RU2419163C1 - Method of controlling traffic at intersection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: method includes clear division in time of intersecting traffic by periodically switching on and off traffic light signals allowing and prohibiting movement. A vehicle is deemed to be in violation if it crosses the intersection during a time period coinciding with the time the prohibiting signal is on and that vehicle is identified and necessary measures are then taken to prevent or warn on violations. The method is characterised by that time instants when stop-lines are crossed by vehicles in each traffic are recorded relative the duration of the prohibiting and allowing signals. The number and frequency of intersection instants, whose time coincides with the duration of the prohibiting signal of the traffic light, are used to determine the conditions for vehicles crossing the intersection and jams are detected on the intersection. If unfavourable conditions for crossing the intersection are detected, measures are quickly taken to get rid of such conditions and restoring movement.

EFFECT: high quality of controlling traffic and warning on violation of traffic rules by drivers.

6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of traffic control at an intersection.

A device for controlling traffic at the intersection of traffic lights, comprising a housing with a protruding edging, a front panel with lenses of three colors placed on it: in the upper part of the body is red, in the middle part is yellow, in the lower part is green, each with its own light source, the contour of each lens is made in the form of an individual geometric figure [1].

The disadvantages of this device are limited functionality. The device does not allow you to establish a violator of the rules of passage of intersections and does not contribute to the prevention of such offenses.

The prototype is a method of regulating the movement of urban transport, which includes an optical signaling of the remaining time of the glow of three green or red lamps, which are placed above the roadway in one horizontal row on different sides of the orange lamp. From the indicated time until the orange lamp is turned on, alternately after a predetermined period of time, two lamps of the signal color are turned off, starting with the one farthest from the orange lamp [2].

The disadvantages of this method are:

- the relative complexity of the perception of information, since it appears in a form different from the usual representation;

- the complexity of the implementation of the method, since it is necessary to make an almost complete change in the design of existing traffic lights;

- low efficiency from the use of information about the remaining time of the green or red light signal. This is due to the fact that, despite the information received on the time remaining until the signal changes, some drivers, being confident in their impunity, try to drive, while others start moving towards a traffic signal that prohibits it. This often leads to traffic accidents (traffic accidents), in which it is difficult to identify the culprit, since it is impossible to determine which driver violated the rules of the intersection. The video cameras used at some intersections are, firstly, expensive, and secondly, do not contribute to the prevention of offenses, since the information recorded with their help essentially helps to find the culprit of an accident that has already happened.

The objective of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages, namely increasing the functionality and improving the quality of traffic regulation, as well as identifying, recording and preventing violations by drivers of the Rules of the road (Rules).

The problem is solved in that in a method for controlling traffic at an intersection, which includes a clear separation in time of intersecting traffic flows by periodically turning on and off the traffic light signals prohibiting and allowing movement, the moments of the intersection of an imaginary stop line by vehicles of each stream are recorded relative to the duration of the prohibition and authorization signals , and by the moment coinciding in time with the action of the prohibiting signal, the violation of the passage of vehicles m means the intersection.

Previously, before recording, the moments of vehicles crossing the line that is separated from the imaginary stop line at a distance that allows the vehicle to stop at the intersection without resorting to emergency braking are recorded.

Violation in the form of a signal attached to the time axis is recorded on a storage medium.

Registration of moments is carried out in each lane of the carriageway.

Record the moments when vehicles cross a line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions.

The number and frequency of intersection times coinciding in time with the action of the traffic light enable signal determines the traffic conditions of the intersection vehicles.

The moments of crossing vehicles and pedestrians of a pedestrian crossing are recorded.

The prior art does not reveal solutions that have signs that match the distinctive features of the claimed invention and have the same effect as they, on the technical result, consisting in increasing the functionality and improving the quality of traffic control, as well as in identifying, recording and preventing violations drivers of the Rules.

The invention is reflected in the operations:

- register the moments of crossing the imaginary stop-lines by vehicles of each flow relative to the duration of the prohibitory and permissive signals, and by the moment coinciding in time with the action of the prohibitory signal, the vehicle violates the intersection;

- before registration, the moments of crossing the line of vehicles separated from an imaginary stop line at a distance that allows the vehicle to stop at the intersection without resorting to emergency braking are recorded;

- violation in the form of a signal tied to a time axis is recorded on a storage medium;

- moments are recorded in each lane of the carriageway;

- register the moments when vehicles cross the line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions;

- the number and frequency of intersection times coinciding in time with the action of the traffic light enable signal determines the conditions of the intersection;

- register the moments of crossing vehicles and pedestrians on a pedestrian crossing.

