RU2433511C2 - Shf switch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: in an SHF switch comprising two double tees and a nonreciprocal phase shifter (0°-180°) - gyrator, E arm of the first tee is directly joined to E arm of the second tee, and H arm of the first tee via the nonreciprocal phase shifter (0°-180°) - gyrator is connected to H arm of the second tee. Besides, the nonreciprocal phase shifter (0°-180°) - gyrator is made as controlled, and inlets and outlets of the SHF switch are side arms of double tees.

EFFECT: reduced dimensions, weight, simplified design and technology of manufacturing.

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Description

The invention relates to radio engineering and can be used in antenna-feeder paths for switching microwave signals.

A known ferrite phase circulator (switch) containing a waveguide double T-shaped connection, two controlled nonreciprocal ferrite phase shifters (0 ° -90 °) and a slot bridge (see description of US patent No. 4682126, MKI: Н01Р 1/10, НКИ 333 / 81 V).

The disadvantages of this technical solution are: large dimensions, the complex design of the electromagnetic control system, large weight and, as a consequence, low speed.

Known switch signals containing two directional couplers, between which are included two waveguide controlled phase sections. A ferrite insert is placed inside each phase section, and a four-pole magnetic system with transverse magnetization and independent control windings is outside (see description to USSR author's certificate No. 1529324, MKI: Н01Р 1/32, 1/10).

The disadvantage of this switch signal is its large longitudinal dimensions.

The closest known technical solution (prototype) is a circulator containing two identical double tees, while one side of the first tee is connected to one of the side shoulders of the second double tee through mutual and non-reciprocal ferrite phase shifters, and the other side of the first tee is connected to the second the lateral shoulder of the second double tee through a nonreciprocal ferrite phase shifter. The inputs and outputs of the device are the E and H shoulders of the tees (see the description of US patent No. 3668563, MKI: H01P 1/32, NCI: 333-1.1).

The disadvantages of the prototype are its large longitudinal dimensions, large weight and complexity of the design due to the serial connection of the elements and the presence of several phase shifters.

The problem solved by the invention is the creation of a microwave switch with small overall dimensions and more simple in design.

In addition, the proposed switch expands the arsenal of well-known technical means of a similar purpose.

The problem is solved in that in the microwave switch containing two double tees and a nonreciprocal phase shifter (0 ° -180 °) is a gyrator, the E shoulder of the first tee is directly connected to the E shoulder of the second tee, and the H shoulder of the first tee is through a nonreciprocal phase shifter (0 ° -180 °) - the gyrator is connected to the N shoulder of the second tee. Nonreciprocal phase shifter (0 ° -180 °) - the gyrator is made controllable, and the inputs and outputs of the microwave switch are the lateral shoulders of double tees.

The use of double tees and a change in the connection scheme of the tees, in which the lateral shoulders of the tees are the inputs and outputs of the microwave switch, make it possible to reduce its longitudinal dimensions, simplify the design, and therefore, reduce the weight and simplify the manufacturing technology of the microwave switch.

An analysis of the known technical solutions (analogues) found during a search of the sources of patent and scientific and technical information shows that the causal relationship between the totality of distinctive features and the achieved technical result is not known from the prior art. This allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The proposed microwave switch is illustrated by the attached drawings, where:

figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a microwave switch;

figure 2 is given a variant of its design.

The microwave switch (see figure 1) contains a first double tee 1, a second double tee 2 and a controlled gyrator 3 (nonreciprocal phase shifter 0 ° -180 °). The E shoulder of the first tee 1 is directly connected by the E shoulder of the second tee 2, and the H shoulder of the first tee 1 through a gyrator 3 is connected to the N shoulder of the second tee 2. The lateral shoulders of the first tee 1 form the inputs I and II of the microwave switch, and the side shoulders of the second tee 2 respectively, the outputs of the microwave switch.

