RU2434057C1 - Vegetable oil decontamination method and line for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: vegetable oil decontamination method involves mixing vegetable oil and a hydrating solution, the produced mixture pressurisation, the produced mixture separation into fractions in a centrifugal forces field. Prior to the produced mixture separation into fractions in a centrifugal forces field the oil is subjected to vibration at a frequency of 20-60 oscillations per second. The line for the method implementation includes vessels with untreated oil and the hydrating solution (coupled with a pipelines system), a mixer, a pump, a separator, a mechanical oscillation generator built in before the separator. The mechanical oscillation generator consists of a mechanism, generating oscillations and designed in the form of an eccentric connected to an electromotor, and contacts the socket mounted on a flexible transitional hose. The socket is installed inside guides having a cavity in the form of a "П"-shaped aperture and rigidly fixed on a bed plate. The socket consists of two parts made of a composite or a polymeric material, located parallel to the bed plate and bound one to each other. From the bottom the socket is loaded with a spring fixed on the bed plate.

EFFECT: invention allows to enhance the process performance.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil industry and can be used for refining vegetable oils.

A known method of purification of vegetable oil and a line for its implementation (patent No. 2288948 IPC C11B 3/16).

The line for cleaning vegetable oil includes tanks connected with a pipeline system with crude oil and a hydrating solution, a pump, a thickener, a cavitation-ultrasonic generator, a generator made in the form of a housing, made in the form of a housing with slots with a conical nozzle and a reflector installed in it. The mixer is combined with the pump, an overflow valve is additionally installed between the cavitation-ultrasonic generator and the mixer pump, the valve surface, the surface of the reflector, the cavitation-ultrasonic generator are embossed, and the slots in the housing are made tangentially.

A method for purifying vegetable oil involves mixing crude oil and a hydrating solution, applying pressure to the resulting mixture, creating an oil-fat emulsion and further layerwise separating it into fractions by the settling method. The mixing of vegetable oil and hydrating liquid is carried out during pressure treatment, and the supply of oil-solution emulsion for fractionation is carried out through the air gap.

The disadvantages of the line and method are:

- insufficiently high productivity, since the process of separation into fractions by sedimentation takes place in a static mode for a very long time;

- cumbersome equipment due to the need for large capacities and areas under them.

The closest in technical essence is the line for the purification of vegetable oil, given in the book by N. S. Harutyunyan, E. P. Koreneva, E. A. Nesterova “Refining of oils and fats. Technological basis, practice, technology, equipment. " - GIORD, St. Petersburg, 2004, p. 126, Fig. 38. Figure 38 shows the complete refining scheme for vegetable oil. The first stage of oil purification, the purpose of which is the extraction of fatty acids, is our prototype. This scheme includes containers with vegetable oil and a hydrating solution, a mixer, a pump and a separator installed in the technological sequence.

The closest method for the purification of vegetable oil is the method of refining vegetable oil, protected by RF patent No. 2224786 MPK7 3/11. A method for refining vegetable oil involves mixing unrefined vegetable oil with an aqueous solution of a hydrating agent, exposing a mixture of unrefined vegetable oil and an aqueous solution of a hydrating agent, treating the aqueous solution with an alkaline agent and separating the refined oil from the sediment in a centrifugal or gravitational force field. The exposure of the mixture of unrefined vegetable oil and an aqueous solution of a hydrating agent is carried out for 0.5-2.0 hours. After exposure, the mixture is sequentially treated with an aqueous solution of an acidic reagent and an aqueous solution of sodium silicate with a density of 1.05-1.35 g / cm ³ and spend exposure for 0.5-2.0 hours, after treatment with an aqueous solution of an alkaline agent, exposure is performed for 0.5-2.0 hours, while mixing unrefined vegetable oil with an aqueous solution of a hydrating agent, exposure of a mixture of unrefined rac fatty oil and an aqueous solution of a hydrating agent, treatment with an aqueous solution of an alkaline agent, subsequent exposure and separation of refined oil from the precipitate is carried out at a temperature of 5-35 ° C.

The disadvantage of the line and method is the insufficiently high productivity of the process, due to the fact that when separating using centrifugal forces when filling the sludge space with solid particles, the separation of the heavy and light phases of the oil sharply worsens due to the fact that solid particles gradually settle on the periphery of the plates, narrowing the gap between them. As a result of this, the flow velocity in the inter-plate space increases, the turbulence of the flow occurs, solid particles get into the turbulence and the inter-plate spaces are gradually clogged, vibration occurs, and the work of the separator worsens. The separator is stopped for cleaning.