Registration of the moments when the imaginary stop-line crosses by the vehicles of each stream with respect to the duration of the inhibitory and permissive signals and the recording of the moment of the coincidence of the time of the inhibitory signal from the vehicle crossing the intersection makes it possible, if necessary, to determine the presence of violations of the rules for the passage of intersections, namely:

- the fulfillment by drivers of clause 6.13 of the Rules, which obliges the driver to stop in front of the stop-line when the traffic light is inhibited, and if it is absent, in front of the intersected carriageway or in front of the traffic light, without interfering with vehicles and pedestrians whose movement is allowed;

- compliance by drivers with clause 6.2 of the Rules, which prohibits the movement of vehicles with a yellow signal or with a combination of red and yellow signals.

All this increases the functionality and quality of traffic control, since the identification of violations if necessary disciplines drivers driving through the intersection and prevents the occurrence of an accident.

Note that an imaginary stop-line here means a border (marking in the form of stop-lines, intersected carriageway, etc.), before which the driver must stop when the traffic light is forbidden.

Prior to registration, fixing the moments when vehicles cross a line separated from an imaginary stop-line at a distance that allows the vehicle to stop in front of the intersection without resorting to emergency braking makes it possible to verify, if necessary, that the driver observes paragraph 6.14 of the Rules. This item allows drivers to continue driving if, when the yellow light comes on, they cannot stop without resorting to emergency braking. If the driver crosses the specified line with a flashing green or yellow traffic signal, and then leaves the intersection in yellow or red, he violates this paragraph of the rules, since the distance between this line and the imaginary line allows him to smoothly brake the vehicle. Therefore, fixing the moments when vehicles cross such a line disciplines drivers and improves the quality of the intersection.

The recording of a violation in the form of a signal tied to a time axis on a data carrier makes it possible to identify intersections unfavorable for traffic, analyze the traffic situation and take measures to reduce violations. In addition, this significantly reduces the storage volume of the necessary information. All this increases the functionality and quality of traffic control.

Carrying out registration of moments of intersection in each traffic lane of the carriageway increases the zone of traffic control of the intersection, which increases the functionality of traffic regulation.

Registration of the moments when vehicles cross a line separating traffic flows in opposite directions allows you to monitor the implementation of the following paragraphs of the Rules by drivers:

- Clause 8.6 (The turn must be carried out in such a way that when leaving the intersection of the carriageway the vehicle is not on the oncoming traffic side);

- Clause 13.2 (It is forbidden to go to the intersection or intersection of carriageways if a traffic jam has formed that will force the driver to stop, creating an obstacle to the movement of vehicles in the transverse direction);

- Clause 13.4 (When turning left or turning on a green traffic light, the driver of a track-less vehicle must give way to vehicles moving from the opposite direction straight and to the right).

Controlling a large number of paragraphs of the Rules helps to prevent and prevent crime and, ultimately, improves the quality of traffic regulation.

The determination by the number and frequency of intersection moments coinciding in time with the action of the traffic light enable signal, the traffic conditions of the intersection makes it possible to identify traffic jams at the intersection, as a result of which the intersection travel speed in some lanes or the traffic stops completely. Identification of adverse traffic conditions at the intersection allows you to quickly take measures to eliminate congestion and restore traffic, which also improves the quality of regulation.

Recording of moments when vehicles and pedestrians cross a pedestrian crossing increases the functionality of traffic regulation.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the movement of vehicles at the intersection of two highways.

Figure 2 shows a timing diagram of the operation of sensors and traffic lights.

