RU2424984C2 - Device to treat industrial wastes and effluents - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to environmental protection and may be used for treatment of effluents and wastes. Proposed device comprises dehydration scraper conveyor, crosswise partitions, process water cleaning devices of two types, water electrical cleaning devices and device to adjust water bleed and discharge depth. Water cleaning devices are arranged in inclined trench that water flow at 0.35±0.10 m/s-rate. Said scraper conveyor is arranged at trench bottom to discharge dewatered slurry into filtration hopper. Water cleaning device are arranged in pairs, that is, louvers-type cleaner - electrical cleaner, and lengthwise finely-dispersed precipitation module - water electrical treatment module, total number of pairs making 6-12. Note here that electrical treatment modules voltage between electrodes varies with distance there between to make 2.5±0.5 V/cm and adjacent pair electrodes polarity being opposite. Positive potential of 10-12 V is fed to crosswise electrically conducting filter while negative potential is fed to scraper conveyor casing.

EFFECT: reduced costs and higher reliability.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to environmental protection and integrated treatment devices for industrial discharges and wastewater, can be used in various industries.

A known method of clarification of water [1], in which water before being fed into the process and / or withdrawn from the process and discharged to the sludge is subjected to direct electric current treatment with a voltage of 5.0≤U≤10 V for at least 30 minutes and no more than two hours. After using water in the technological process, its “memory" takes more than 50-100 hours to process water additionally.

The effectiveness of the effect on water is enhanced by 5-8 times if it is treated with a pulsating electric field with a duty cycle of 0.3-0.5 for a period of 10 s and under the condition of the ratio of voltage on the electrodes to the distance between them equal to 2.5 ± 0.5 V /cm.

A device for purifying process water from suspended particles [2], which includes a partition made in the form of overlapping parallel plates mounted at an angle of 40-55 ° to a horizontal plane with the inclination of their upper edges towards the flow. Each subsequent plate is separated from the previous one at a distance of 0.8-1.0 plate widths. The lower edge of the previous plate overlaps the upper edge of the next in height by an amount equal to 0.1-0.2 of the width of the plate.

The efficiency of the device increases by 5-10 times if water treated with an electric field leaks onto it.

A device for cleaning process water from suspended particles [3], which contains a frame with several sections. The first frame is made with a slope of the upper edge towards the flow of water and has steel strings. The second and subsequent frames have fingers in the upper and central jumpers. The plates cover the upper edge of the fingers, and the lower freely pass into the groove of the lower or side jumper. The plates are made of galvanized sheet with a bend of the upper edge by 180 °, and the lower by 30 °. The upper surface of the plates is covered with linoleum.

The self-cleaning efficiency of the longitudinal clarifier is enhanced by supplying water previously worked out by the electric field to the device due to a change in the ionic composition and the supramolecular structure of water.

A device is known for dumping and regulating the depth of water intake from the sump [4], the outlet vertical channel of which is closed by an external cylinder, forming an additional outlet external channel that is movable in height, the upper end of which is above the water level in the sump and is connected to the atmosphere through openings. The device has a screw drive to move the outer cylinder in height, on the lower edge of which a flange is fixed, eliminating the decompression funnel when water flows into the outlet channel. The device provides a discharge of water from the middle layers of the sump, which are not contaminated with a floating substance.

A device for the dehydration of bulk materials with a guard made of conical rings [5], which includes a housing of perforated walls, a housing bottom with a shutter and drainage gutters and a fence for the walls, characterized in that the outer and inner walls of the housing are made of two rows, vertically mounted rods, transverse beams and couplers, filter mesh (shpaltovy sieve with a vertically located slot), and the filtering (her) mesh (sieve) is rigidly attached to the outer row of rods from the inside of the tank And on the rods of the inner row capacitance hang enclosure made of conical rings, which are disposed in parallel planes and overlap one another. The taper angle of the rings is 60-75 °, while they are spaced from each other at a distance of 60-80 mm and overlap each other by 1/3 of their height. The device allows you to dump excess water by filtering it through the walls of the hopper.

A device for the dehydration of bulk materials [6], including a housing of perforated walls, a vertical tank and a housing bottom with a shutter, characterized in that the conical bottom is equipped with a drainage channel and the outer and inner walls of the housing are made of three rows, vertically mounted rods, transverse beams and couplers, a vertically arranged bobbin sieve, and the bobbin sieve is rigidly attached to the outer row of rods on the inside of the housing, and the rods of the middle and inner rows of the tank are develop a wall of a protective fence of a bobbin sieve. The width of the gaps between the rods in the rows is not more than half the size of the maximum piece of bulk material. The radius between the middle and inner rows forming the fencing of the bobbin screen is not more than three quarters of the gap between the rods in the rows. The rods of the inner row are installed in the spaces of the rods of the middle row. The device allows you to dump excess water by filtering it through the walls of the hopper.