The objective of the invention is to increase the productivity of the line. The task is achieved by the fact that in the line for cleaning vegetable oil, including tanks connected with the piping system with crude oil and a hydrating solution, a mixer, a pump, a separator installed in the technological sequence according to the invention, a mechanical oscillation generator is built in the technological line in front of the separator, consisting of a mechanism that creates vibrations, made in the form of an eccentric associated with an electric motor and in contact with a clip mounted on a flexible transition discharge hose built into the oil supply conduit holder mounted in guides having a cavity in the form of a U-shaped cutout and is rigidly fixed on the base plate; the cage consists of two halves made of composite or polymeric material located parallel to the base plate, fastened together so that they tightly cover the transition flexible hose and have the possibility of reciprocating movement along the guides, the bottom cage is pressed by a spring mounted on the base plate.

The problem is also achieved by the fact that in the method for purifying vegetable oil on the above line, comprising mixing the crude oil and a hydrating solution, applying pressure to the resulting mixture, separating the resulting mixture into fractions in a centrifugal force field, according to the invention, before separating the resulting mixture into fractions in the field of centrifugal forces the oil is subjected to vibration with a frequency of 20-60 vibrations / sec.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a line for cleaning vegetable oil.

Figure 2 - design of the generator of mechanical vibrations (axonometry).

The line for cleaning vegetable oil consists (Fig. 1) of containers with crude vegetable oil 1 and a hydrating solution 2 connected by a piping system 3 with a mixer 4, pump 5, separator 6 and a mechanical vibration generator 7. A mechanical vibration generator 7 ( figure 2) consists of a mechanism that creates vibrations, made in the form of an eccentric 8, connected with an electric motor 9, and is in contact with a clip 10 mounted on a flexible adapter hose 11, the clip 10 is installed in the guides 12 having x a cavity in the form of a U-shaped cut-out and rigidly fixed to the base plate 13. The holder 10 consists of two halves made of composite or polymer material located parallel to the base plate 13 and fastened together so that they tightly enclose the adapter flexible hose 11 and have the possibility of reciprocating movement along the guides 12. The holder from below is pressed by a spring 14, mounted on a base plate.

The method is as follows.

The crude oil through the piping system 3 enters the mixer 4. At the same time, a hydrating solution enters the mixer 4. Then the resulting mixture under pressure created by the pump 5 is subjected to vibration on the generator of mechanical vibrations through a flexible transition hose 11 with a frequency of 20-60 vibrations / sec. Then, the mixture processed by vibration enters the separator 6, where the mixture is separated into light and heavy phases and is sent for further processing. When exposed to vibration in the mixture stream, particle density distribution occurs: solid and denser are grouped in the central part of the flexible hose 11 perpendicular to the action of vibrations, i.e. parallel to the working surface of the cage, and the lungs on the periphery of the flexible hose. The mixture distributed in this way is easily separated when it enters the separator: the light phase freely rises up the central part of the plates, the denser phase goes to the periphery of the drum without clogging the holes and surfaces of the plates, and solid particles enter the sludge space. The choice of the limits of the oscillation frequency is due to the fact that at a frequency of less than 20 oscillations / sec. the density distribution of the flow does not occur, but at a frequency of more than 60 oscillations / sec. flow distribution is already completed and no further changes are occurring.

Thus, due to preliminary processing of the mixture of oil and the hydrating solution by vibration before separating it into fractions in the field of centrifugal forces, the surface of the plates is less subjected to sedimentation on it, the inter-tray spaces are not clogged, the sediment is removed most quickly and efficiently, the separator's work is improved, cleaning periods are much reduced separator, accelerates the process and increases productivity.

Claims (2)

1. A line for cleaning vegetable oil, including tanks connected with a piping system with crude oil and a hydrating solution, a mixer, a pump, a separator installed in a technological sequence, characterized in that a mechanical oscillation generator is built into the technological line in front of the separator, consisting of a mechanism that creates vibration, made in the form of an eccentric associated with an electric motor and in contact with a clip mounted on a flexible adapter hose built into the pipeline under chi oils ferrule mounted in guides having a cavity in the form of a U-shaped recess and is rigidly fixed on the base plate; the cage consists of 2 halves made of composite or polymeric material located parallel to the base plate, fastened together so that they tightly cover the transition flexible hose and have the possibility of reciprocating movement along the guides, the cage bottom is pressed by a spring mounted on the support stove. 2. The method of purifying vegetable oil on the line according to claim 1, comprising mixing the crude oil and a hydrating solution, applying pressure to the resulting mixture, separating the resulting mixture into fractions in a centrifugal field, characterized in that before separating the resulting mixture into fractions in a centrifugal field forces the oil is subjected to vibration with a frequency of 20-60 vibrations / s.

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