,

; а на линии, отстоящей от воображаемой стоп-линии на расстоянии L, установлен датчик

At the intersection formed by the intersection of highways 1 and 2, on which sensors a ₁ , b ₁ , and ₂ , b ₂ are located near the imaginary stop lines 3, traffic lights 4 are installed in the center. On the line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions, there are sensors

,

; and on a line spaced from an imaginary stop line at a distance L, a sensor is installed

а на линии, отстоящей от воображаемой стоп-линии на расстоянии L, установлен датчик

, содержит в центре светофор 4. На выходе каждого датчика формируется сигнал (например, высокий уровень напряжения) при проезде над ним транспортного средства 5.The intersection formed by the intersection of highways 1 and 2, on which sensors a ₁ , b ₁ , and ₂ , b ₂ are placed near imaginary stop lines 3; on the line separating traffic flows of opposite directions - sensors

and on a line spaced from an imaginary stop line at a distance L, a sensor is installed

, contains a traffic light 4. A signal is generated at the output of each sensor (for example, a high voltage level) when a vehicle 5 passes over it.

The method is implemented as follows.

Suppose that at time t ₁ (FIG. 2), the signals of traffic light 4 are formed in such a way that yellow light (G ₁ ) extends to highway 1, and yellow (G ₂ ) and red (K ₂ ) colors to highway 2 In this case, according to the Rules, vehicles are not allowed to enter the intersection.

Register with the sensor b _{1 the} moment of crossing the imaginary stop-line 3 by a vehicle entering the intersection along the highway 1 to the traffic signal 4 prohibiting signal, and with the sensor b ₂ - the moment of the premature start of movement through the intersection of the vehicle located on the highway 2. At these points, coinciding in time with the action of the inhibitory signal, a violation of the vehicle’s passage by the intersection is recorded. In this case, the fixation is carried out relative to the duration of the inhibitory signals from the beginning (not shown in the diagram) to the end of their action.

It should be noted that it is possible to establish the fact of a vehicle crossing the stop line 3, for example, using the “method of measuring the number of vehicles” (Pat. 2276809 RF, 2006), which also allows you to determine the speed and direction of movement of the vehicle (and even person). The violation can be recorded automatically, for example, using a camera, while determining the number of the vehicle of the intruder, as well as by recording the signals of the sensors and the traffic light on the storage medium. Recording on the information carrier of the violation in the form of a signal tied to the time axis allows subsequent analysis of the traffic situation in this section. However, in this case, the intruder can be determined only in the event of an accident, subsequently viewing the signals (diagram) on the carrier in the period of interest.

Registration of moments is carried out in each lane of the carriageway. For example, the diagram (Fig. 2) will indicate that the drivers of both vehicles are to blame for the accident (Fig. 1a): one was moving along the highway 1 to the traffic signal prohibiting signal, which is confirmed by the signal at time t ₁ , and the other started moving prematurely (between moments t ₁ and t ₂ ). To facilitate reading the diagrams, it is possible to fix the detected violations on a separate field of the information carrier by linking them to the time axis. If there are a sufficiently large number of violations of the rules of the intersection (even without the occurrence of an accident), you can analyze the reasons for the frequent violation of the Rules at this place and take the necessary measures to prevent and prevent violations - install a mobile camera (or traffic police officer) at this intersection to identify and punish specific culprits.

начинают поступать сигналы, причем, поскольку на расстоянии L (как это видно из фиг.1б) размещается два транспортных средства, то сигнал на выходе датчика

начнет формироваться (в момент t₄) третьим по счету транспортным средством, а на выходе датчика b₂ - первым. Фиксируют моменты пересечения транспортными средствами линии, отстоящей от воображаемой стоп-линии на расстояние L, которое позволяет остановить транспортное средство перед перекрестком, не прибегая к экстренному торможению. В момент времени t₅ зеленый сигнал светофора начинает мигать, при этом восьмое по счету транспортное средство (как видно из диаграммы фиг.2) находится вблизи датчика

и его водитель имеет возможность произвести торможение. В противном случае это транспортное средство будет пересекать перекресток на желтый сигнал светофора (на диаграмме восьмой импульс с датчика

показан пунктиром), мешая при этом транспортным средствам, выехавшим на перекресток, завершить левый поворот в моменты t₈ и t₉ времени. Для контроля выполнения этими транспортными средствами левого поворота регистрируют посредством датчика

