RU2435620C1 - Cable conveyer for people rescue in fire - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, fire-fighting means. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to weight handling engineering, namely to conveyers for various handling operations, particularly for people evacuation from buildings in fire. A cable-drive cable conveyor of people rescue in fire in buildings of any possible height consisting of upper bearing units of the conveyor which are mounted on cantilever beams held on a extending fire ladder, in windows, balconies, a roof or a carriage movable on eaves of a building. For length adjustment of the conveyer with a constant length of a girdled cable, the conveyer is supplied with a receiver of a showing-up unused length of the cable in the form of two freely rotating multistrand pulleys mounted on the cable tension adjustment carriage. The people evacuation operation is performed on hanging platforms, stretchers, belts hooked up to cabled trailers. ^ EFFECT: use of the declared invention allows for more rapid people rescue in fire from the buildings of any possible height from balconies and windows. ^ 1 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hoisting and transport machinery, namely, traction devices for agricultural equipment and cable conveyors for transporting various goods, in particular for the evacuation of people from buildings of various heights in case of fire.

State of the art

Known / factory instructions / fire engines: LA-50 ladder with a loading capacity of 200 kg / 2. people / and a cranked MKP-50 auto-lift with a loading capacity of 400 kg / 4 people /, equipped with rescue hoses, but their use is limited to 50 m in height.

External and internal staircases in buildings / TSB, volume 20, 1975 / are not always accessible due to gas contamination and smoke. Their construction is expensive.

Known / Application No. 2008109085, 03/07/08 / "A rope drive that allows the production of rope conveyors. Fire engines can be equipped to save people in case of fire in high-rise buildings. But the structural feature of the rope drive does not allow changing the length of the conveyor with a constant looped rope length .

Disclosure of invention

The aim of this invention is the manufacture of a rope conveyor to save people in case of fire, which, with its simplicity and reliability, allows more quickly to save people in case of fire from buildings of various heights through balconies and windows.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the upper supporting blocks of the conveyor are mounted on cantilever beams mounted on a retractable fire escape, in windows, balconies, on the roof or on a carriage movable along the ledge of the building, and to be able to change the length of the conveyor with a constant length of the looped rope, it is equipped with a receiver that appears when this unused length of the rope, in the form of two freely rotating multi-ribbed pulleys mounted on the carriage for adjusting the rope tension, and people are evacuated on a suspended platform x, stretchers, belts by their gearing for trailers mounted on a rope.

The invention is illustrated by the description and drawings.

Figure 1 - conveyor rescue people in a fire on a car with a ladder.

Figure 2 - conveyor rescue people in case of fire on the platform of a truck.

Figure 3 - stationary conveyor rescue people in case of fire.

Figure 4 - receiver of the unused length of the conveyor rope.

Figure 5 - floor platform.

6 is a dimensional frame.

Fig.7 - trailer to the rope.

Fig. 8. - evacuation belt.

Conveyor device on the fire escape

The conveyor consists of a boom 1 with a console 2, on which a removable beam 3 with blocks 4 and a cable covering them is installed 5. The beam 3 is connected to the console 2 with a spike 6 with a hole for a pin 7. Cable drive 8 / Application No. 2008109085, 03.03.08 g ./ is installed on the platform 9 next to the receiver of an unused rope length / Fig. 1, 2 /, which consists of a housing 10, a carriage 11, two-, multi-ribbed pulleys 12 with attachments 13 and a screw 14 for adjusting the rope tension. The diameter of the pulleys, the distance between them and the number of streams depends on the difference in the calculated length of the rope for the conveyor to operate at the highest and lowest levels of objects. The rest of the rope when folding the boom-ladder is wound onto the attachments 13 / Fig. 4/. Block 15 is mounted on the end of the telescopic rod 16, which is loaded with a platform 17 with a load of 18 through the rack 19. The rod 15 abuts against the platform 9, and its length is fixed with a screw 20. Block 21 is mounted on the rod 16. The guide blocks 22 are connected to the platform 9. Platform evacuation 23 consists of a floor / Fig. 5/ in the form of two plates 24, mounted on a beam 25 with a slot / a / between them for the passage of the rope 5; railings 26 in the form of half frames mounted on pendants 27; overall frame 28 / Fig.6/ in the form of two half-frames 29, welded to the beam 30 with a clearance / a / for the passage of the rope; hook 31 for connection with a trailer 32, a variant of which is given in Fig.7 / connection of a hook 31 with a trailer 32 in Fig.1, 2, 3 is conventionally indicated by a circle /.

