RU2422762C2 - Method for removing capsules from cases of cartridges and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: method of simultaneous removal of initiating explosive and housings of capsules from cases of cartridges of small arms, which are subject to industrial utilisation, consists in the fact that inner cavity of case is filled with water, in which increased pressure is created which is enough for extraction of initiating explosive together with housing of capsule. Device for simultaneous removal of initiating explosive and housings of capsules from cases of cartridges of small arms, which are subject to industrial utilisation, includes catches for arrangement of cases, at the bottom of which there are holes for passage of initiating explosive and housings of capsules, water filling connection pipes to cavity of cases and movable pistons in axial direction and coaxial to cases, the outer diameter of which is close to inner diameter of cartridge case neck.

EFFECT: removal of capsules from cases of small arms cartridges at complete absence of mechanical action on impact-igniting composition of capsule and its deactivation owing to phlegmatising action of water on mercury fulminate which is initiating substance in impact composition.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of disposal of ammunition, in particular to technology and equipment for cutting (demilitarizing) weapon cartridges of rifle calibers.

The disposal of cartridges is an urgent task, since their shelf life expires annually for a large number of rifle cartridges, cartridges can become unusable due to external influences, and there is also a need to periodically destroy stockpiles of unused cartridges for outdated and retired weapons. From an economic point of view, it is preferable to keep the components of the disposed cartridges intact, which will allow them to be used both for re-loading cartridges and for other purposes. The best safety of these components is ensured by sequentially separating the cartridges into components without burning powder and initiating explosives, which, however, significantly increases the requirements for processing technology from a safety point of view.

One of the key tasks in this technology is the extraction of capsules from cartridges that are already free from gunpowder and bullets. In the known methods and devices, the capsules are first neutralized by incandescent or by burning under the influence of electric current (see Sevastyanov BV, Lisina EB "Automated devices for cutting shots of unitary loading": Armament. Politics. Conversion. M .: Voentechlit, No. 5, 1999, pp. 35-37).

Currently, there are no methods and devices for extracting capsules from cartridges of rifle cartridges without undermining the initiating explosive of the capsule.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for extracting capsules from cartridges of rifle cartridges without detonating the capsule initiating explosive.

The problem is solved in that the method of extracting the capsules from the cartridges of the rifle cartridges consists in filling the inner cavity of the cartridge with a fluid in which increased pressure is created sufficient for the capsule to be extracted.

It is advisable to use a fluid, in particular water, as a fluid.

Preferably, an increased pressure of the fluid in the sleeve cavity is created by introducing into the cavity through the sleeve of the sleeve of a cylindrical piston adjacent its outer surface to the inner surface of the sleeve of the sleeve.

For effective impact on the capsule, the cylindrical piston can be introduced into the cavity of the sleeve by a pulsed push, which causes a short shock wave, knocking the capsule out of the socket of the sleeve.

The use of a liquid, in particular water, as a working medium for acting on the capsule provides for effective removal of the capsule from the sleeve socket.

The problem is also solved by the fact that the device for removing the capsules from the cartridges of the rifle cartridges contains a grip for accommodating the cartridge case, at the base of which a hole is made for the capsule to pass, a pipe for pouring liquid into the cartridge cavity and an axially movable piston axially movable, the outer diameter of which is close to the inner diameter of the barrel barrel.

Preferably, the device comprises a plurality of grippers for sleeves mounted on a rotatably mounted rotor, to which said pipe and piston are mated.

In more detail the essence of the invention is illustrated using the drawing, which shows a fragment of one of the installation options for extracting capsules from cartridge cases of cartridges, which implements the present method.

A device for extracting capsules from cartridges of small rounds contains a conveyor 1 with a plurality of grippers 2 for accommodating shells 3. At the base of the gripper there is a hole 4, the size and location of which is such that capsule 5 passes into it. A fluid filling unit adjacent to the conveyor is made in the form containers 6 for liquid, mainly water, pipeline 7 and pipe 8, also axially movable piston 9, the outer diameter of which is close to the inner diameter of the barrel of the sleeve 3. Below the conveyor there is a collector 10 d To collect capsules and waste fluid, which through the filter 11, the drive 12 and the pump 13 is connected to the tank 6.

The conveyor 1 can be made in the form of a rotor mounted with the possibility of rotation, with which the mentioned pipe 8 and the piston 9 are paired.

Sleeves with capsules, previously freed from bullets and powder charge, are placed in slots 2 and are alternately led to a nozzle 8, which is transferred to the filling position so that its filling channel through the pipe 7 is connected to the tank 6 and the fluid flows from the sleeve cavity 3. Movement the conveyor 1 and the pipe 8 are synchronized using known solutions so that from the time of filling and until the end of the pipe 8 is exactly opposite the mouth of the sleeve 3.

After filling, the pipe 8 is transferred to the standby position, and the message with the capacity 6 is terminated. The fluid-filled sleeve is brought into position coaxial with the piston 9, and another empty sleeve 3 is brought into the nozzle 8. The piston 9 is driven and enters the mouth of the fluid-filled sleeve 3, whereby the pressure of the medium in the cavity of the sleeve increases until the liquid will not squeeze the capsule 4 out of the socket of the sleeve 3. At the same time, the sleeve is filled with liquid to the nozzle 8. The precipitated from the capsule and the spent liquid enter the collector 10 and are sent to the filter 11, where the capsules are separated from the liquid and, for example, vlyayut a collector (not shown), and the liquid flows into the accumulator 12, whence by a pump 13 back into the container 6.

After that, the piston 9 is returned to its original position, the sleeve 3 free from the capsule is moved further along the conveyor, synchronously with which the other liquid-filled sleeve 3 is supplied to the piston 9, and the next empty sleeve to the nozzle 8.

Thus, the present method and device provide the extraction of capsules from the cartridges of rifle cartridges in the complete absence of mechanical impact on the flammable composition of the capsule and its neutralization due to the phlegmatizing effect of water on explosive mercury, which is the initiating substance in the shock composition. At the same time, environmental safety of the process is ensured by eliminating the emission of harmful substances in the vapor state and neutralizing the capsule initiating explosive in a liquid medium, followed by demercurization of the neutralized composition at a specialized enterprise.

The invention is not limited to the presented examples and includes any variations and modifications that are covered by the claims of this invention.

Claims (4)

1. The method of simultaneous extraction of the initiating explosive and capsule bodies from cartridges of small arms cartridges undergoing industrial disposal, characterized in that the inner cavity of the cartridge case is filled with water, which creates an increased pressure sufficient to extract the initiating explosive together with the capsule body. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the increased pressure of water in the cavity of the sleeve is created by introducing into this cavity through the barrel of the sleeve of a cylindrical piston adjacent its outer surface to the inner surface of the sleeve of the sleeve. 3. A device for the simultaneous extraction of the initiating explosive and capsule bodies from cartridges of small arms cartridges undergoing industrial disposal, characterized in that it comprises grippers for accommodating cartridges, at the base of which holes are made for passage of the initiating explosive and capsule bodies, nozzles for filling water into the cavity of the sleeves and axially movable pistons axially coaxial to the liner, the outer diameter of which is close to the inner diameter of the barrel barrel. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the grippers for the sleeves are mounted on a rotatably mounted rotor, to which the mentioned nozzles and pistons are paired.