RU2420683C2 - Device for actuation of fluid medium and valve unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: device for operation with fluid medium consists of high pressure pipeline, of working chamber and of valve unit. The valve unit is located between the high pressure pipeline and working chamber to control flow of fluid medium from the high pressure pipeline to the working chamber. The valve unit consists of a main valve and auxiliary valve. An element of the main valve tightly contacts a valve seat. The auxiliary valve consists of an element of the valve transferred with an electro-magnet for equalising pressure on either side of the main valve by communication of the working chamber with the high pressure pipeline. Also, there is the valve unit for control of fluid medium flow.

EFFECT: valve, arranged on surface between working chamber and high pressure pipeline of device operating with fluid medium; valve opens when fluid medium is pressed and output shaft of device is immobile.

16 cl, 5 dwg

Description

This invention relates to a hydraulic or pneumatic motor or pump (device for working with a fluid medium).

EP-B-0494236 represents a mechanism for actuating electromagnetic poppet valves in a device for driving a fluid using pre-compression and pre-tensioning the volume of the working chamber to create a duty cycle of the device’s engine. The working chambers of the device are selected in real time so that the energy of the fluid with the ability to control is converted into energy on the shaft and vice versa, thus providing an adjustable bi-directional energy flow. The property of poppet valves is that fluid pressure acts on the abutment surface, which creates a large closing force. The duty cycle of the engine EP-B-0494236 is determined by the energy from the already rotating shaft to ensure the opening of the electromagnetic poppet valve depending on the pressure in the high pressure pipe. This requirement limits the use of this technology in conditions where the device already operates when the shaft rotates at a speed above the limit value. For applications requiring zero-speed driving, the duty cycle of the engine must begin by another means.

US-A-5735582 describes a solenoid valve assembly comprising a main valve and an auxiliary valve, wherein the auxiliary valve serves to open the main valve, counteracting high pressure. In order to open the main valve, fluid must flow through the capillary between the main valve body and the bore before the pressure is equalized. This means that it takes 200-300 milliseconds to actuate the valve assembly, which is too lengthy to use the fluid propulsion device.

The aim of the invention is the creation of a surface-mounted valve, placed between the working chamber and the high pressure pipe of the device for working with a fluid that can open while the latter is compressed and the output shaft of the device is stationary.

Accordingly, according to the present invention, there is provided a device for working with a fluid having a high pressure pipe and a working chamber, and a valve mechanism located between the high pressure pipe and a working chamber for controlling the flow of fluid from the high pressure pipe to the working chamber, the valve mechanism comprising a main valve having a valve member configured to provide tight contact with the valve seat, and an auxiliary valve comprising movable An electromagnetized valve element for equalizing the pressure on either side of the main valve by bringing the working chamber into direct fluid communication with the high pressure pipe.

Preferably, the main and auxiliary valves are integral, the valve element having an internal channel in communication with the hole formed by the valve seat, and the valve element moved by the electromagnet is configured to bring the internal channel into direct communication with the fluid with the specified cavity surrounding the valve element.

Preferably, the electromagnetically moving element comprises a spool valve element.

Preferably, the electromagnetically movable element comprises a poppet valve element located at least partially in the inner channel.

Preferably, there are primary biasing means for biasing the valve member toward the valve seat and auxiliary biasing means for biasing the secondary element to a position in which the inner channel is isolated from the surrounding cavity.

Preferably, the main and / or auxiliary biasing means comprise coil springs.

Preferably, the bias aid generates more force than the main bias.

Preferably, the bias aid generates more force than the main bias.

In addition, according to the present invention, there is provided a valve mechanism for controlling fluid flow from a high pressure pipe to a working chamber, the valve mechanism comprising a main valve having a valve member configured to provide tight contact with the valve seat and an auxiliary valve comprising a movable solenoid valve element for equalizing the pressure on either side of the main valve by bringing the working chamber into direct fluid communication with High pressure oprovodom.

Preferably, the main and auxiliary valves are integral, the valve element having an internal channel in communication with the hole formed by the valve seat, and the valve element moved by the electromagnet is configured to bring the internal channel into direct communication with the fluid with the specified cavity surrounding the valve element.

Preferably, the electromagnetically moving element comprises a spool valve element.

Preferably, the electromagnetically movable element comprises a poppet valve element located at least partially in the inner channel.

Preferably, there are primary biasing means for biasing the valve member toward the valve seat and auxiliary biasing means for biasing the secondary element to a position in which the inner channel is isolated from the surrounding cavity.

Preferably, the main and / or auxiliary biasing means comprise coil springs.

Preferably, the bias aid generates more force than the main bias.

