RU2431528C1 - Method of separating loose mix in fluid and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods and devices for separation of loose materials and may be used in food, chemical and other industries. Proposed method consists in gravity feed of separated mix particles, exposing said particles to aerodynamic continuously increasing effects at acute angle to vertical line brought about by multiple flat jets and discharge of finished fractions. Note here that said aerodynamic effects are induced in conditions of resonance free-running motion of each jet and all jets in frequency of oscillation first harmonic. More light solid volatile fractions of impurities are graded to two independent fractions to force the finest fraction, together with greater part of air used for separation, to generation of multiple flat jets. Said solid finer fraction of impurities are accelerated to affect mechanically material being separated. Second coarse fraction of solid volatile impurities is continuously withdrawn, together with dust and remained air, in ambient air. Method is implemented using the device comprising hopper with vibrating chute, jet generator arranged there under with flat nozzles mounted one below the other and at acute angle to vertical line. Note that nozzle cross section height, spacing and mounting angle increase from top to bottom and that said generator is connected with air feed source. Said generator is surrounded by lateral walls to prevent air leaks from ambient medium into generator. Besides, proposed device separation chamber with collectors of fractions mounted above said chamber. Separation chamber outlet is closed by filtration element made up of rotary drum with sizing screen on its surface provided with cleaner of major solid impurities arranged on cleaner outer side. Rotary drum inner space is communicated with air feed drive, air being forced to generator of multiple flat jets. Cleaner is made up of slit confuser, blower and cyclone with wastes hopper arranged so that filtration element adjoins, with guaranteed clearance, to confuser cheek. One of confuser edges is equipped with cleaning element made up of mechanical brush. ^ EFFECT: higher efficiency of separation and processing quality. ^ 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods and devices for air or liquid separation of bulk materials and can be used in food, chemical and other industries, as well as in agriculture for preparing seeds for sowing and for breeding purposes.

There is a method of separating a granular mixture in a fluid medium, which consists in feeding the particles of the mixture at the same speed, exposing them to a uniform stream of air and removing the finished fractions [see A.S. USSR No. 1176976 in class B07B 4/02, published 07.09.1985 in Bull No. 33].

A device for separating bulk mixtures is known, comprising a fan with an outlet pipe, a loading hopper located above them and adjacent collectors of finished fractions with a device for screening light particles [see A.S. USSR No. 1763051 in class B07B 4/02, published on September 23, 1992 in Bull. No. 35].

In the known method and device, the impact of an air stream on an individual particle of the granular mixture is carried out once and only on one random side. Therefore, the quality (accuracy) of the separation process is very low and approximate. For this reason, similar methods and devices are used mainly for preliminary purification of the bulk mixture from light impurities, which is their significant drawbacks.

There is also known a method of separating a granular mixture in a fluid, which consists in the gravitational supply of particles of the mixture, aerodynamic monotonically increasing impact on them at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of plane jets and the withdrawal of finished fractions. In this case, the effect is carried out in the mode of free alternating force scanning with increasing amplitude and scanning angle. A device for implementing this method comprises a hopper with a vibratory tray, an air jet generator mounted under them with flat nozzles located one below the other and at an acute angle to the vertical, whose cross-sectional height, pitch and installation angle increase from top to bottom. In this case, the generator is connected to a source of supplying air under pressure to it, and the generator is also covered by the side walls. The device contains fraction collectors located under the nozzles [see US Pat. Ukraine №45881 for class B07B 4/02, published April 15, 2002 in Bull. No. 4, 2002].

In this method, the separation of the particles of the granular mixture into fractions occurs due to the difference in the ratio of their weight and aerodynamic drag. This method, due to the special regime of exposure to air jets on the particles of the mixture, is more accurate and more stable in time, especially when separating irregularly shaped particles. This became possible because the impact of a stream of a cascade of jets in the scanning mode allows multiple and multidirectional effects on almost every particle in the mixture.

But the known separation method and device have the following disadvantages.

