the following advantages and features.

The main differences of the proposed device and method, carried out in a closed breathing circuit, are:

- moderately hyperoxic, passing into moderately hypercapnic respiration,

- preliminary preparation of the patient both a few hours before the procedure and a few minutes, if necessary, a few days before the procedure,

- the position of the patient during the implementation of the therapy session.

All this provides a more efficient and economical mode of xenon consumption and a faster onset of clinical effects during the procedure.

The device, due to the presence of a gas analyzer in it, allows you to exercise objective control over the consumption of oxygen and xenon, as well as prepare the desired treatment mixture in the circuit.

The gas analyzer, shutters, a closing valve on the inspiratory / expiration line and the presence of an outlet valve in the circuit allow more complete collection of xenon exhaled in the first minutes after the procedure into the gas recovery unit.

Reducing the internal volume of the gas distribution unit allows, prior to the procedure, to dilute with less nitrogen the air in the circuit, the therapeutic respiratory mixture.

The fasting condition and preliminary preparation of the body, taking into account the state of the parameters of homeostasis (blood cholesterol, blood hematocrit values - tables 1, 2, 3) allow you to more quickly and more fully saturate the body with xenon. And preliminary therapy using, for example, nicotinic acid makes it possible to improve microcirculation of the brain (table 5), lower cholesterol and ultimately increase the consumption of xenon by brain tissues, which positively affects the effectiveness of xenon treatment.

Separation of the respiratory line on the inspiratory and expiratory lines and the presence of an exhalation valve that opens when the exhale and closes when the pressure in the circuit increases, allows more efficient collection of xenon after the treatment procedure.

In the prototype, xenon in the blood is actively washed out with oxygen after the procedure, which leads to a decrease in the effect of therapy [1].

Placing a breathing bag on the inhalation / exhalation line between the mask and the gas distribution unit and supplying the inhalation device with a gas distribution unit of a small internal volume can reduce the dead space of the device and the breathing resistance, this also makes it possible to dilute the gas mixture less (residual atmospheric air in the circuit) when work with a given gas mixture.

A significant role is played by the position of the patient during the procedure (table 4). A slight lowering of the head end of the patient by 5-10 degrees in a horizontal position leads to an increase in blood supply to the brain and to a more effective saturation of the patient's body with xenon.

In addition, the inventive device is a mobile, multivariate, universal, fairly structurally simple device.

Industrial applicability

The claimed group of inventions can be used in narcology, psychiatry, neurology, pulmonology, therapy, in the treatment of occupational diseases, preventive medicine, in the rehabilitation and recovery of the body after an illness, and also after stressful mental and physical stress.

Table 1 The effect of blood cholesterol on the duration of xenon therapy and xenon consumption (n = 15) Blood cholesterol, mmol / l Duration of the procedure (seconds) Xenon consumption (liters) 6.2 ± 0.5 214.5 ± 31.2 2.8 ± 0.51 4,5 ± 0,3 95.7 ± 16.9 1.5 ± 0.4

table 2 The effect of hematocrit on the duration of xenon therapy and xenon consumption (n = 10) Hematocrit,% Duration of the procedure (seconds) Xenon consumption (liters) 54.6 ± 5.1 184.7 ± 17.4 2.3 ± 0.47 41.8 ± 5.5 80.9 ± 19.3 1.6 ± 0.31

Table 3 The effect of water intake on hematocrit and xenon therapy time (n = 10) Hematocrit Duration of the procedure (seconds) Xenon consumption (liters) Before After Before After Before After 47.5 ± 0.4 42.3 ± 0.6 170.1 ± 12.6 91.3 ± 14.2 2.4 ± 0.5 1.5 ± 0.3

Table 4 The influence of the position of the patient on the duration of the procedure and gas flow (n = 12) Patient position Duration of the procedure (seconds) Xenon consumption (liters) With raised head end 5-10 ° 190.7 ± 35.4 2.7 ± 0.5 Horizontally 176.9 ± 29.2 2.3 ± 0.4 With the tip down 5-10 ° 103.5 ± 27.2 1.7 ± 0.3

Table 5 The effect of taking a vascular preparation (nicotinic acid 10 mg / ml - 1.0 s / c 30 minutes before the xenon therapy procedure) (n = 10) Procedure conditions Duration of the procedure Gas consumption Before drug administration 150.4 ± 16.1 3.2 ± 0.4 After drug administration 80.0 ± 30.2 1.6 ± 0.7

Literature

1. RF patent №2165270. A method of treating drug addiction. Vovk S.M., Efimov V.V., Naumov S.A. et al. 2000.20.04.2001. Bull. No. 11.

2. Pavlov B.N., Dyachenko A.I., Shulgin Yu.A. et al. Study of the physiological effects of breathing with heated oxygen-helium mixtures // Human Physiology. - 2003. - T.29. - No. 5. - S.69-73.

3. Naumov S.A. et al. The role of xenon in the treatment of opium addiction // Issues of Addiction. - 2002. - No. 6. - S.13-18.

4. Patent No. 2228739. The drug for adaptogenic therapy (options) and the method of its preparation. Butakov G.L., Roshchin I.N., Smetannikov V.P. et al. 2004, 20.05.

Claims (11)

1. An inhalation method in which intensive ventilation of the lungs with air is carried out, followed by the deepest possible exhalation of air into the environment and breath holding at the expiratory height, after which the gas mixture of xenon and oxygen is breathed from a closed loop apparatus to an oxygen content of at least 20% and the onset of signs of gas exposure, when the conditions for breathing with a fasting gas mixture against a background of total cholesterol in the patient’s blood ≤5 mmol / l, characterized in that aritelno reception is performed inside the warm water, while during the inhalation procedure, the patient is in the supine position with the head end lowered. 2. The inhalation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the intake of warm water inside is carried out in an amount of preferably 200-400 ml. 3. The inhalation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of warm water is preferably 30-40 ° C. 4. The inhalation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the patient is in a supine position with the head tip down, preferably 5-10 °. 5. The inhalation method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is administered against the background of pharmacotherapy with drugs that affect cholesterol and brain blood flow. 6. The inhalation method according to claim 1, 4, characterized in that, for example, nicotinic acid is used as a drug that affects the cholesterol level and blood flow of the brain. 7. Device for inhalation with a gas mixture of xenon with oxygen, comprising a gas supply unit connected to sources of compressed gas, a capture unit, a closed breathing circuit connected to a gas supply unit and including a patient’s breathing mask, inhalation / expiration line, gas analyzer with sensors, an absorber CO ₂ , and at least one respiratory capacity, characterized in that it contains a gas distribution unit connected to the patient's respiratory mask through the inhalation / expiration line and with a gas analyzer, cat sensors They are placed inside the gas distribution unit, while the gas distribution unit is made in the form of a monolith with channels for gas distribution in it and for feeding it into the inspiratory / expiratory line, to the sensors of the gas analyzer and to the recovery unit, and the respiratory capacity is installed on the inspiratory / expiratory line between mask and gas distribution unit. 8. The inhalation device according to claim 7, characterized in that the inspiratory / expiratory line is made in the form of two respiratory lines equipped with inspiratory and expiratory valves. 9. The inhalation device according to claim 7, characterized in that the gas distribution unit is equipped with shutters for opening and closing the respiratory circuit. 10. The inhalation device according to claim 7, characterized in that the internal volume of the gas distribution unit is preferably 20-200 ml. 11. The inhalation device according to claim 7, characterized in that the gas distribution unit is made in the form of a monolith in the form of, for example, a parallelepiped.

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