Preferably, the bias aid generates more force than the main bias.

The valve mechanism according to the invention is operable since the working chamber is essentially limited in capacity and the leakage rate is limited by the amount of volume change during compression and leakage of fluid from the working chamber.

During operation of the device according to the invention, as soon as the pressure between the high-pressure pipe and the working chamber is equalized, it is possible to move the main valve element to the open position by force of small magnitude in order to perform the second stage of operation.

It is also possible and predominantly for a device of this kind with main and additional valves constituting a single unit, functioning as in EP-B-0494236. The valve starts with a two-stage operation mode at startup, continues during the low-speed operation mode and automatically changes to a single-stage operation mode with a pre-compression cycle, as the speed increases.

The invention will be described here in more detail only by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic drawing illustrating the general principle of the invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of a valve mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention in the closed position;

Figure 3 is a view of the valve mechanism of figure 2 in the first stage of action;

Figure 4 is a view of the valve mechanism of figure 2 in the second stage of action; and

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a valve mechanism according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.

Figure 1 shows how the device for working with the fluid according to the invention operates in the duty cycle of the engine. An electromagnetic, normally-open, surface-mounted valve 1 of the low-pressure pipeline, is placed between the pipeline 7 and the working chamber 2 of a cyclically varying volume. An electromagnetic, normally-closed, surface-mounted valve 4 of the high pressure pipe, placed between the working chamber and the high pressure pipe 6, is connected in parallel with a significantly smaller pressure equalization valve 5. The valve 1 of the low pressure pipe has its own poppet valve facing the working chamber 2, while the valve 4 of the high pressure pipe has its own poppet valve facing the high pressure pipe.

The following is a description of the full engine duty cycle using a two-stage high pressure valve.

At the beginning of the engine's operating cycle, the low pressure pipe valve 1 is in the open position, and the high pressure pipe valve 4 and the pressure equalization valve 5 are in the closed position. The pressure in the high pressure pipe 6 is higher than the pressure in the low pressure pipe 7. The pressure in the working chamber 2 is equal to the pressure in the low pressure pipe 7.

The engine duty cycle begins with the closing of valve 1 of the low pressure pipeline and a piston moving as soon as possible from a stationary state to bottom dead center. After that, the pressure equalization valve 5 is controlled to open. Valves 1, 5 in these positions, the pressure in the high-pressure pipe 6 and the working chamber 2 will be equalized. Once the pressure is equalized, the high pressure pipe valve 4 can be controlled to open. The working chamber 2 immediately connects to the high pressure pipe 6 and disconnects from the low pressure pipe 7 so that the high pressure fluid can act on the piston 3 and create torque on the crankshaft of the device due to downward movement. The pressure balancing valve 5 may close as soon as the high pressure pipe valve 4 opens or may remain open while the engine is running. Both valve 4 and valve 5 must be closed before piston 3 reaches bottom dead center. The remaining volume expansion of the working space, while the piston reaches its limit position, relieves pressure and allows valve 1 of the low pressure pipe to open. With this valve in the open position and the valves 4 and 5 in the closed position, it is currently possible to displace the fluid into the low pressure pipe 7, while the piston 3 moves to the top dead center position.

Figure 2 presents the pressure equalization valve in the form of a spool valve included in the main electromagnetic poppet valve. The fluid chamber 8 is connected to a high pressure pipe. Channel 9 is connected to the working chamber. A ferromagnetic moving pole ring 10 can slide along the base of the poppet valve 11. A compression spring 12 causes the moving pole ring to move toward the front of the poppet valve 11. The poppet valve 11 has a flow channel 13 connecting the fluid chamber 8 and the working chamber channel 9. The moving pole ring 10 closes the inlet to the flow channel when the moving pole ring 10 is close to the front of the poppet valve 11 and opens the flow channel 13 when it is removed from the front of the poppet valve, as shown in FIG. The poppet valve 11 can slide along the guide 14. The compression spring 15 of the poppet valve is used to move the poppet valve with force to its seat 16. The preload on the spring 15 is less than the preload on the pole spring 12 of the compression. The solenoid coil 17 is configured to create a magnetic flux to act on the moving pole ring 10 to the static pole 18.

The pole ring 10 moves axially when the coil 17 is energized. This pole ring acts directly on the pole spring 12, and if there is a significant pressure gradient between the high-pressure chamber 8 and the channel 9 so that the poppet valve 11 is held close to the seat 16, then the pole ring will slide along the poppet body and open the hole 13 as shown in FIG. This connects the two cavities and equalizes the pressure in the valve mechanism. As soon as the pressure is equalized, until the force of the poppet valve spring 15 is less than the force of the pole spring 12 within the displacement norm, the axial force of the pole spring 12 on the poppet valve body will pull the poppet valve 11 out of the seat 16 and open the main bypass channel for the fluid, as shown in figure 4.