In one embodiment (see FIG. 2), the microwave switch consists of two parts: housing 4 and cover 5. In housing 4, waveguide channels are formed, forming: the lateral shoulders of the first tee 1, the lateral shoulders of the second tee 2, E the shoulder of the first tee 1 and E shoulder of the second tee 2. The lateral shoulders of the second tee 2 are folded in the E-plane. The depth of each channel is equal to the size of the wide wall of the waveguide, and the width is the size of the narrow wall of the waveguide. The joint E of the arms is provided by the portion of the waveguide 6. In the cap 5, rectangular holes 7 and 8 are made corresponding to the N shoulder of the first tee 1 and the N arm of the second tee 2. A gyrator 3 (not shown in FIG. 2) is placed on the cap 5 and provides a joint H of the arm the first tee 1 with the H arm of the second tee 2. The gyrator 3 can be made, for example, in the form of a switched ferrite U-circulator, the third arm of which is connected to a short-circuited segment with an electric length λg / 4 (see the description of US patent No. 7280004, NKI : 333 / 1.0, IPC: Н01Р 1/39). In the first tee 1, matching element 9 is installed for matching the shoulder E, and matching element 10 is used for matching the shoulder Н. In the second tee 2, matching elements 11 are installed for matching the shoulder Н and plate 12 is used for matching shoulder E matching E and H shoulders known in the microwave technology. When connecting the housing 4 to the cover 5 and connecting the gyrator 3, the inventive microwave switch design is formed.

In this embodiment, the design of the microwave switch of the plane of geometric symmetry of the double tees are the same, but if necessary, they can be spaced. In addition, the lateral shoulders of the second tee 2 can be made in the same way as the first tee 1, that is, not folded in the E-plane.

When designing the microwave switch, the following properties of double tees were used:

- the signals in the E and H arms are equal in amplitude and in phase when a signal is applied from the first side arm;

- the signals in the E and H arms are equal in amplitude and out of phase when a signal is applied from the second side arm;

- the signals in the lateral arms are equal in amplitude and in phase when a signal is applied from the N arm;

- the signals in the lateral shoulders are equal in amplitude and out of phase when a signal is supplied from the E arm;

- there is no signal (decoupling) in one side shoulder when a signal is applied from the other side shoulder.

The microwave switch operates as follows. The microwave energy (signal) supplied to the input I (side arm) is divided equally and in phase between the E and H arms of the first double tee 1. From the E arm of the first tee, the microwave energy passes through waveguide 6 to the E arm of the second double tee 2. From H of the shoulder of the first tee 1, the microwave energy through the gyrator 3 enters the N shoulder of the second tee 2 and, summing up with the microwave energy H of the shoulder of the second tee 2, goes to the output A1 (side shoulder of the second double tee) of the microwave switch. The microwave energy from the output A1 is divided equally and in phase between the E and H shoulders of the second double tee 2 and, accordingly, enters the E and H shoulders of the first double tee 1. At the same time, passing through the gyrator 3, the signal (microwave energy) acquires a phase shift of 180 °. In the first double tee 1, the microwave energies “coming” from the E and H shoulders of the second tee 2 are added up and transferred to input II (the lateral shoulder of the first tee 1). When switching the gyrator 3, the microwave energy from the input I of the switch will go to the output A2, since the signals in the E and H shoulders of the double tee are equal and out of phase, and from the output A2, respectively, to the input II.

The practical use of the microwave switch design depends on the specific conditions: frequency range, operating frequency band, microwave power level. The interchanges between the channels in the frequency band are sensitive to the degree of stability of the amplitudes and phases of the signals passing through the various channels (similar to a phase circulator).

The proposed designs of the microwave switch, at least, have a shorter length (not more than 3 wavelengths) and a width slightly greater than the width of the waveguide of the corresponding range. At the same time, elements for adjusting the amplitude and phase of the signal are installed in the waveguide connecting the E shoulders of the tees. Adjustment of the phase of the signal in the N arms of the tees is carried out by changing the length of the channels by using appropriate gaskets.

Industrial implementation of the proposed microwave switch is not difficult.

Claims (1)

A microwave switch containing the first and second double tees, a nonreciprocal phase shifter-gyrator, characterized in that the E shoulder of the first tee is connected to the E shoulder of the second tee, and the H shoulder of the first tee is connected through the gyrator to the H shoulder of the second tee, while the gyrator is made controllable, and the inputs and outputs of the switch are the side arms of the tees.

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