A device for the dehydration of bulk material with unloading [7], including a housing of perforated walls, a vertical tank and a bottom with a shutter, a spring-loaded activator, characterized in that the housing bottom is equipped with a drainage channel, the walls of the housing are made of three rows, vertically mounted rods, transverse beams and screeds, a filter mesh fixed wave-like on the rods of the outer and middle rows, and an activator with a drive is arranged vertically along the housing axis, providing compaction of the bulk material and intensifying its discharge from the hopper. The rods of the inner row are installed with a gap between each other of less than half the size of the maximum size of a piece of bulk material. The rods of the middle row are located on the corresponding diametrical line of the rods of the inner row and the gap between them is the size necessary to install the screed of the inner row and mount the filter mesh. The rods of the outer row are installed in the spaces of the middle rods and serve for the wave-like fastening of the filter mesh. The activator is made in the form of a hollow cone, which is movably mounted on a rigid frame mounted on the upper part of the housing. In the lower working part of the activator, openings are made for supplying compressed air to the moist granular material, displacing water from the granular mass to the periphery. The device allows you to dump excess water by filtering it through the walls of the hopper.

There is a method of clarifying water in underground water collectors with mechanized cleaning [8], adopted as a prototype, in which mechanized cleaning is carried out by a scraper conveyor, the scrapers of which are equipped with rear cleaners that form cavities with scrapers and a split surface, in which the sludge is dehydrated on the bale sieves and carried out from the sump, providing transportation of sludge in the opposite direction from the water drain.

The objective of the invention is to reduce costs and increase the reliability of devices.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the device further includes a device for treating water with a pulsating constant electric current and a device for regulating the depth of intake and discharge of water, and the water purification device is installed in a trench made with a slope that ensures the flow of water in it at a speed of 0.35 ± 0.10 m / s, at the bottom of which there is a dewatering scraper conveyor, one end of which discharges dehydrated sludge to the filter hopper, and water purification devices have in pairs: “device for treating process water from suspended particles of the“ blinds ”type - electric water treatment module” and “longitudinal device for treating technological water for sedimenting fine particles - electric water treatment module” in the amount of 6-12 pairs, while in devices electrical water treatment, the deviation of the voltage between the electrodes to the distance between them is set at 2.5 ± 0.5 V / cm, the polarity on the electrodes of adjacent pairs is opposite, and the transverse conductive filter from metal chips and / or metal balls supply a positive potential of 10-12 V, negative supply to the body of the scraper conveyor, while containers for accumulating sludge and / or sludge are installed on the scrapers of the conveyor chain, and the filtrate from the filter hopper is returned to the receiving section, which ensures reducing costs and improving the reliability of devices that implement the method.

The general scheme of the device for the treatment of industrial discharges and wastewater is presented in the drawing, where the following notation is adopted:

1 - pipeline supply of wastewater and / or industrial discharges;

2 - a device for cleaning water type blinds;

3 - device for the electrical treatment of water;

4 - longitudinal device for water purification;

5 - a device for regulating the depth of intake and discharge of water;

6 - a device for unloading and dewatering sludge (scraper dewatering conveyor);

7 - transverse partitions;

8 - trench;

9 - filter hopper for receiving sludge;

10 - the pan of the hopper for receiving the filtrate;

11 - pipeline for the return of the filtrate;

12 - electrostatic precipitator;

α is the slope angle of the trench.

The essence of the method of treatment of industrial discharges and wastewater is as follows.

The treatment of industrial discharges and wastewater is carried out in a trench 8 made with an angle of inclination α, which ensures the flow of water due to gravity at a speed of 0.35 ± 0.10 m / s. Transverse partitions divide the trench into the receiving and working sections. Industrial discharges and / or wastewater are fed to the receiving section through pipeline 1, where immiscible substances and solid particles with a density lower than the density of water on its surface and higher than the density of water, accumulate on the bottom, which periodically discharge using a dewatering scraper conveyor 6, on the scrapers of which containers are installed that ensure the removal of settled sludge and the capture of floating particles.

Water under the partitions 7 enters the working section. Coarse-dispersed particles are deposited on the bottom of the trench in a louvre-type water treatment device by reflecting them from the louvre plates, tilted towards the movement of water. The process is enhanced by treating the water with an electric field in electric water treatment devices 3.

The process is intensified due to insignificant hydration of water with an electric field strength of 2.5 ± 0.5 V / cm, as well as when exposed to pulsating direct current for 6-8 s and interruptions of 6-12 s, allowing particles to settle in containers mounted on scrapers of the dewatering conveyor 6.

The deposition of fine particles is performed on the plates of longitudinal water purification devices 4 to reduce the path of their deposition, from where they are bypassed along the side channels into the containers of the scraper conveyor 6. To enhance the deposition process, electric field treatment is used, therefore, mechanical water treatment and electric devices are alternated.

