RU2432295C1 - Ship hull with compartment provided with anti-collision protection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ship building, mainly, to sips with nuclear power plant operated on arctic routes. Proposed protected hull comprises sides, bottom, decks, bulkheads, casings with frames and hull protection elements made up of longitudinally directed rods. Said rods are made from elasto-plastic material and arranged in casings to move therein. Casings are secured on side outer lining in zone of protected compartment, for example, nuclear power plant compartment. Length of elasto-plastic rods decreases in direction from upper deck to bottom. Cross section of elasto-plastic rod ends is smaller than that of rod central parts by at least 30%. Kinetic energy of ship that gives the stem is absorbed by deformation of elasto-plastic rods thus preventing its stem from penetrating into hull of rammed ship.

EFFECT: protection of nuclear power plant compartment by standard means.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding, mainly to ships with a nuclear power plant (AEU), operated on the Northern Sea Route.

On the routes of the Northern Sea Route, the most probable is a collision with a vessel with ice breaking stem. With a permissible penetration depth of the ramming vessel stem, the hole in the side is located in the waterline area and above, since the upper part of the stem reaches the protective fence before the lower beveled part of the stem reaches the hull. In this case, only the freeboard resists the introduction of the stem, which makes the collision protection formed by the standard hull structures ineffective due to the small number of connections involved in the work. Thus, there is a danger of release of radioactive materials into the external environment.

Known technical solutions that provide some protection for the hull in a collision, for example, Russian patent No. 2231471 (priority from 12/10/1999, publ. 06/27/2004).

Closest to the claimed object is the hull according to Russian patent No. 2127206 (priority from 04.03.2.1997, publ. 10.03.1999), including the sides, bottom, deck, bulkheads, lining with frames and hull protection elements in a collision. In a known design, the hull protection elements in a collision are made in the form of rods horizontally oriented along the vessel and located around the entire perimeter of the hull cross-section (cables in a known concrete solution). Tension devices are located in the bow and stern, the ends of which are fixed to the body. The cables are located on the inside along the entire perimeter of the hull and at the same time pass through the holes in the set and transverse bulkheads.

The effectiveness of protection in a known solution is measured by the ratio of its mass to energy, which is absorbed by it when braking a ramming vessel to a given penetration depth. In this case, the problem of maintaining the strength of the hull after the ram is solved, which is facilitated by the cables stretched around the perimeter of the hull, which, however, do not prevent the ramming vessel from penetrating into the hull.

Tightened cables cause additional compressive stresses in the longitudinal bonds of the housing, which leads to additional waste of material on their reinforcement to ensure strength and stability. When the case is compressed by cables, additional stresses arise in the on-board set of extremities from the load due to the curvature of the waterlines, which ultimately leads to the destruction of the structure. Passing the cables through the holes in the transverse bulkheads creates a real threat of water penetrating into adjacent compartments when receiving holes. In addition, special tensioning devices are needed, which complicates the design and manufacturing technology.

The proposed technical solution aims to protect the hull from collision in a certain area, for example, in the area of the reactor compartment, without changing the standard hull structures, and to protect the environment from pollution.

The hull of the vessel with protection against collision compartment includes side, bottom, deck, bulkheads, lining with frames and hull protection elements in the form of longitudinally oriented rods.

New in the claimed design is the installation of longitudinally oriented rods made of elastoplastic in the casings with the possibility of moving into them, the casings are fixed to the outer skin of the sides in the area of the protected compartment, the lengths of the elastoplastic rods in the direction from the upper deck to the bottom are reduced, moreover, the cross-sectional area of the terminal sections of the rods is less the cross-sectional area of the middle sections of the rods is at least 30%, and the middle sections of the rods located in the area of the protected compartment extend beyond ly of said compartment.

The problem is solved by the proposed set of essential features, namely: elastoplastic rods oriented along the vessel, mounted with the possibility of movement in the casings, mounted on the outer skin of the side, due to their tension, absorb the kinetic energy of the ramming vessel during ramming, thereby protecting the required section of the side. The length of the rods in the direction from the upper deck to the bottom determines the configuration of the protection structure on the protected section of the side, which allows to protect the desired part of the side without changing the standard hull structures.

The configuration of the protection structure in combination with the middle parts of the rods extending beyond the protected compartment limits optimizes the metal consumption without complicating the technology and without violating the standard case structures.