With indicators of a long duration of the working cycle of the working chamber, there will not be enough time for this two-stage mode of operation to occur. In this case, the solenoid coil of the normally-open low-pressure valve 1 will be energized before the working chamber reaches its minimum volume, so that the pressure in the working chamber increases in a limited volume and is equal to the pressure of the high-pressure pipe and so that when the coil normally closed valve is energized, the moving pole ring 10 moves together with the poppet valve 11 and opens the valve in one step.

Figure 5 presents an alternative valve 5 pressure equalization in the form of an auxiliary valve 19 poppet type included in the main electromagnetic poppet valve 11 '.

The main action is the same as described above. The main difference is the use of an auxiliary poppet valve 19 for pressure equalization, rather than sliding the moving pole ring 10 to open the flow channel 13 '.

In addition, the pressure is higher in the fluid chamber 8 than the pressure in the channel 9 at the beginning of the engine’s duty cycle prevents the poppet valve 11 ′ from moving to the static pole 18. The moving pole 10 ′ begins to compress the pole spring 12 ′ and the disk spring 15 valve, so that it slides away from the front of the poppet valve 11 ', moving the auxiliary poppet valve 19 from its seat 20 and opening the flow channel 13'. When the pressure is equalized, the main poppet valve 11 'can open under the action of the pole spring 12', which is larger than the poppet spring 15. As before, the main and auxiliary valves move together “automatically” when the engine has sufficient driving force.

All forms of the verb "comprise" used in this description of the invention should be understood as forms of the verbs "consist of" and / or "include".

Claims (16)

1. A device for working with a fluid having a high pressure pipe and a working chamber, and a valve mechanism located between the high pressure pipe and a working chamber for regulating the flow of fluid from the high pressure pipe to the working chamber, the valve mechanism comprising a main valve having a valve element configured to provide tight contact with the valve seat, and an auxiliary valve comprising an electromagnetically movable valve element for equalizing pressure eniya on either side of the main valve by driving the working chamber in direct fluid communication with the high pressure conduit. 2. The device according to claim 1, in which the main and auxiliary valves are integral, and the valve element has an internal channel in communication with the hole formed by the valve seat, and the valve element moved by the electromagnet is configured to bring the internal channel into direct fluid communication with the specified cavity surrounding the specified valve element. 3. The device according to claim 2, in which the element moved by the electromagnet comprises a slide valve element. 4. The device according to claim 2, in which the element moved by the electromagnet comprises a poppet valve element located at least partially in the inner channel. 5. The device according to claims 2, 3 or 4, in which there are main means of bias for biasing the valve element to the valve seat, and auxiliary bias for biasing the auxiliary element to a position in which the inner channel is isolated from the surrounding cavity. 6. The device according to claim 5, in which the main and / or auxiliary means of bias contain coil springs. 7. The device according to claim 6, in which the auxiliary bias creates more force than the main bias. 8. The device according to claim 5, in which the auxiliary bias creates a greater force than the main bias. 9. A valve mechanism for controlling the flow of fluid from the high pressure pipe to the working chamber, the valve mechanism comprising a main valve having a valve member configured to provide tight contact with the valve seat, and an auxiliary valve comprising an electromagnet valve element for equalizing pressure on either side of the main valve by bringing the working chamber into direct fluid communication with the high pressure pipe. 10. The valve mechanism according to claim 9, in which the main and auxiliary valves are integral, and the valve element has an internal channel in communication with the hole formed by the valve seat, and the valve element moved by the electromagnet is configured to bring the internal channel into direct communication in fluid medium with a specified cavity surrounding the specified valve element. 11. The valve mechanism of claim 10, in which the element moved by the electromagnet comprises a spool valve element. 12. The valve mechanism of claim 10, wherein the electromagnetically driven element comprises a poppet valve element located at least partially in the inner channel. 13. The valve mechanism according to any one of paragraphs.10, 11 or 12, in which there are main means of bias for biasing the valve element to the valve seat, and auxiliary bias means for biasing the auxiliary element to a position in which the inner channel is isolated from the surrounding cavity. 14. The valve mechanism according to item 13, in which the main and / or auxiliary means of bias contain coil springs. 15. The valve mechanism according to 14, in which the auxiliary bias creates more force than the main bias. 16. The valve mechanism according to item 13, in which the auxiliary bias creates more force than the main bias.

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