The alternating and free operating mode of the cascade of jets inevitably leads to the periodic, unstable in time and space appearance of pressure and rarefaction zones in it with the appearance of forward and reverse flows. In the reverse flow zone, particles (especially light ones) are drawn into the movement opposite to the movement of the main air flow, which leads to partial mixing of already separated material with unseparated material. The instability in time of this phenomenon, in the end, leads to the opening (rupture) of the cascade of jets in any random place, which further enhances the reverse flow in this zone and as a result intensifies the mixing of the separated material with the unseparated one. In addition, the opening of the cascade of air stream jets contributes to disruption of generation (cessation of the oscillatory process), which significantly reduces the quality of separation, bringing it closer to the quality of separation with a conventional fan. These disadvantages of the known method are due to the imperfection of the design of the device for its implementation, in particular the design of its generator of air jets.

The closest in essence and the achieved effect, taken as prototypes are a method of separating a granular mixture in a fluid medium and a device for its implementation, the essence of which is as follows.

A method of separating a granular mixture in a fluid, which consists in the gravitational supply of particles of the separated mixture, aerodynamic monotonically growing impact on them at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of flat jets and the withdrawal of finished fractions, while the aerodynamic effect is carried out in the mode of resonant self-oscillatory motion of each jet and the entire cascade jets at the frequency of the first harmonic of the oscillations. A device for implementing this method of separating a granular mixture in a fluid contains a hopper with a vibrating tray, a jet generator mounted under them with flat nozzles located one below the other and at an acute angle to the vertical, the height of the cross sections of which, step and installation angle increase from top to bottom, and the generator is connected to a source of air supply to it under pressure and is covered by side walls to prevent air from entering the environment into the generator, in addition, the device contains a separation chamber, for which collectors of fractions are located, as well as each pair of adjacent nozzles, it is equipped with a resonant chamber connected to their inter-nozzle space. Resonance chambers, in turn, are equipped with a device for regulating their volume, and the ratio of the nozzle cross-sectional height to the installation step is in the range of 0.2-0.25, and the ratio of the upper and lower extreme angles of the nozzles is 0.65- 0.75 [see US Pat. Ukraine №60254 in class B07B 4/02, A01F, published July 15, 2005 in Bull. No. 7 for 2005].

The main disadvantage of the known method of separating a granular mixture is that it is carried out using an open fluid supply system for the separation process, in particular the air stream. In the known method, the air stream is sucked into the generator of the cascade of flat jets from the environment and returns there (to the environment) after using it to separate the granular mixture, but the "exhausted" air stream is returned, naturally, already saturated with ordinary dust and volatile impurities biological origin, which automatically gives rise to a number of additional side disadvantages inherent in the known method of separation, namely: worsens the health status of workers, causing pollution of the lungs, and it causes the appearance of undesirable allergic reactions (medical flaw), pollutes the environment and the room where the device is located (ecological flaw), despite the high quality of separation, the commercial attractiveness of the known method is still reduced due to the presence of a constant dense cloud of dust in the area of operation of the separation device (economic disadvantage), and can even cause fires, destruction of premises, equipment and lead to casualties due to the explosiveness of the air-dust mixture when to reach the appropriate concentration in the room, which, in turn, causes the device users to use a powerful ventilation system, which, in general, reflects the worse on the cost of the finished (the separated) grain products as a result of growth in the value of production equipment and improve energy.

The second significant and, apparently, the most important drawback of the known method for separating a granular mixture is manifested when it is used in agriculture (predominant use) when cleaning and separating seeds or grains of crops into fractions, since when using it it is impossible to clean the grains from the adhesive dust layer, which sufficiently tightly wraps the entire surface of each grain, which can clearly be seen during the loading of the separated grain material into containers (bags, bins, truck body and etc.): a thick cloud of dust appears, but this dust is of a different origin. When pouring the separated grain material, the grains collide with each other and mechanically, due to friction, clean the adhesive dust layer from each other, which forms a dust cloud during overloading of the separated grain material. The presence of a dust cloud during overloading of the separated grain material, in fact, is direct evidence of the impossibility of cleaning the grains from the adhesive dust layer in a known manner, in particular aerodynamic, for this there is insufficient air flow power. It is not possible to increase the power of the air flow, since the quality of the separation of grain material into fractions sharply decreases, since the power of the air flow is interrelated with the physical properties of the granular mixture, and therefore it is precisely calculated taking into account the size and weight of the separated material. Since the grain material cannot be cleaned aerodynamically during separation by acting on it with a cascade of flat jets, it remains only to mechanically affect the grains, but the known method cannot exert such influence, since such a technological operation is not provided for in it.

