RU2428360C1 - Hatch cover opener - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to airspace engineering, namely, to airlocks. Hatch cover opener comprises cover-to-hatch suspension arranged on cover turn axle, cover turn mechanism with cover drive, rockers and tie rod, and sealing mechanism. Tie rod represents tube to joint at least three rockers together. Two of said rockers are arranged on tube edges to interact with cover by spherical bearings fitted in rocker grooves. Bearings run in axles fitted on cover boss bores rigidly fixed in said bosses. Third rocket interacts with cover via compression spring. One end of said spring thrusts against rocker annular ledge, while another end rests on bottom of cup said spring is arranged in. Said cup is arranged with clearance between cup edge and third rocker surface. Tube is fitted in bracket bearings located on tube ends. Tube interacts with drive arranged on one of said brackets via toothed coupling fitted in tube in symmetry about plane running through spring axis perpendicular to tube axis. Tube interacts also with contact device fitted on another bracket rigidly jointed with first bracket via power element.

EFFECT: higher reliability, reduced weight and sizes.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to space technology, in particular to airlock chambers of spacecraft, which are used to provide spacewalks or automatic devices from objects flying in space.

A device for opening a manhole cover used in manned spacecraft of the Soyuz and ISS type (international space station), consisting of levers for opening and turning the cover (see BC Syromyatnikov. Docking devices for spacecraft, Moscow, Mashinostroenie, 1984, st .22, Fig. 1.10). The disadvantage of this device is the uneven distribution of loads on the levers, also the cover rotation drive is kinematically connected to one lever through a gear transmission, and the mechanical connection between the levers is through a cover plate. As a result, skews of the cover relative to the plane of the junction with the main body are possible. Another disadvantage is the open gear between the output shaft of the cover rotation drive and one lever.

Also known is a hatch opening opening device used in aircraft (see SU, patent 4510714, class E05D 15/40, 1985), which is selected as a prototype. This device contains a system for hinging the lid on the hatch edge using swivel rockers and rods forming a parallelogram mechanism for turning the lid mounted on the axis of rotation of the lid, as well as a sealing system including a lid locking mechanism and a locking lock control mechanism.

However, the known design is not reliable enough because of its complexity, inconvenient in operation due to the presence of a large number of elements, and the bulk of the structure requires an unreasonably large space for its placement and has a large weight.

The technical result of this invention is to increase the reliability, reduce the weight and dimensions of the structure, as well as eliminate the skew of the cover relative to the docking plane of the housing.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the hatch cover opening device comprising a hinge hinge system for a hatch edging mounted on the axis of rotation of the cover, a cover rotation mechanism with a cover rotation drive, rockers and a traction, as well as a sealing mechanism, in contrast to the known traction made in the form of a pipe connecting at least three rockers, two of which are located at the edges of the pipe, and interact with the lid by spherical bearings installed in the bores of the rockers, while the bearings are installed accordingly respectively, on the axes located in the openings of the tides of the lid and rigidly fixed to these tides, and the third rocking chair, located in the middle, interacts with the lid by means of a compression spring, one end of which rests on the ring ledge of the rocking chair, and the other on the bottom of the glass in which it is placed moreover, the glass is installed with a gap between its edge and the surface of the third rocking chair, while the pipe, the axis of which is located in the plane of the junction of the lid and the edging of the hatch, is mounted on the brackets by means of bearings located on the opposite ends of the pipe, and interacts with a drive mounted on one of the brackets by means of one gear coupling placed in the pipe symmetrically to a plane passing through the axis of the spring perpendicular to the axis of the pipe and rigidly mounted on one end of the extension cord in the form of a cylinder, on the other end of which is rigidly a second gear clutch mounted on the output shaft of the drive is mounted, while the pipe also interacts via gear with a contact device mounted on another bracket connected of a tight to the first bracket by the actuator.

