RU2419014C2 - Control disk gate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: gate consists of case 1 with inlet 2 and outlet 3 orifices, of rotary disk 4 connected with rod 5 and of packing elements 6 of rod 5. Rotary disk 4 is made as a rigid space structure of two external impermeable thin-wall disks 8 parallel arranged perpendicular to axis of case 1 with a gap and tied by means of coupling elements 7. Also, the structure consists of at least one internal permeable thin-wall disk 9 with partial or total perforation. Coupling elements 7 are made, for example, as partitions 10 between above said thin-wall disks 8 and 9 so, that there are formed through channels for flow of working medium, when the gate is completely open. External surface of thin-wall disks 8 and 9 is spherical and faces spherical surface of bigger radius of insertions 12 installed coaxially in case 1 and with a gap on both sides from the rotary disk.

EFFECT: expanded functionality due to wider range and smoothness of control; decreased noise level and erosion wear of gate elements.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to valves and control valves, in particular to valves.

Known disk shutter (valve), comprising a housing, a rotary disk associated with the rod, sealing elements of the rod and rotary disk (see book. Gurevich DF Pipe fittings. Reference manual. - L .: Engineering, 1981, p. 97 -101).

The disadvantage of this design is that to regulate the flow of the working medium, uniformity or a given flow characteristic is not provided, especially at the time of opening, closing the shutter (non-linearity of the first 15-20 ° of rotation of the disk). In addition, with increased differences on the shutter and with large dimensions of the shutter, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the rotary disk, which significantly increases the flow resistance and reduces the shutter flow rate by 20-40%, which requires an additional increase in its dimensions to ensure large flow rates of the medium. To ensure regulated leakage in the closed position, the shutter must have a sealing assembly that is difficult from the manufacturing point of view, especially at elevated temperatures of the working medium, if the disk is installed simply in the pipe with a gap, the working medium leak is significant.

The objectives of the invention are: simplifying the design, expanding the functionality by providing a wider range, the specified regulation law, smooth regulation, reducing the noise level and erosive wear of the shutter elements by the medium flow at the time of opening and closing it, simplifying the manufacturing technology, increasing the flow coefficient for large valves and with large pressure differences on the rotary disk.

The problem is achieved in that in the regulating valve shutter comprising a shutter, a housing with inlet and outlet openings, a rotary disk associated with the rod, stem sealing elements, a rotary disk made in the form of a rigid spatial structure of parallel to the axis of the housing with a gap and connected communication elements of two external impermeable and at least one internal with partial or complete perforation of permeable thin-walled disks, and communication elements are made in the form of partitions k, honeycomb blocks, rigid porous material based on duplication of open-cell polyurethane foam and arranged so that when the shutter is fully open, through channels for the working medium flow are formed, and the outer surface of thin-walled disks and partitions is made spherical with an equal radius and faces a spherical surface with a larger radius of inserts mounted coaxially in the housing and with a gap on both sides of the rotary disk, which is selected from the condition that the leakage of the medium is less than acceptable, the flow rate of the media s in the gap is less than acceptable for a given environment, less than acceptable for materials on the surfaces of a movable disk, partitions, inserts for a given environment in terms of resistance to erosion wear, in addition:

- internal thin-walled disks are made in the form of a rigid porous material based on duplication of open-cell polyurethane foam;

- the size of the cells, pores of the communication elements located between different thin-walled disks, increase in the direction from the outer impermeable thin-walled disks.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the use of a rigid spatial design with longitudinal channels for the flow of medium gives the design of the rotary disk strength and at the same time greater permeability in the open position, which reduces the resistance to the flow of the medium, channels for the passage of the medium in the thickness of the rotary disk are formed, pairing the movable disk with a gap with respect to the surfaces of the inserts, provides significant resistance to the flow of the medium when the position is closed (large length of the channel), then exclude other uniform compaction and provides a hydraulic valve characteristic.

Figure 1, 2 shows the frontal and profile sections of the shutter, figure 3, 4, 5 - horizontal sections of the shutter, figure 3 - the shutter is closed, figure 4 - the shutter is ajar, figure 5 - the shutter is open, in fig. 6, 7 - frontal section of the shutter with various communication elements.

The control disk shutter contains a K1 housing with input 2 and output 3 holes, a rotary disk PD4, connected to the rod 5, 6 - rod sealing elements 5. PD4 is made in the form of a rigid spatial structure of parallel to the perpendicular axis K1 with a gap and connected by ES7 communication elements two external impermeable thin-walled discs NTD8 and at least one internal disc VTD9 with partial or complete perforation of holes. ES7 is made in the form of partitions (Fig.1 ... 5) located between NTD8 and VTD9, so that when the shutter is fully open, through channels 10 are formed for the flow of the working medium. ES7 is made in the form of cellular blocks (Fig.6) located between NTD8 and VTD9, so that when the shutter is fully open, through channels are formed for the working medium flow through the channels of the cells. ES7 are made (Fig.7) in the form of a rigid porous material (HPLM) based on duplication of open-cell polyurethane foam, for example, nickel (foam nickel) (see Porous permeable materials. Reference. Edited by Belova SV - M .: Metallurgy, 1987, 383 p.). It can be refractory ceramic and metal material. The difference between this material and all known materials is that its porosity is up to 95 ... 98%, and the internal structure has channel porosity. The material has a very low resistance to the flow of the medium.

VTD9 is made in the form of a rigid porous material (HPMP) based on duplication of open-cell polyurethane foam, for example, nickel (foam nickel), aluminum oxide.

