RU2435890C1 - Composition for fire-proof treatment of polyether fibres - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: composition for fire-proof treatment of polyether fibres contains the following in pts.wt: phosphorus-boron-containing methacrylate 45.0, water 55.0, ammonia 8.0, sodium persulphate 0.225-0.45 and ground 23KNTS polycaproamide fibre 0.045-0.225. ^ EFFECT: high fire-resistance, strength, adhesion to chloroprene rubber. ^ 2 tbl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to the textile industry, to compositions for flame retardant processing of polyester fibers, and can be used in aircraft, automotive, rubber industry and for other special purposes.

A known composition for flame retardant finishing of textile materials from cellulose fibers, comprising the reaction product of nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid with a nitrogen-containing substance and water, and it contains urea as a nitrogen-containing substance (US Pat. 2184184 Russia, D06M 13/432; publ. 06.27.01).

However, the use of this composition requires drying the impregnated cord at high temperature and is intended only for materials from cotton, linen and viscose fibers.

A known composition for flame retardant processing of textile materials, including a derivative of chloroendic acid and an organic solvent, and in order to increase the fire resistance of materials made of polyamide or cellulose fibers, it additionally contains antimony trioxide (copyright certificate 953045 USSR, D06M 13/20; publ. 23.08.82).

However, this composition has a complex formulation, and a toxic substance is used as a solvent.

Also known composition for flame retardant chemical fibers based on a 5-7% aqueous solution of phosphorus-containing monomer (Fakril-M) using a redox system Fe ²⁺ -H ₂ O ₂ (application for invention 93012912 Russia; publ. 20.09 .96).

However, this composition must be grafted onto the fibers for a long time and at high temperature.

A known composition for flame retardant treatment of polyamide fibers, including a phosphorus-containing compound and water, and polyethylene polyamine (patent 2344215 Russia D06M 13/50; publ. 20.01.2009) is additionally used.

However, this composition does not significantly increase the strength of the fibers.

Closest to the invention in technical essence is a composition for flame retardant treatment of synthetic fibers, including a 50% aqueous solution of phosphorus-containing methacrylate, pre-neutralized with ammonia to pH 7, and sodium persulfate initiator in an amount of 1-5% by weight of phosphorus-containing methacrylate (patent 2330135 Russia D06M 14/08; publ. 07.27.2008).

However, this composition has a high content of phosphorus-containing methacrylate and does not significantly increase the strength of the fibers.

Objective: the development of a composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester fibers, providing increased fire resistance, physical and mechanical properties and adhesion of the fibers to rubber based on chloroprene rubber.

The technical result is an increase in fire resistance, strength, adhesion to rubber based on chloroprene rubber.

The technical result is achieved in that the composition for the flame retardant treatment of polyester fibers, including phosphorus-containing methacrylate, water, ammonia and sodium persulfate, further comprises a pre-ground polycaproamide fiber grade 23 KNTS, in the following ratio, wt.h .: phosphorus-containing methacrylate 45, 0, water 55.0, ammonia 8.0, sodium persulfate 0.225-0.450, crushed polycaproamide fiber grade 23 KNTS 0.045-0.225.

We found that the reason for increasing the fire resistance of polyester fibers is the formation of a thin fire-retardant film on the surface of the fibers, which inhibits the combustion process due to the formation of a foamed layer with better thermal conductivity, which limits the flow of oxygen to the combustion source.

The increase in fiber strength is due to the localization of microdefects on its surface with an impregnating composition containing crushed polycaproamide fibers of the 23 KNTS grade, since microdefects are the root cause of fiber destruction when exposed to external stresses.

The adhesion of the polyester fiber to rubber increases, apparently, due to the appearance of new polar functional groups on the surface of the fiber, which enter into a physicochemical interaction with chloroprene rubber.

Phosphorus-containing methacrylate - was previously used for flame retardant modification of cellulosic materials and synthetic fibers (RF patent 2254341 С08В 15/05, publ. 06/20/05; RF patent 2330135 D06M 14/08, publ. 07.27.08).

Ammonia (GOST-6221-90) is used for the production of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and sulfate, urea), explosives and polymers, nitric acid, soda.

Sodium persulfate (TU 6-09-2869-78) is used in cosmetics, analytical chemistry, as a disinfectant, for bleaching, as a depolarizer (in batteries), for engraving and etching of copper and its alloys.

The crushed polycaproamide fiber of grade 23 KNTS - 187 Tex - is produced on an extruder, the fiber size is 1-3 mm.

