RU2419536C2 - Wood sawing device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: frame 1 accommodates crossarm 2 with vertical drive. Said crossarm accommodates carriage 3 with sawing mechanism to displace thereon. Sawing mechanism comprises spindle 5 with circular saw 6. Spindle is arranged in casing. Engine 8 is secured on said casing by support element 11. Said casing is coupled with crosswise support 4. Crosswise support 4 is arranged in carriage to run about its lengthwise axis. Crosswise support 4 is made up of two semi axles with semi yokes arranged on opposite ends. Said semi axles embrace spindle element and are jointed together. Turning lever 13 is arranged on one end of crosswise support 4. Retainers 14, 15 are arranged on carriage wall on both sides of aforesaid end of crosswise support 4. Note here that shock absorber 16 is arranged on opposite end of turning support. Shock absorber 16 passes unobstructed through bore in bracket 18 arranged on carriage 3.

EFFECT: integration of circular saw and drive in one casing allows drive simplification and smaller overall dimension.

8 cl, 6 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to woodworking equipment and can be used in the woodworking industry for longitudinal and transverse sawing of wood.

State of the art

The prior art device for longitudinal sawing of logs (patent SU No. 2217299, IPC: B27B 1/00, B27B 7/00, 03/21/2002), containing a carriage with two saw units mounted on a frame with the possibility of vertical and horizontal movement, saw blades which are located in two mutually perpendicular planes.

Each saw blade is kinematically connected with its own electric drive. The installation of two saw blades and two electric drives to obtain horizontal and vertical cuts leads to an increase in the dimensions of the structure and an increase in power consumption.

These shortcomings are eliminated in the prototype device for sawing timber (patent SU No. 2145279, IPC: B27B 7/00, B27B 5/00, 03/23/1995), which contains a beam with a vertical movement mechanism mounted on a beam, a carriage with a mechanism placed on the beam horizontal movement. A transverse support is mounted on the carriage with the possibility of rotation about its longitudinal axis, bearing a saw mechanism, including a spindle with a circular saw. The engine is mounted on a carriage and connected to a circular saw by a belt drive and a bevel gear. The rotation and fixing of the circular saw is carried out by means of an articulated lever and a gas strut (pneumatic cylinder).

However, during the operation of this device during the passage of solid inclusions with a circular saw, mechanical vibrations occur that cannot be restrained by the existing rotation and fixing mechanism, the gas strut will quickly fail. In addition, the presence of a bevel gear in the drive of a circular saw provides for the supply of lubricant to this node, which leads to an increase in the size of the mechanism.

Disclosure of invention

The claimed invention solves the problem of increasing the operational reliability and durability of the device by reducing the transmission mechanisms of the drive of a circular saw and eliminating mechanical vibrations in the saw mechanism during operation, and also solves the problem of reducing the dimensions of the saw mechanism.

The problem is solved in that in a device for sawing wood containing a beam mounted on the frame with a mechanism for its vertical movement, placed on the beam with the possibility of horizontal movement of the carriage carrying a saw mechanism mounted on a transverse support mounted in the carriage with the possibility of rotation relative to its longitudinal axis, and including a spindle with a circular saw at one end, while the other end of the spindle is connected by a flexible transmission to the motor of the saw mechanism, according to According to the invention, the spindle of the saw mechanism is installed in at least two bearing units connected by a housing element on which the engine is mounted, the transverse support being fixed to said housing element in its middle part and provided with a pivoting arm mounted at one end thereof and at least two made on the wall of the carriage and spaced apart on either side of the installation site of the end of the transverse support with latches for its position, and a shock absorber is installed at the other end of the rotary support.

The technical result, namely the reduction of the transmission mechanisms of the drive of the circular saw is achieved due to the layout of the circular saw and the drives a single saw mechanism. The motor is mounted directly on the housing element of the spindle and rotates with it when reconfiguring the position of the saw. The constant location of the spindle pulley and the motor pulley in a single plane allows you to abandon the additional bevel gear, which provides for the supply of lubricant, and use only a belt drive, which in turn leads to a reduction in the dimensions of the saw mechanism.

At the same time, when solid inclusions get under the blade (knots, metal objects), a sharp lateral jump in the saw can occur. Since the motor is mounted on the housing element of the spindle, it will repeat its movements. Thus, the motor shaft and the spindle axis of the saw mechanism in the claimed design always remain parallel to each other, they do not skew, which could lead to damage to the drive. This increases the operational reliability of the device.