The outer surface of VTD9, NTD8, ES7 is made of spherical equal radius R and faces the spherical surface of SP11 with radius R1 (R1> R) of inserts B12 mounted coaxially in K1 and with a gap on both sides of PD4. The clearance is R1-R. The gap between PD4 (NTD8, VTD9, ES7) and B12 is chosen from the conditions:

- medium leakage is less than permissible;

- the flow rate of the medium in the gap is less than permissible for a given medium;

- the flow rate of this medium in the gap is less than permissible for surface materials PD4, ES7, B12 in terms of resistance to erosion wear. Perforation holes PO 13 are made in VTD9. 14 - C-shaped stops of the extreme position have the additional function of partial sealing PD4 in the closed position. The size of cells, pores of ES7 located between different VTD9, NTD8, increase in the direction from NTD8. The smaller the pore size, the greater the viscous friction and resistance to the flow of the medium.

The operation of the shutter disk regulating. In the initial position, the shutter is closed (figure 1, 2, 3). When the rod 5 is rotated, the PD4 is rotated (Fig. 4). The medium flow passes through the through channels formed by NTD8, VTD9 and ES7, because Since VTD9 is perforated, the medium flows along a complex curved path and due to viscous friction and hydrodynamic damping of the flow velocity, at this stage, significant resistance to flow and smoothness of the increase in the flow rate of the medium are provided as PD4 opens. The selection of the quantity, diameter, location PO13 VTD9, various ES7 can provide any hydraulic characteristic of the shutter. When the shutter is fully open (Fig. 5), the resistance to the flow of the medium is extremely small, because the medium moves through the channels between NTD8, VTD9 and ES7 along the shortest path. When the shutter is completely closed (Figs. 1, 2, 3), the resistance to the flow of the medium is greatest, the medium moves through the gap between ES7, NTD8, VTD9 and SP11 V12, which is set during production from the conditions: the leakage of the medium is less than acceptable, the flow rate of the medium in the gap is less than acceptable for this medium, the flow rate of this medium in the gap is less than acceptable for materials of PD4 surfaces, ES7, B12 in terms of resistance to erosion wear. The strength of PD4, which experiences maximum loads during closure, is ensured by its spatial honeycomb (rib-trellised) design.

The implementation of ES7 in the form of honeycomb blocks (Fig.6) located between NTD8 and VTD9, so that when the shutter is fully open, through channels are formed for the flow of the working medium through the channels of the cells, provides high rigidity and structural strength and minimal flow resistance with open PD4.

The implementation of ES7, VTD9 (Fig.7) of a rigid porous material (HPMP) based on duplication of open-cell polyurethane foam and provides simplicity of design, because the material is inexpensive and affordable, has channel porosity, provides high rigidity and structural strength and low flow resistance with open PD4.

Changing the size of cells, pores of ES7 located between different NTD8, VTD9 with an increase in the direction from the external NTD8, allows to provide the greatest resistance to flow at the initial moment of opening of PD4, finer-porous material has greater hydraulic resistance due to viscous friction. The shutter design is simple because ready-made, porous materials of open-mesh structure are used, which are usually used in the field of filtration, aircraft manufacturing (cellular materials), therefore, there is no need for technological operations of drilling, hole piercing (manufacturing technology is simplified).

Typically, the ingress of several abrasive particles into the control zone of the shutter leads to its failure. In this case, the shutter has an advantage, because permeable throttling elements are at the same time filtering elements (especially large particles) at the moment of opening and closing PD4, while abrasive particles are absorbed by ES7 and do not damage the shutter parts.

The applied principle of viscous friction and hydrodynamic damping of the flow rate minimizes the wear of the gate elements at the moments of opening and closing due to the low flow rates of the medium (lamination). The shutter has an extremely low noise level and can be used on ships, submarines, chemical plants, devices with a regulated low noise level. The shutter stabilizes the flow of the medium at the outlet due to intensive crushing of the flow at the moments of opening and closing, when the highest flow rates of the medium take place, and when fully open.

The shutter has enhanced functionality by providing a wide range, a variety of possible control characteristics in the areas of low and high flow rates. By changing the structural elements of the shutter, any hydraulic characteristic and a given noise level can be achieved. The solution to this problem is possible by computer-aided gas-dynamic simulation using Star CD, CFX software systems.

This lock can be used in hydraulic, pneumatic devices of various industries, for military purposes, and medicine.

Claims (3)

1. The regulating disk lock, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet openings, a rotary disk associated with the rod, stem sealing elements, characterized in that the rotary disk is made in the form of a rigid spatial structure from parallel to the housing axis with a gap and connected by two communication elements external impermeable and at least one internal with partial or complete perforation of permeable thin-walled disks, and the communication elements are made in the form of partitions, cellular blocks, hard of porous material based on duplication of open-cell polyurethane foam and arranged so that when the shutter is fully open, they form through channels for the flow of the working medium, and the outer surface of thin-walled disks and partitions is made spherical with an equal radius and faces a spherical surface of a larger radius of inserts mounted coaxially in the housing and with a gap on both sides of the rotary disk, which is selected from the condition that the fluid leakage is less than the permissible, the flow rate of the medium in the gap is less than the permissible for a given environment that is less than permissible for materials of the surfaces of a movable disk, partitions, inserts for a given medium in terms of resistance to erosion wear. 2. The shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal thin-walled disks are made in the form of a rigid porous material based on duplication of open-cell polyurethane foam. 3. The shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of the cells, pores of the communication elements located between the thin-walled disks is increased in the direction from the external impermeable thin-walled disks.

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