моменты пересечения ими линии, разделяющей транспортные потоки противоположных направлений.At time t ₂ there is a change of traffic signals, and for vehicles located on the highway 2 (figb), turns green (Z ₂ ) color. Drivers begin to move, and at times t ₃ and t ₄ from sensors b ₂ and

signals begin to arrive, and since two vehicles are located at a distance L (as can be seen from Fig. 1b), the signal at the sensor output

begins to form (at time t ₄ ) the third vehicle, and at the output of the sensor b ₂ - the first. The moments of vehicles crossing a line spaced from an imaginary stop line by a distance L, which allows the vehicle to stop in front of the intersection without resorting to emergency braking, are recorded. At time t _{5, the} green traffic light begins to flash, while the eighth vehicle (as can be seen from the diagram of figure 2) is located near the sensor

and its driver has the ability to brake. Otherwise, this vehicle will cross the intersection at the yellow traffic signal (in the diagram, the eighth pulse from the sensor

shown by a dashed line), while preventing vehicles that have left at the intersection from completing the left turn at time t ₈ and t ₉ . To monitor the implementation of these vehicles left turn register by means of a sensor

moments when they cross a line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions.

непосредственно в процессе мигания зеленого сигнала светофора и, если водитель не выполнит торможение, то он будет осуществлять проезд перекрестка на красный сигнал. По времени между сигналами с датчиков b₂ и

можно также определить скорость движения транспортного средства перед перекрестком.It should be noted that the ninth vehicle passes the sensor

immediately in the process of flashing the green signal of the traffic light and, if the driver does not perform braking, he will drive the intersection to the red signal. In time between the signals from the sensors b ₂ and

You can also determine the speed of the vehicle in front of the intersection.

свидетельствует о том, что поворот налево затруднен из-за транспортных средств, движущихся навстречу в прямом направлении. Если следующее (третье) транспортное средство попытается, например, осуществить поворот налево, проезжая по встречной полосе, то этот факт нарушения регистрируют с помощью датчика

.The presence of two pulses from the output of the sensor a ₂ , which is installed on the left lane (designed to turn left), and the subsequent absence of signals from the sensor

indicates that turning left is difficult due to vehicles moving forward in the opposite direction. If the next (third) vehicle tries, for example, to turn left while driving in the oncoming lane, then this violation is recorded using a sensor

.

The number and frequency of intersection times coinciding in time with the action of the traffic light enable signal determines the traffic conditions of the intersection vehicles. For example, according to the signal at time t ₁₀ , which is the only one during the entire duration of the green (Z ₁ ) color (up to t ₁₁ ), it can be assumed that traffic through the intersection is blocked. Such a conclusion can serve as the basis for the traffic police car going to this intersection in order to identify the causes of traffic blocking.

Similarly, situations regarding the rules of passage for a pedestrian crossing located both at and outside the intersection can be identified.

The implementation of the invention will allow relatively simple and efficient to control the movement of vehicles at the intersection and to monitor drivers to ensure that they comply with the requirements of the Rules for the passage of regulated intersections and pedestrian crossings, as well as record violations.

Information sources

1. Pat. 2180139 RF, class G08G 001/095,2001 - analogue.

2. Application for invention No. 96101959, class. G08G 001/096, 1996 - prototype.

Claims (6)

1. A method of regulating traffic at an intersection, including a clear separation in time of intersecting traffic flows by periodically turning on and off the traffic signals that prohibit and allow traffic, fixation of the moment coinciding with the time of the prohibition signal, vehicle crossing the intersection with its subsequent identification and the adoption of necessary measures for the prevention and prevention of violations, characterized in that the moments of crossing the stop-lines of traffic are recorded sports means of each flow relative to the duration of the inhibitory and permissive signals, while the number and frequency of intersection times coinciding in time with the action of the traffic light enable signal determine the traffic conditions of the intersection, identify traffic jams at the intersection and quickly take the intersection measures to eliminate them and restore movement. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that prior to registration, fix the moments of crossing the vehicle line, separated from an imaginary stop line at a distance that allows you to stop the vehicle before the intersection, without resorting to emergency braking. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the violation in the form of a signal tied to a time axis is recorded on a storage medium. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the moments are recorded in each lane of the carriageway. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that they record the moments when the vehicles cross the line dividing traffic flows in opposite directions. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the moments of intersection by vehicles and pedestrians of a pedestrian crossing are recorded.

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