To prevent rotation of the platform 23 when lifting at a certain distance from the rope 5, a rope 33 is installed, which is connected to the beam 3 with a free end, and the other is connected through a support 34 in the form of a block to a coil 35 fixed on the platform 17. A coil 35 for fixing the manual tension of the rope 33 is provided with a ratchet wheel 36 with a dog 37.

Together with the platforms it is possible to use a stretcher with a harness for dumb people and belts / Fig. 8/, equipped with a flexible suspension with hook 31.

Work conveyor with boom

Before extending the boom 1 establish a telescopic rod 16 and blocks 15, 21, 22; platform 17 with a load of 18; rope 5 is fed into blocks 15, 22, 21, 4; the dog 37 is taken away from the ratchet wheel 36 for free passage of the rope 33 from the coil 35. Having connected the beam 3 with the tied rope 5 to the console 2, inserting the pin 7, before and during the extension of the boom 1, the rope 5 is manually dropped first from the attachments 13 / Fig. 4 /, and then from the pulleys 12 with a margin to eliminate the tension of the rope 5.

Upon completion of the extension of the boom 1, returning the dog 37 to the ratchet 36, make manual tension of the rope 33 and idle conveyor. At the same time, the tension of the rope 5 is regulated by the screw 14 so that there is no large slack in the rope in the form of an arc 1 / Fig. 1, 2 / in the section between the drive of the rope 8 and one of the pulleys 12. Having completed the adjustment of the tension of the ropes 5 and 33, the conveyor is stopped and the trailer 32 is installed on the rope 5, and the platform 23 is hooked to the trailer 31 / not shown /, the rescuers with extinguishing and rescue equipment are placed in it. Last agree on the phone with the rescued. Having installed the automatic stop of the conveyor when approaching the following platforms to the place of loading and loading the rescued, the first rescuer makes the start of the conveyor by radio remote control. The stop of the platforms below is automatic, it can occur after several stops at a height necessary to load the following platforms. Start-up is possible only after removing the trailer 32 from the rope 5. Attachment of the rescued on a stretcher and with belts is done by the trailer 32, mounted on the rope 5 below.

Conveyor device on a car platform

A fire truck with a ladder equipped with a conveyor should be equipped with a set of installation of the upper blocks 4 directly in the window openings, on balconies or on the roof, which greatly expands the possibilities of using the conveyor regardless of the height of the object and the place for a turn. Such a conveyor kit can be equipped with a light-duty car, on the example of which we will consider this option. The kit includes a bracket 38 with a screw 39 and two studs 40, which strengthen the console 41. The console 41 has several holes that allow you to select the desired departure. A winch 42 with a rope 43, a block 44 and a latch 45 is fixed on the console 41. At the end of the console 41 there is a hole for connecting to the beam 3 with a spike 6, on which the blocks 4 are attached and the end of the rope 33 is attached. A load 46 in the form of a steel rod is attached to the rope 43 with a hook 47 for hooking onto the ring 48 of the spike 6 welded to the beam 3. All mechanisms are mounted on the platform of the car, and on top are covered with flooring 49 with a ladder 50.

The operation of the conveyor device on the vehicle platform

To install the console, choose a place located above the evacuation point, taking into account the proximity of the platform 23. 23. After installing the console 41, lower the end of the rope 43 with the load 46 and hook it with a hook 47 to the ring 48 of the spike 6 of the beam 3, on the blocks 4 of which the rope 5 is tucked. K at this moment, the end of the rope 33 is connected to the beam 3 with the retracted dog 37 from the ratchet wheel 36. This moment corresponds to the moment of completion of the extension of the boom-ladder in the first embodiment, and further work is similar to this first.

The device of the stationary conveyor rescue people in case of fire

The stationary conveyor consists of a frame 51, on which a “Rope Drive” 8 is installed with an electric drive 52 from the battery / not shown /, block 53, platform 54 with retractable supports 55. The rope 5 hangs on two blocks 4, which are mounted on consoles 56 of the carriage 57 It is connected by rollers 58 and 59 to a support line in the form of two pipes 60 welded to the posts 61, mounted on the cornice of the building. The rollers 58 are connected by a chain transmission 62 through the sprockets 63. They receive rotation from the electric drive 64 through the chain 65. The platform 53 is equipped with rails 66 and folding steps 67. Radio control.