Therefore, the known method of separating a granular mixture in a fluid allows sufficiently high-quality separation of the grain material into several fractions, but it cannot completely clean it from the adhesive layer of dust, which subsequently creates a number of rather dangerous problems noted above.

All of the listed disadvantages of the method of separating a granular mixture in a fluid are due to the structural imperfection of the device with which it is carried out. The design of the device does not include a filter unit for cleaning the air stream leaving the separation chamber from contaminants and dust, which together form a dangerous cloud near the device during its operation. However, equipping a known device with a filter assembly of any known design automatically increases the energy intensity of the separation process due to a corresponding increase in the power of the drive supplying the generator with air under pressure, depending on the density of the filter element, which is resistant to air flow. For this reason, equipping the device with a filter assembly is unacceptable from the point of view of economic and energy indicators of the known separation method. In addition, conventional filter elements do not solve the problem of cleaning the grain material from the adhesive dust layer, since they in no way mechanically affect it due to the fact that the separated material simply does not collide with the filter element, since it enters the fraction collectors located as usually closer than filters, that is, the separated material simply does not reach the filters. Therefore, any means for mechanical cleaning of the grain material from the adhesive layer of dust in the design of the known device is not provided, which is its main drawback.

Thus, the disadvantages inherent in the known method of separation of a granular mixture in a fluid are in causal connection with the structural disadvantages of the device with which it is carried out.

The invention is based on the task of eliminating the above disadvantages by creating a method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid and a device for its implementation by expanding technical and functional capabilities by equipping the device with a recovery unit for part of the air flow while saturating it with calibrated solid impurities for the simultaneous implementation of the cleaning process grain material from the adhesive layer of dust and its separation into separate fractions.

The problem is solved in that in the method of separating a granular mixture in a fluid, consisting in the gravitational supply of particles of the separated mixture, aerodynamic monotonically growing action on them at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of flat jets and the withdrawal of finished fractions, while the aerodynamic effect is carried out in resonant mode self-oscillatory motion of each jet and the entire cascade of jets at the frequency of the first harmonic of oscillations, according to the proposal, the lightest solid volatile fractions of potassium impurities they are shaved into two separate fractions in size and the smallest of them, together with most of the air stream already used for separation, is returned to form a cascade of flat jets in which the specified fine fine fraction of impurities is accelerated for mechanical action on the separated material, as well as the second non-passing, a larger fraction of solid volatile impurities, together with dust and the remaining air stream, is continuously removed to the environment.

The solution to this problem is also achieved by the fact that in the known device for implementing the proposed method for separating granular mixture in a fluid containing a hopper with a vibrating tray, a jet generator mounted under them with flat nozzles located one below the other and at an acute angle to the vertical, the height of the cross sections which, the pitch and installation angle increase from top to bottom, and the generator is connected to a source of pressurized air and covered by side walls to prevent air from entering the surroundings of medium to the generator, in addition, the device contains a separating chamber, under which fraction collectors are located, according to the proposal, the output of the separating chamber is blocked by a filter element made in the form of a rotating drum with a calibrating sieve on the surface, which is equipped on the outside with a cleaner of impenetrable solid impurities, the internal cavity of the rotating drum is connected to the drive for supplying air under pressure to the generator of the cascade of flat jets, and the cleaner is made in the form of a series of laid slit converger fan and cyclone waste bin arranged so that the filter element is adjacent to the clearance gap converging tube, one of whose edges is provided with a cleaning element made, e.g., as a mechanical brush.

As an embodiment of the device, the last fraction collector, designed to collect non-volatile waste from the separation process, and the hopper for the volatile waste of the cyclone can be combined with each other in a single design.