A specific example of the implementation of the proposed technical solution is presented in the following drawings.

Figure 1 is a view of the structure with the casing of the rods removed, figure 2 is a section aa, figure 3 is a section bb, figure 4 is the fastening of the rods on board, figure 5 and 6, respectively, the first and second stages collision deformation of the rod, where

1 - the side of the vessel,

2 - tank deck,

3 - upper deck,

4 - the second deck,

5 - the bulkhead of the reactor compartment,

6 - elastoplastic rod,

7 - packages of elastoplastic rods,

8 - end sections of the rods, thickness d,

9 - middle sections of the rods, thickness D = 1 / 2d + 1 / 2d

10 - stopper

11 - expansion on the rod.

12 - rod casing

13 - the bow of the ramming vessel.

In the proposed specific case, the ship’s hull with compartment protection in the event of a collision is a set of packages 7 of elastoplastic rods 6 mounted on the outer surface of the bead 1. Each rod is placed in a special casing 12 with the possibility of slight movement inside it. The area of the middle part 9 of each rod exceeds the cross-sectional area of the end sections 8, in this particular case, 2 times, and is made of two strips.

The thickness of the middle part of the rod D = 1 / 2d + 1 / 2d, where d is the thickness of the end sections. The end sections 8 have extensions 11 for fastening the rods using the stopper 10 to the side 1 of the vessel. The lengths of the elastoplastic rods 6 in the direction from the upper deck 3 to the bottom in this particular case are reduced according to the averaged inclination of the ramming rams (determined by calculation), forming the configuration of the protection structure, and the deformation qualities of the rods are used to the maximum. The middle sections 9 of the rods 6 are located in the area of the protected (reactor) compartment between its bulkheads 5. The ends of the sections 9 are somewhat outside the protected compartment. In general, the lengths of the rods may be the same and the configuration of the protection structure will be in the form of a rectangle.

The design works as follows.

The elastoplastic rods 6 oriented along the vessel, mounted for movement in the casings 12 on the outer skin of the bead 1, absorb due to their tension (a small gap in the casings 12 allows this) during ramming the kinetic energy of the ramming vessel. The process of stretching the rods 6 is divided into two stages. At the first stage, plastic deformation of the end sections 8 of the rods 6 occurs in the form of simply stretching to a level close to its exhaustion (figure 5). Moreover, the middle sections 9 of the rods 6, the cross-sectional area of which is larger than the cross-sectional area of the end sections 8, practically do not lengthen. Having reached the specified relative elongation of the end sections 8, the ends of the middle section 9 are engaged with special stoppers 10 mounted on the outer skin, and only the middle section 9 is stretched further. The ram of the ramming vessel 13 captures the rod 6 and pulls it into the hull of the vessel, which rams (Fig.6). The end sections 8 of the rod 6 throughout the deflection are not received, as they slide along the undeformed body. In the second stage (Fig.6) only the middle sections 9 of the rods are deformed 6. The end fasteners 10 of the rods prevent the end of the rod from moving towards the reactor compartment, but do not prevent the movement in the opposite direction due to the expansion 11 on the rod. When mounting between the rod and the end mount 10 is set determined by the calculation of the gap. This makes it possible to exclude the participation of the rod 6 in the general bending of the hull and thereby not subject the rods to fatigue loads and protect them from loss of stability from compression during normal operation of the vessel. The rods can be installed without a rigid connection to the housing.

Thus, due to the absorption of the kinetic energy of the ramming vessel spent on the deformation of elastoplastic rods, stem penetration into the hull is stopped and anti-ram protection is provided in the area of the protected (for example, reactor) compartment, without changing the standard hull structures.

Claims (1)

The hull of the vessel with compartment protection in a collision with another vessel, including sides, bottom, decks, bulkheads, lining with frames and hull protection elements in a collision in the form of longitudinally oriented rods, characterized in that the longitudinally oriented rods are made of elastoplastic material and are installed in the casings with the possibility of moving in them, the casings are fixed on the outer skin of the sides in the area of the protected compartment, the lengths of the elastoplastic rods in the direction from the upper deck to the bottom are reduced, when The cross-sectional area of the end sections of the elastoplastic rods is less than the cross-sectional area of the middle sections of the rods by at least 30%, and the middle sections of the rods located in the region of the protected compartment extend outside the said compartment.

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