The final water purification takes place on an electrostatic precipitator 12 filled with electrically conductive material (metal shavings, balls, metal filings, etc.), to which a positive potential of 10-12 V is supplied, and a negative potential is fed to the body of the scraper conveyor.

Water from the trench 8 is diverted to an external body of water through a device for regulating the depth of intake and discharge of water 5, and the sludge is periodically discharged into the filter hopper 9, from where the filtrate enters the sump 10 and is returned by gravity to the receiving section by gravity pipe 11, and the sludge is unloaded for disposal.

Information sources

1. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2031857. The method of clarification of water. IPC C02F 1/46. Patent. VNIIHydrogol. Author Stefanyuk B.M. Claim 08/12/1993. Publ. 03/27/1995. Bull. No. 9.

2. RF patent No. 2345815 A device for purifying process water from suspended particles. MKI B01D 21/02. // Positive decision No. 2006102739 dated July 4, 2008 on the application 200610273915 (002994), Russian Federation, Senkus Vas.V., Fomichev S.G., Stefanyuk B.M. et al .: applicant authors. - No. 2006102739; declared 01/31/2006; publ. 02/10/2008. Bull. No. 4.

3. RF patent №2329851. A device for purifying process water from suspended particles. Positive decision No. 2006102818/15 (003076) dated 12/18/2007. MKI B01D 21/02. Senkus Vas.V., Fomichev S.G., Stefanyuk B.M. et al .: applicant authors. - No. 2006102818; declared 01/31/2006; publ. Bull. No. 21.

4. RF patent №2334047. Device for dumping and regulating the depth of water intake from the sump. MKI E02B 8/04. / Senkus Vas.V., Fomichev S.G., Stefanyuk B.M. and others. Positive decision No. 2006102740 dated 04.04.2008 on application 2006102740/03 (002995): applicant authors; declared 01/31/2006; publ. Bull. No. 26.

5. RF patent No. 2361824 for application No. 2007118867/15 (020555) dated February 3, 2009. “Device for dehydration of bulk materials with a cone ring cone”. IPC C02F 11/12. Authors: Senkus Vas.V., Stefanyuk B.M., Senkus V.V., Kanakova N.I. and others declare. Authors. Claim 05/21/2007. Publ. 07/20/2009. Bull. No. 20.

6. RF patent No. 2362744 by application No. 2007118866/15 (020554) dated 02/18/2009, "Device for dehydration of bulk materials." IPC C02F 11/12. Authors: Senkus Vas.V., Stefanyuk B.M., Senkus V.V., Kanakova N.I. and others declare. Authors. Claim 05/21/2007. Publ. 07/27/2000, Bull. No. 21.

7. RF patent No. 2361642 according to application No. 2007118886/15 (020574) dated January 19, 2009. “Device for dehydration of bulk material with unloading”. IPC B01D 24/28. Authors: Senkus Vas.V., Stefanyuk B.M., Senkus V.V., Kanakova N.I. and others declare. Authors. Claim 05/21/2007. Publ. 07/20/2000. Bull. No. 20.

8. RF patent №2162004. The method of clarification of technological water in underground catchments with mechanized treatment. / Senkus V.V., Fomichev S.G., Senkus Vas.V., Fomichev K.S., B01D 21/00. Claim 11/06/1998. Publ. 01/20/2001. Bull. No. 2.

Claims (1)

A device for treating industrial discharges and wastewater, including a dewatering scraper conveyor, which provides transport of sludge in the opposite direction from the water drain, cross-baffles, two types of process water purification devices, sedimentation, accumulation and unloading of sludge, characterized in that it further includes devices for processing water pulsating constant electric current and a device for regulating the depth of intake and discharge of water, moreover, water purification devices are installed in a trench, in filled with a slope that ensures the flow of water in it at a speed of 0.35 ± 0.10 m / s, at the bottom of which there is a dewatering scraper conveyor, one end of which discharges the dehydrated sludge into the filter hopper, and the water treatment devices are arranged in pairs: a device for purification of technological water from suspended particles such as blinds - a module for electrical treatment of water and a longitudinal device for treating technological water for deposition of fine particles - a module for electrical treatment of water in an amount of 6-12 pairs, with this, in electric water treatment devices, the deviation of the voltage between the electrodes to the distance between them is set at 2.5 ± 0.5 V / cm, the polarity on the electrodes of adjacent pairs is opposite, and the transverse conductive filter of metal chips and / or metal balls is fed the positive potential is 10-12 V, the negative is fed to the body of the scraper conveyor, while containers for accumulating sludge and / or sludge are installed on the scrapers of the conveyor chain, and the filtrate from the filter hopper is returned to hydrochloric section.

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