A distinctive feature of the proposed method is the reuse of most of the air stream, previously cleaned from mechanical impurities of large (impassable through the sieve) impurities and dust using a filter element, and the saturation of this part of the air with calibrated solid impurities of fine volatile fraction used as a means for mechanical purification of grain material from the adhesive layer of dust by collision of accelerated specified impurities with grains, similar to the process sandblasting (cleaning) conventional metal materials. The proposed method of separation, on the one hand, allows you to completely eliminate environmental pollution or premises, to exclude a noticeable movement of air masses outside the device, to obtain a separation process environmentally friendly, and on the other hand, allows mechanical impact on the grain separated material with solid accelerated impurities that destroy in a collision, an adhesive layer of dust on the grain material. In this case, both processes — grain separation into fractions and its purification — occur, firstly, simultaneously, and secondly, in the same place - in the separation chamber. Due to the recovery of most of the airflow already used for separation, automatic saturation of it with calibrated solid impurities without additional energy costs, the use of a calibrating sieve as a filter element, the total energy consumption of the device for the process of separation of grain material into fractions and its removal from the adhesive dust layer is reduced approximately 30 times, and these technological operations occur without compromising device performance and while increasing the quality of the starting material of the grain cleaning.

A distinctive feature of the proposed device is its constructive ability to filter the air flow, return it to the drive supplying air pressure to the generator to form a cascade of flat jets and saturate them with calibrated solid impurities. At the same time, the filtering element in the form of a rotating drum with a calibrating sieve on the surface collects impassable particles of separated material and impurities on its cylindrical surface from the outside, and passing (calibrated) small solid volatile particles (impurities) that fall through the sieve into the middle of the drum return together with most of the air flow into the generator drive, forming a cascade of air jets, but already saturated with calibrated impurities for mechanical cleaning of the grain material dust adhesive layer. Performing a rotating drum allows you to automatically clean its cylindrical surface with a cleaner and suck it out with an air stream using a confuser connected to a cyclone and a fan, completely remove impassable impurities and dust from that part of the air stream that enters the environment.

The technical result of the invention is to obtain a new process for the simultaneous separation and purification of grain material due to the presence of a closed air system formed due to structural changes of the device for implementing the proposed method, with a small outlet to the environment of a completely purified air flow, the power of which is already hardly noticeable and safe for workers and personnel and can no longer cause any inconvenience to them, and the technical result is to obtain medium CTBA mechanical treatment of the grain material from the adhesive layer of dust in the form of calibrated solid impurities derived from the separated material itself, due to the use of the filter element in a device of special design, i.e. no additional material is used for cleaning the grains. At the same time, the quality of material separation during multifractional separation by mass, density or specific gravity does not decrease, and the quality of cleaning grain material increases significantly.

Therefore, a change in the principle of using most of the air flow, the principle of obtaining a means for cleaning grain material in a confined space by means of its recovery and partial cleaning entails the expansion of technical and operational capabilities of the device.

Thus, the entire set of essential features of the proposed technical solution ensures the achievement of the goal of the invention.

A further summary of the invention is illustrated in conjunction with illustrative material, which shows the following: FIG. 1 is a diagram of a device for implementing the proposed separation method, a side view with a section for a better view of the structure; figure 2 is the same, a top view. Small black dots show calibrated solid impurities, transparent ovals show grains of separated material. The single arrows show the movement of the air flow in the device, the double arrows show the return of a part of the air flow to the generator for re-forming from it a cascade of flat jets for separation.

A device for separating a granular mixture in a fluid medium consists of a hopper 1 with a vibratory tray 2 for gravitational supply of particles to the separation zone. A jet generator 3 is installed under the vibratory tray 2, which is a closed volume with a set of a number of plane nozzles 4, designed to form a cascade of plane air jets and located one below the other and at an acute angle to the vertical. The height of the cross sections of the nozzles 4, the pitch and the installation angle increase from top to bottom. The jet generator 3 is aerodynamically coupled to a drive 5 for supplying pressure air to it. A separating chamber 6 is adjacent to the generator 3 from the nozzle 4 side, which is a closed volume formed by the side and upper walls. Under the separating chamber 6 are collections of fractions 7.

At the end of the separation chamber 6, that is, on the opposite side from the jet generator 3, there is a filter element having a design in the form of a rotating cylindrical drum 8 with a calibrating sieve 9 (directly filter) on its cylindrical surface. One end of the drum 8 is also closed by a calibrating sieve 9 and connected to the drive of its rotation 10. The second end of the drum 8 is open and adjacent to it is the duct 11, the opposite end of which is adjacent to the drive 5 for supplying air under pressure to the jet generator 3. The air stream cleaner impurities that are not passing through the calibrating sieve 9 are made in the form of a successive slotted confuser 12, a fan 13 for suction, and a cyclone 14 with a hopper 15 for collecting air purification products. The slit of the confuser 12 adjoins with a guaranteed clearance directly to the calibrating sieve 9 of the rotating drum 8. One of the edges (no matter what) of the slit of the confuser 12 is equipped with a scraper 16, made, for example, in the form of a conventional mechanical brush with bristles.

