RU2426064C1 - Shell with volume-detonating mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: rocket shell includes head part, military part, cruise engine, axial channel, translating charge, bottom detonator, dispersing charge and retarder of initiating charge. Military part includes two dispersing charges, bottom and head ones, which are located coaxially in the form of piston group. Dispersing charges provide optimum exit of fuel-air mixture to atmosphere at simultaneous actuation.

EFFECT: maximum killing effectiveness of area targets with shell.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of development of weapons and ammunition and is intended to defeat areal typical targets.

The Russian army, as well as foreign countries, have incendiary and thermobaric shells, which in their purpose belong to the means of destruction of standard targets, which occupy significant areas on the earth's surface. In order to destroy them, artillerymen, rocket men and aircraft require a large amount of ammunition. The most effective and promising ammunition at the modern level is volume-detonating, which surpass the above types of shells in their capabilities and effectiveness. However, their design embodiment tends to complexity, and not to simplification, which is associated with their high cost and inappropriate use. Therefore, the invention proposed by the authors is aimed at optimizing known designs, ease of implementation and low cost of their production.

Known ammunition (RU 2344365 C1), which is used in the construction of warheads, bombs and shells. As the equipment of the listed means of destruction, a volume-detonating mixture is used. Inside the munition housing, between the dispersing and initiating charges, an initiating charge protection unit is installed, made in the form of a cylindrical body of revolution facing the tip of the cone towards the dispersing charge with a diameter of the cylindrical part equal to the inner diameter of the munition shell.

A paste-like combustible composition is placed between the front end wall of the housing and the initiating charge protection assembly. The dispersing charge is placed in a cylindrical case mounted coaxially inside the combustible composition. An intermediate piece is located in the bottom of the case. Moreover, the initiating charge and moderator are located in the rear of the case, and the detonation translators are shielded and pass through coaxial channels made in the protection unit in the dispersing and initiating charges.

A similar set of essential features of the analogue and the claimed invention include its purpose, the cylindrical shell of the ammunition, the dispersion and initiation units, and the volume-detonating equipment.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using a well-known munition include its complex design and small volume for a working product, a pasty volume-detonating fuel composition, which slows down the time the outflow of equipment products through the dispersing unit to the atmosphere.

The closest ammunition of the same purpose to the claimed invention in terms of essential features is a missile (RU 2197708), mainly guided, containing a head compartment; main engine with axial channel; a warhead with a bottom fuse, installed behind the marching engine, and a tail compartment. A volume-detonating and ignition-explosive charges are placed in its warhead, and a volume-detonating charge injector formed from the head compartment with the axial channel of the marching engine is mounted between the warhead and the head compartment.

A similar set of essential features of the closest analogue and the claimed invention include the general designation and design details of the ammunition. One of the reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below is the fact that the prototype also has a complex structural scheme and a small internal volume for equipment, which, in turn, affects the effectiveness of its use.

The aim of the present invention is to achieve maximum effectiveness in defeating areal targets with the least ammunition consumption, as well as eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prototype.

This goal is mainly achieved by simplifying the design of this type of ammunition, increasing the internal volume for equipment and using fuel-air mixtures for a volume-detonating product.

The essence of the claimed technical solution lies in the fact that in the proposed design of the projectile, air-fuel mixtures are used as equipment, which, when the shell of the shell is opened, reacts chemically with atmospheric oxygen, forming a finely dispersed explosive aerosol. This circumstance makes it possible to exclude the injector of volume-detonating equipment from the design of these shells. Dispersing charges are placed in the head and bottom parts of the munition in the form of a piston group, which, with simultaneous explosive operation, provide the optimal exit of equipment to the atmosphere.

The claimed technical solution is set forth using the drawing, where:

1 - marching jet engine;

2 - shell body;

3 - initiating charge;

4 - bottom detonator;

5 - site protection initiating charge;

6 - moderator initiating charge;

7 - bottom dispersive charge;

8 - axial channel with a translating charge;

9 - equipment;

10 - head dispersive charge;

11 - fuse;

12 - the head part.

The inventive volume-detonating projectile contains a mid-flight jet engine (1) connected by a thread to a cylindrical body (2). Behind the engine, an initiating charge (3) and its protection unit (5) are placed. The initiating charge is intended to bring the vapors of the fuel-air mixture into a combat state. A bottom detonator (4) and an initiating charge moderator (6) are located in the inner part of the initiating charge protection unit, which provides a time delay for the triggering of the initiating charge. Along the longitudinal axis of the projectile behind the moderator there is an axial channel of the translating charge (8), designed to actuate two dispersing charges - the head (10) and the bottom (7). The fuel-air mixture (9) is located between the dispersing charges and has an optimal roomy volume due to the rational layout. In the head of the projectile (12), the last element included a fuse (11), activating all the elements and nodes of the proposed design.

The principle of operation of the claimed projectile is as follows. Upon contact with the target surface, the fuse (11) initiates a head dispersive charge (10). At the same time, the detonation pulse is transmitted via a translating charge (8) in the axial channel to the bottom dispersing charge (7) and the moderator of the initiation charge (6). Under the influence of decomposition products of two dispersing charges, the equipment (9) is squeezed out of the shell of the projectile (2) through the shell of the shell that collapsed upon impact and, oxidizing in airspace, forms a cloud of condensate of the fuel-air mixture on the target. Upon termination of the initiating charge moderator (6), a thermal pulse is transmitted to the bottom detonator (4), under the influence of which an initiating charge is triggered (3). The gaseous thermal decomposition products of the initiating charge ignite a cloud of condensate of the fuel-air mixture, as a result of which an area of excess pressure and a high-temperature field is formed on the target.

Experimental work (in closed topics) with models of ammunition in which the proposed design is implemented showed their significant superiority in efficiency over thermobaric and incendiary projectiles in case of defeat of area targets. This circumstance justifies the real possibility of reducing the consumption of ammunition and their rational planning in modern combat.

Claims (1)

A missile, mainly guided, comprising a warhead, a marching engine, an axial channel with a translating charge, a warhead with a bottom detonator, a dispersing charge and an initiating charge moderator, characterized in that it uses two dispersing charges, the bottom and the head, located coaxially in the form of a piston group and providing, at the same time, the optimum release of the fuel-air mixture into the atmosphere, which eliminates the need to use injector in ammunition volume-detonating equipment.