The use of an extension cord, two gear couplings for transmitting the torque of the cover rotation drive and the gap Δ between the cup edge and the central rocking plane will allow uniformly pressing the cover joint plane to the hatch edge joint plane without distortions and capture passive hooks installed on the cover with active hooks mounted on the fringing of the hatch, and tighten the joints with the sealing mechanism. The use of compression springs will allow the flange of the lid to be pressed against the surface of the third rocker in the open position of the lid. The use of a contact device will turn off the rotation drive motor at a predetermined opening angle of the cover.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

Figure 1 - device for opening the hatch, a General view.

Figure 2 - device for opening the hatch, view A.

Figure 3 - device for opening the hatch in the open position.

Figure 4 is a section bb of figure 2.

Figure 5 - section bb in figure 2, in the open position.

Figure 6 - remote element B of figure 2.

Figure 7 - remote element G of figure 2.

On Fig - remote element D from Fig.7.

The numbers in the drawing indicate:

1 - cover

2 - drive

3 - hatching

4 - sealing mechanism

5 - contact device

6 - bracket right

7 - rocking right

8 - thrust

9 - power element

10 - rocking left

11 - bracket left

12 - a glass

13 - a bolt

14 - nut

15 - spring

16 - ring ledge

17 - central rocking chair

18 - coupling

19 - extension cord

20 - sealing gaskets

21 - spherical bearing

22 - axis

23 - cap tide

24 - coupling

25 - bearing

26 - gear

27 - cover flange

28 - drive

29 - cable

30 - drum

31 - active lock mechanism

32 - passive locks.

The hatch cover opening device consists of a hatch edging 3, brackets rigidly mounted on it - right 6 and left 11, interconnected by a power element 9, a rod 8 is fixed in the bores of the brackets with rockers - 7, 10 and 17 on bearings 25; cover mounted on the right and left rocking on spherical bearings 21, the outer rings of which are rigidly fixed in the bores of these rocking chairs, and the inner rings are rigidly fixed in the tides 23 of the cover 1 on the axles 22, as well as on the central rocking chair 17 by means of a bolt 13 with a nut 14 and cup 12 with spring 15; a drive 2 mounted on a bracket 11, the output shaft of which is connected via a coupling 24, an extension cord 19 and a coupling 18 to the rod 8; a contact device 5 located on the bracket 6 and kinematically connected through a gear 26 with a thrust of 8; the sealing mechanism 4 with the sealing gaskets 20 and the drive 28, connected through a cable transmission 29 with the drums 30 of the active locks 31, which interact with passive locks 32.

Moreover, as the contact device 5, you can use the "Block of terminal contacts of the drive" (see BC Syromyatnikov, Docking devices of spacecraft, Moscow, Mechanical Engineering, 1984, p.100, Fig 3.15), drive 2 can be made according to patent 2065542 "Device for communication of rotational motion ”dated 12/21/1988, as a drive 28 it is possible to use a“ Docking frame drive ”(see BC Syromyatnikov, Docking devices for spacecraft, Moscow, Mashinostroyeniye, 1984, p.81, Fig 3.5), active and passive locks can be performed according to “Locks for the docking frame” (see BC Syromyatnikov, Docking devices for spacecraft, Moscow, Mashinostroenie, 1984, p. 78, Fig. 3.3), you can use the body of the docking units as a hatch edge (see BC Syromyatnikov, Docking devices for spacecraft) Moscow, Mashinostroenie, 1984, p.77, Fig. 3.2), gaskets can be like seals of tight structures (see BC Syromyatnikov, Docking devices for spacecraft, Moscow, Mashinostroenie, 1984, p. 107, Fig. 3.22).

The definition of the gap And between the edge of the glass and the plane of the third rocking chair (see figure 5 and 6):

where Δ ₁ is the movement of the rocking chairs 7 and 11 while eliminating the bias Δ ₂ ;

Δ ₂ - the actual skew plane of the junction of the cover 1 and the fringing of the hatch 3 around the axis of rotation of the rod 8;

Δ ₃ - the movement of the Central rocking chair 17 while eliminating the bias Δ ₂ ;

R ₁ - the distance between the axis of the spherical bearing 21 and the axis of the rod 8 (see Fig.6);

R ₂ is the distance between the axis of the spring 15 and the axis of the rod 8 (see Fig.6);

- расстояние от края крышки 1 до оси сферического подшипника 21 (см. фиг.2);

- the distance from the edge of the cover 1 to the axis of the spherical bearing 21 (see figure 2);

- расстояние от края крышки 1 до оси пружины 15 (см. фиг.2).