The method of separation of a granular mixture in a fluid using the proposed device is as follows (for example, the separation of grain material).

The grain material is loaded into the hopper 1. Then carry out the gravitational feed of grains 17 of the separated material into the separating chamber 6 from the side of the nozzles 4. To carry out this operation, use a vibratory tray 2. Grains 17 in free fall are subjected to an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of plane jets in the mode of developed turbulence of the generator 3, which is formed due to the curvature of the jets during their expansion in the nozzles 4. At the exit of the separating chamber 6 is contaminated with dust and mechanical impurities of different Ibra airflow abuts the rotating drum 8, which almost completely covers the output of the separating chamber 6, since almost equals its width. The air flow penetrates through the calibrating sieve 9 into the inside of the rotating drum 8, and solid impurities of impassable size remain on the drum 8 (on the surface of the calibrating sieve 9). Thus, the air stream is cleaned from large impurities and partially from ordinary dust. Through the sieve 9, solid impurities 18 pass together with a part of the air flow into the inside of the rotating drum 8. This part of the air flow, together with calibrated solid impurities 18, enters the air duct 11 and through it returns to the drive 5, almost forcibly, through the exhaustion of air from the air duct 11 by the drive 5. Since the drum 8 rotates, its surface (sizing sieve 9) is constantly cleaned of impenetrable mechanical impurities with the help of a scraper 16. All waste from the separation process and contamination fall into Spruce converger 12 due to suctioning of the air flow, the fan 13, and further enter the cyclone 14 where are separated from the air and hence fall into the hopper 15 for collecting them. From cyclone 14, completely purified air enters the environment with a weakly powerful, almost imperceptible, stream.

The part of the air flow returned to drive 5 together with calibrated solid impurities 18 enters the jet generator 13, from where it is fed to nozzles 4, where the calibrated solid impurities 18 are accelerated by a cascade of plane air jets. Accelerated calibrated solid impurities 18, colliding with the grains 17 of the material, destroy the adhesive layer of dust on their surface, which is separated and enters the air stream, and the cleaned grains 17 are divided into fractions and fall into the respective fraction collectors 7. The exhaust air stream collides with a rotating drum 8, and the entire process of recovering part of the air stream to saturate it with calibrated solid impurities 18 is repeated.

A significant difference between the proposed technical solution and the previously known solutions is the recovery of part of the air stream and its saturation with calibrated solid impurities removed from the material to be separated, as well as the fact that the device is equipped with a filter element in the form of a rotating drum with a calibrating sieve on the surface connected to a suction device in the form of series-connected confuser, fan and cyclone. These differences together allow not only to qualitatively separate the granular mixture into separate fractions, but also to mechanically clean it of the adhesive layer of dust through mechanical action on particles with accelerated calibrated solid impurities and this is how to obtain a qualitatively purified separation product. None of the known methods of separation and devices for their implementation can have the indicated properties, because either they generally have no means for cleaning the particles of the granular mixture, or they have filters that completely purify the air, but more energy is spent for this than filtering through a calibrating filter sieve.

An experimental sample of the proposed device for implementing the proposed method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid during the tests showed that in the process of separation into fractions of a grain mixture, in particular wheat, with a productivity of 10 tons per hour, air consumption was 3600 m ³ per hour. According to the proposed design scheme for air purification, a fan power of only 2 kW is required. To obtain the same effect using a conventional filter element, a power of approximately 60 kW is required, that is, 30 times greater.

The proposed technical solution is tested in practice, consists of ordinary parts and assemblies, does not contain elements or processes that could not be reproduced at the present stage of development of science and technology, which implies that it is industrially suitable. In the known sources of information, no such separation methods and devices for their implementation for a similar purpose with the indicated distinctive essential features and advantages have been found, which is confirmation of the achievement of the noted technical result, and therefore it is considered such that they can receive legal protection.