In addition, with rigid fixation of the saw mechanism on the carriage, the mechanical vibrations arising from the operation of the saw are transmitted to the entire structure, which reduces the durability of the device. In the claimed device, the mechanical vibrations in the saw mechanism are damped by a shock absorber made in the form of a rod, articulated at one end with a towing element mounted on a transverse support, the other end of an arm freely passed through an opening mounted on the side of the carriage parallel to the transverse support. On both sides of the bracket, springs are mounted on the rod, the ends distant from the bracket are fixed relative to the rod. Since the motor is fixed on the spindle body element and the body element is mounted on the transverse support, the shock absorber mounted at one end on the transverse support not only softens the runout of the saw blade, but also absorbs harmful mechanical vibrations of the engine. Thus, the invention improves the durability of the device.

Comparison of the invention with the prototype revealed a number of distinctive features in it, which determines the compliance of the invention with the criterion of "novelty." Analysis of other known technical solutions in this technical field did not reveal similar distinctive signs in them aimed at solving the problem, which allows us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "inventive step".

In order to achieve the manufacturability of the process of assembly and disassembly of the device, it is advisable to make the transverse support a composite of two half shafts, with half clamps at the opposite ends, covering the housing element and fastened together, while the other ends of the half shafts are installed in the holes on opposite walls of the carriage by means of sliding bearings.

The fastening of the saw mechanism motor to the spindle body element by means of a support unit containing two half-clamps covering the body element and fastened together, also ensures the manufacturability of the device and allows simplifying maintenance and repair work.

In the particular case of the implementation of the device, the mechanism for vertical movement of the traverse contains a shaft mounted in the upper part of the frame with at least two reels fixed on its opposite ends with flexible elements wound around them, a shaft rotation drive including a flexible gear and a flywheel, and a friction brake, moreover, in the central part of each drum a flange is fixed with a through hole into which a flexible element is freely passed with the branches located on one side of the shaft rotation, ensuring the possibility of winding onto a drum, while the ends of the branches of each flexible element are attached to the traverse.

Since the flexible elements are freely passed through the hole in the flange, they are self-centered relative to the latter under the action of the beam's gravity. Flexible elements have the same length, and the drums have the same diameter, therefore, when the shaft rotates, the flexible elements are evenly wound on the drums, and the beam does not skew during vertical movement.

The use of a chain transmission with a manual drive in the mechanism of horizontal movement of the carriage improves the convenience of servicing the device.

To ensure quick and reliable fixation of the carriage mounting position, the mechanism for vertical movement of the traverse and the mechanism for horizontal movement of the carriage are equipped with friction brakes.

At the same time, the device is equipped with means of horizontal movement along rail guides made in the form of roller bearings installed in the lower part of the frame, which allows it to be moved in the desired direction.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The device is illustrated by the following drawings, which show:

figure 1 - General view of the device, front view;

figure 2 is a view A of the device of figure 1;

figure 3 - carriage with a saw mechanism, top view;

figure 4 is a section aa in figure 3;

figure 5 is a section bB in figure 1;

figure 6 - section bb in figure 3.