Stationary conveyor operation

The best option for the speed of saving people in the event of a fire can be considered when at least two people from the residents of the house are trained to work on this conveyor or if the service staff will be delivered by helicopter. Arriving at the scene of the fire, rescuers, having decided on the means of rescue, raising the supports 55, controlling the radio control carriage 57 and the drive of the rope 8, go to the desired vertical, lower the supports 55 and rise to the place of evacuation, organize loading. There are three options for evacuation: on the branch of the rope that goes up, which is more convenient for attaching stretchers and belts to the trailers 32 installed on the rope 5, or on the branch that goes down, or both in order to quickly remove people from the danger zone.

Trailer device

The trailer 32 to the rope 5 consists of a housing 67 with a support 68 for the rope 5 with a groove with a radius of the diameter of the rope 5 and threaded holes for mounting the axis 69 of the earring 70 and the axis 71 of the eccentric 72. The axis 71 contains an eccentric 73 for adjusting the holding force of the trailer 32. Clamp 74 and the eccentric 72 is equipped with levers with arms 75, 76 with slots 77 for the latch 78. The clamp 74 has a groove of the same radius and oblong holes for the screws 79 of the movable connection with the housing 67. The position of the axles 69 and 71 is fixed by nuts 80 and 81.

Trailer work

First, the latch 78 is retracted and the levers 75 and 76 are moved apart. Having brought the rope 5 into the formed gap, the levers 75, 76 are brought down with the force of the arms down. At the same time, the started latch 78 under its own weight falls down, slipping into the grooves 77. Removing the trailer after returning down reduces the levers 75 and 76. At the same time, being turned 180 °, the latch 78 leaves the slots 77 under its own weight and falls down, allowing move apart levers 75, 76 and pull 32 rope 5 out of the trailer.

The design principle of the trailer 32 allows you to obtain the desired holding force, not only due to the clamping force of the rope on one bend, but also by increasing the number of these bends. It is only possible to install a trailer 32 of this design on an unstretched rope, which ensures the operation of the “Drive Rope”. However, this tightness of the ascending branch of the rope 5 at the point of attachment of the trailer 32 remains until some of the connected load is larger on its side. Therefore, trailers 32 must install from the very beginning of the conveyor movement with the minimum permissible distance between them, which may be sufficient for the entire operation. It is, if it is possible to load the ascending branch of the rope. As best shown in practice.

Conclusion

The described device of the conveyor is possible due to the features of the “Drive Rope”. Its main quality is that in order to obtain sufficient traction, preliminary tension of the rope branches is not required. On the working branch of the rope, tension occurs only with the appearance of a load. On it you can get any traction force commensurate with the strength of the rope without breaking it, which is tested in practice.

With the positive results of using the conveyor on a machine with a ladder, it may not be necessary to use it as a ladder, and instead install a light telescopic boom.

On a stationary conveyor for saving people during a fire with its constant length, there is no need for a receiver of unused rope length.

When supplying fire ladders with a rope conveyor, you can also do without a receiver of unused rope length. But then the ladder should always be fully extendable, and instead of a receiver with multi-ribbed pulleys, use a drum for winding a twin rope or a receiver in the form of two pipe racks on which the rope is laid with an eight. Which is better, practice will determine.

The option of a conveyor mounted on a car platform is simple and manoeuvrable with great potential for use at various heights. Given the small size and weight of the conveyor nodes, they can be made portable by placing several sets on the vehicle platform, and, if necessary, be installed in several places at the same time. Their installation requires little space.

The stationary conveyor is attractive for its efficiency and the ability to save people from any room of the facade of large multi-story buildings.

It seems that each of the given conveyor options for saving people in case of fire has its individual positive qualities that give them the right to exist.

Claims (1)

A rope conveyor for rescuing people during a fire in buildings of various heights with a rope drive, characterized in that the upper supporting blocks of the conveyor are mounted on cantilever beams mounted on a retractable fire escape, in windows, balconies, a roof or a carriage movable along the cornice of a building, and for the possibility of changing the length of the conveyor at a constant length of the looped rope, it is equipped with a receiver of the unused length of the rope appearing in the form of two freely rotating multi-ribbed pulleys mounted on the carriage ki rope tension and evacuation of people made on suspended platforms, stretcher belts by their engagement for trailers installed on the rope.

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