The technical advantages of the proposed technical solution in comparison with the prototype include the following:

- cleaning of the grain material from the adhesive layer of dust due to mechanical influence on it with calibrated solid impurities;

- a combination of processes of separation into fractions and purification in time and space due to saturation of the air flow with calibrated solid impurities;

- reducing the absorption of air from the environment due to the return of its part to the generator of the cascade of jets;

- reduction of energy consumption for air purification due to the use of a calibrating sieve as a calibrating element;

- improving the processing quality of the granular mixture due to the above advantages;

- expanding the technical and functional capabilities of the device by equipping it with a filter element and means for recovering part of the air flow;

- automatic saturation of the recovered part of the air flow with calibrated solid impurities due to the presence of a calibrating sieve;

- the stability of the processes of separation and cleaning over time due to the rotation of the drum and the constant cleaning of the calibrating sieve.

The social effect of the introduction of the invention in comparison with the use of the prototype is obtained by improving working conditions, eliminating the causes of lung diseases and the development of allergic reactions, not polluting the environment and the industrial premises, and increasing fire safety.

The economic effect of the introduction of the invention in comparison with the use of the prototype is obtained by increasing the commercial attractiveness of the device, which contributes to its sale, and due to this the introduction of environmentally friendly equipment into production, obtaining purified grain material from the adhesive dust layer, and reducing energy costs for cleaning the exhaust air stream.

After describing the proposed method for separating a granular mixture in a fluid and a device for its implementation, specialists in this field of knowledge should be obvious that all of the above is only illustrative and not restrictive, as presented by this example. Numerous possible modifications to the elements of the device, in particular the design of the drum and its dimensions, the use of material for a calibrating sieve, the shape and design of the confuser, such as a cyclone, the design and shape of the return duct, the scraper, can vary depending on the source of the separated material, the degree of air pollution, type and properties of contaminants and, of course, are within the scope of one of the usual and natural approaches in this field of knowledge and are considered to be within the scope of the proposed th technical solutions.

The quintessence of the proposed technical solution is that the air used to form a cascade of flat jets for separation is cleaned and returned for reuse, that is, it circulates inside the device for separating the granular mixture in a fluid and, moreover, it is saturated with calibrated solid impurities used as a means of mechanical action on the particles of the granular mixture to clean it, and it is these circumstances that allowed the acquisition of the proposed separation method and devices for carrying out the above and other advantages. Changing the proposed principle of recuperation of the air stream and saturating it with calibrated solid impurities to another naturally limits the range of advantages listed above and cannot be considered new technical solutions in this field of knowledge, since others, similar to the described separation method and device for its implementation, are already do not require any creative approach from designers and engineers, and therefore can not be considered the results of their creative activities or new objects intellectually th property subject to protection by protective documents in accordance with applicable law.

Claims (2)

1. The method of separation of a granular mixture in a fluid, which consists in the gravitational supply of particles of the separated mixture, aerodynamic monotonically growing impact on them at an acute angle to the vertical by a cascade of flat jets and the withdrawal of finished fractions, while the aerodynamic effect is carried out in the mode of resonant self-oscillatory motion of each jet and of the entire cascade of jets at the frequency of the first harmonic of oscillations, characterized in that the lightest solid volatile impurity fractions are calibrated in size by two independent The smaller fractions and the smallest of them, together with most of the air stream already used for separation, are returned to form a cascade of flat jets in which the specified fine fine fraction of impurities is accelerated to mechanically affect the material to be separated, as well as the second non-passing, larger fraction of solid volatile impurities, together with dust and the remaining stream of air are continuously removed to the environment. 2. The device for implementing the method according to claim 1, containing a hopper with a vibrating tray, a jet generator mounted under them with flat nozzles located one below the other and at an acute angle to the vertical, whose cross-sectional height, pitch and installation angle increase from top to bottom, and the generator is connected to a source of pressurized air and covered by side walls to prevent air from entering the generator from the environment, and, in addition, the device contains a separating chamber, under which cts, characterized in that the exit of the separating chamber is blocked by a filter element made in the form of a rotating drum with a calibrating sieve on the surface, which is equipped with an impurity solids cleaner on the outside, while the internal cavity of the rotating drum is connected to the drive for supplying pressure air to the cascade generator flat jets, and the cleaner is made in the form of sequentially located slotted confuser, fan and cyclone with a waste bin located in such a way that truyuschy element abuts with clearance to the gap of the converging tube edges one of which is provided with a cleaning element made, e.g., as a mechanical brush.

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