The implementation of the invention

The device for sawing wood, shown in the drawings, comprises a beam 2 mounted on the frame 1 with a mechanism for its vertical movement, a carriage 3 with the possibility of horizontal movement is placed on the beam. On the carriage 3, a transverse support 4 is mounted that can be rotated about its longitudinal axis, carrying a saw mechanism, including a spindle 5 with a circular saw 6 at one end, while the other end of the spindle is connected by a belt drive 7 to the engine 8 of the saw mechanism. The spindle 5 of the saw mechanism is mounted in two bearing units 9 connected by a housing element 10 on which the motor 8 is fixed, while the spindle axis and the motor shaft are parallel to each other. The engine 8 is mounted on the housing element 10 by means of a support unit 11 containing two half-clamps covering the housing element 10 and fastened together. The transverse support 4 is made of two half shafts with half clamps at the opposite ends, also covering the housing element 10 and fastened together. The other ends of the semiaxes are installed in the holes on the opposite walls of the carriage 3 by means of sliding bearings 12. As bearings of the sleeve used sleeves of antifriction material. A pivot arm 13 is mounted at one end of the transverse support 4. On the carriage wall, latches 14 and 15 are installed on both sides of the installation site of the end of the transverse support 4, interacting with the lever 13 and holding the transverse support in the angular position necessary to install the saw mechanism with horizontal or vertical oriented saw. The other end of the transverse support is equipped with a shock absorber 16, made in the form of a rod, one end pivotally coupled to the towing member 17 mounted on the transverse support 4, the other end of the bracket 18 freely passed through the hole, mounted on the side of the carriage parallel to the transverse support 4. On both The springs 19 and 20 are worn on the side of the side of the bracket 18 to the shaft, the ends distant from the bracket fixed relative to the shaft. The mechanism of vertical movement of the traverse contains a shaft 21 installed in the upper part of the frame, two flexible elements 22, a shaft rotation drive and a friction brake 23. At the opposite ends of the shaft 21, drums 24 are fixed, a flange 25 with a through hole is made in the central part of each drum. Each flexible element 22, which is used as cables, the middle part is freely passed through the hole in the flange 25 with the possibility of winding on the drum 24, envelopes the guide rollers 26 and attached at its ends to the beam 2. The shaft rotation drive includes a flexible gear 27 and a flywheel 28. The mechanism of horizontal movement of the carriage comprises a chain gear 29 with a manual drive 30 and a friction brake 31. In addition, the device is equipped with means of horizontal movement along rail guides, made in the form of installed x in the bottom part of the frame 32 supports the roller.

The inventive device operates as follows.

The log is in a horizontal position. For longitudinal sawing in the horizontal plane, the blade of the circular saw 6 is installed horizontally using the rotation lever 13, and securing it with the right lock 15. In this case, the transverse support 4 is rotated clockwise, and the driving element 17 shifts the shock absorber rod 16 to the right. The spring 19 is pressed against the bracket 18 and dampens the oscillations of the saw mechanism that occur during operation. For vertical cutting, the blade of the circular saw 6 is installed in a vertical position, for which the rotation lever 13 is moved to the left latch 14. The transverse support 4 is rotated counterclockwise, and the shock absorber rod 16 is shifted to the left, pressing the spring 20 to the bracket 18. The location of the circular saw 6 is relative the processed material is regulated by the mechanism of vertical movement of the beam and the mechanism of horizontal movement of the carriage.

The inventive device allows for longitudinal sawing of wood in two mutually perpendicular planes with minimal energy consumption, is reliable in operation and can easily be reconfigured to the desired operating mode.

Claims (8)

1. A device for sawing wood containing a beam mounted on the frame with a mechanism for its vertical movement, placed on the beam with the possibility of horizontal movement of the carriage carrying a saw mechanism, including a spindle with a circular saw, mounted in the housing element on which the engine is mounted, while the housing element is connected to the transverse support mounted in the carriage with the possibility of rotation about its longitudinal axis, made of two axles with half clamps on opposite ends, covering the housing element and fastened together, equipped with a pivoting lever mounted on one end thereof and at least two made on the wall of the carriage and spaced apart from the installation site of the end of the transverse support by latches of its position, while at the other end of the transverse supports mounted shock absorber. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spindle and motor shaft are mounted parallel to each other and are connected by a flexible transmission. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the semiaxes of the transverse support opposite to the ends with half clamps are installed in the holes on the opposite walls of the carriage by means of sliding bearings. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shock absorber is made in the form of a rod, one end articulated with a lead element mounted on the transverse support, the other end freely passed through the hole of the bracket mounted on the side of the carriage parallel to the said transverse support, both sides of the bracket the springs are put on the rod, the ends distant from the bracket are fixed relative to the rod. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine is mounted on the casing element by means of a support unit containing two half-clamps covering the casing element and fastened together. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for vertical movement of the traverse contains a shaft installed in the upper part of the frame, at least two drums fixed at its opposite ends, at least two flexible elements, a shaft rotation drive, including flexible transmission of both the flywheel and the friction brake, and in the central part of each drum a flange is made with a through hole through which a flexible element is freely passed with the branches located on the sides relative to the flanges and on one side of the shaft attached at its ends to the traverse. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for horizontal movement of the carriage includes a chain transmission with a manual drive and is equipped with a friction brake. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with means of horizontal movement along rail guides made in the form of roller bearings installed in the lower part of the frame.

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