The use of this composition can significantly simplify the modification of polyester fibers. So, to achieve a positive effect, the use of highly concentrated flame retardants is not required. The use of a 45% aqueous solution of phosphorus-borne methacrylate is most optimal. A decrease in the concentration of phosphorus-containing methacrylate does not allow the self-extinguishing effect to be achieved, and an increase in the concentration reduces the strength of the fibers.

With a decrease or increase in the ammonia content in the flame retardant, the flame retardant and strength properties of the polyester fibers deteriorate, as the acidity of the medium changes.

With a decrease or increase in the content of sodium persulfate in the impregnating composition, the fire resistance of the fiber decreases and the strength of the polyester fiber decreases.

With a decrease or increase in the content in the impregnating composition of crushed polycaproamide fiber grade 23 KNTS decreases the strength of the polyester fiber and adhesion to rubber.

It should be noted that the use of this composition for flame retardant processing of polyester fibers does not require high temperatures and complex hardware design.

An example of the preparation of flame retardant modifying composition.

Ammonia is added to a stirred reactor containing a 45% aqueous solution of phosphorus-borne methacrylate. Stirring is carried out for 1-2 minutes at room temperature, then sodium persulfate is added and stirred for 1 minute, after which a pre-ground polycaproamide fiber of the 23 KNTS grade is added.

Get impregnating compositions 1-4, the formulation of which is shown in table 1.

Compounds 1-4 are impregnated for 15 minutes with a polyester cord of grade 18 PDU - 144 Tex and dried at room temperature (20 ° C) to constant weight. Then thermostat for 30 minutes at 150 ° C.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. Samples of polyester fibers (30 cm long) are placed for 15 minutes in a 45% aqueous solution of phosphorus-containing methacrylate previously neutralized with an ammonia solution of 8 parts by weight to pH 7, containing 0.450 parts by weight sodium persulfate and 0.135 parts by weight chopped polycaproamide fiber grade 23 KNTS with subsequent drying at room temperature, then thermostatic heating is carried out for 30 minutes at 150 ° C.

Example 2 is carried out according to example 1, changing the content of sodium persulfate.

Examples 3-4 are carried out according to example 1, changing the content of the chopped polycaproamide fiber.

The obtained samples are tested for resistance to combustion (OST 1 90094-79), tensile strength (GOST 20403-75). Adhesion to rubber based on chloroprene rubber (F.F.Koshelev et al. General technology of rubber. - M .: Chemistry, 1978. - p. 86) was determined by the N-method (GOST 23785.7-89) on a tensile testing machine RMI-60. The results are shown in table 2.

Table 1 Composition Components The content of components, parts by weight I II III IV Prototype Phosphorusborne Methacrylate 45 45 45 45 fifty Water 55 55 55 55 fifty Ammonia 8 8 8 8 22 Sodium persulfate 0.450 0.225 0.450 0.450 1,0 Ground polycaproamide fiber 0.135 0.135 0,045 0.225 -

The table shows that when processing a polyester fiber with a flame retardant according to recipe 4, the breaking load increases from 18.0 kgf to 28.0 kgf. The use of this composition helps to increase the bond strength of the polyester fiber with rubber based on chloroprene rubber from 28.0 N to 49.0 N.

table 2 Sample No. for examples Breaking load, kgf Elongation mm Fire resistance Adhesive Strength, N No impregnation 18.0 18.0 burns 28.0 one 27.0 36.0 fade out (3 sec) 49.0 2 25.0 34.0 fade out (4 sec) 46.0 3 26.0 36.0 fade out (3 sec) 48.0 four 28.0 36.0 fade out (2 sec) 48.0 Prototype 26.0 15.0 fade out (4 sec) -

The technical and economic effect obtained from the use of this composition is that its use can significantly increase fire resistance, strength and adhesion to rubber based on chloroprene rubber in polyester fibers, does not require complex hardware design, long processing time, which avoids multi-stage processing, as well as reduce the content of phosphorus-containing methacrylate in the impregnating composition.

Claims (1)

Composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester fibers, including phosphorus-borne methacrylate, water, ammonia and sodium persulfate, characterized in that it further comprises a pre-ground polycaproamide fiber of 23 KNTS grade in the following ratio, wt.h .:
Phosphorusborne Methacrylate 45.0 Water 55.0 Ammonia 8.0 Sodium persulfate 0.225-0.450 Crushed polycaproamide fiber grade 23 KNTS 0.045-0.225