- the distance from the edge of the cover 1 to the axis of the spring 15 (see figure 2).

To open the lid 1, it is necessary to open the joint formed by the edging plane and the lid plane due to the rotation of the active lock drums 30 by the drive 28 of the sealing mechanism 4, as a result, the hooks of the active lock 31 disengage from the hooks of the passive lock 32 and the gaskets 20 are depressurized. After stopping the drive 28, at the signal of the terminal block of the drive 28, the cover opening drive 2 is turned on. In this case, the rotational movement of the output shaft of the drive 2 through the gear clutch 24, the extension cord 19 and the gear clutch 18 is transmitted to the rod 8 and, accordingly, to the left rocker 10, right 7 and to the central 17, then through spherical bearings 21 and axis 22, spring 15 to the cover 1 and through a gear 26 to the contact device 5. The cover 1 opens at a predetermined angle and the actuator 2 is turned off by the signal of the contact device 5 and held in this state by the output shaft of the actuator 2 from moving relative to the axis of the rod 8 and the spring 15 from moving around about s 22. Closing the lid takes place in reverse sequence. Namely: the drive 2 is turned on so that the output shaft with the coupling 24, the extension cord 19, the gear coupling 18, the rod 8 with the rockers 7, 14 and 17 are rotated in the opposite direction. The docking plane of the lid 1 touches the docking plane of the edging 3 and there is a mutual alignment of these docking planes by eliminating distortions. The skew around the axis of the rod 8 is eliminated by turning the cover around the axes 22 when the spring 15 is compressed, and the skew around the axis perpendicular to the axis of the rod 8 is eliminated by torsional deformations of half of the rod 15. For example, when the right side of the cover closes first with the edging plane of the hatch, the right side of the rod 8 is deformed under the action of the moment developed by the drive 2, until the left side of the lid closes with the plane of the hatch border. After the junction planes are closed by a signal from the contact device 5, the drive motor 2 is turned off and the drive motor 28 is turned on, the hooks of the active locks 31 are captured by the hooks of the passive locks 32 and the planes are sealed by compressing the gaskets 20. The drive motor 28 is turned off by the signal of the terminal block drive contacts 28.

Claims (1)

A hatch cover opening device comprising a hinge plate hinge mounted on a hinge pivot mounted on a pivot axis of a hatch, a hinge rotation mechanism with a hinge rotation drive, rockers and a thrust, as well as a sealing mechanism, characterized in that the thrust is made in the form of a pipe connecting at least three rockers, two of which, located at the edges of the pipe, interact with the lid by means of spherical bearings installed in the bores of the rockers, while the bearings are mounted respectively on the axes located in the holes of the attachment willows of the lid and rigidly fixed to these tides, and the third rocking chair located in the middle interacts with the lid by means of a compression spring, one end of which rests on the annular protrusion of the rocking chair, and the other on the bottom of the glass in which it is placed, and the glass is installed with a gap between its edge and the surface of the third rocking chair, while the pipe, the axis of which is located in the plane of the junction of the cover and the hatch edging, is mounted on the brackets by means of bearings located at opposite ends of the pipe, and interacts with a drive mounted on one of the brackets by means of one gear coupling placed symmetrically in the pipe to a plane passing through the spring axis perpendicular to the pipe axis and rigidly mounted on one end of the extension cord in the form of a cylinder, on the other end of which a second gear coupling mounted rigidly the output shaft of the drive, while the pipe also interacts via a gear with a contact device mounted on another bracket, rigidly connected to the first bracket through a power item.

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