RU2418938C1 - Diamond drill bit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: drill bit comprises a body with a diamond-containing matrix, separated into sectors by slots, and inserts of abrasive material spring-loaded in the axial direction and installed between sectors in additional slots. The inserts in the initial position are installed without a ledge above the end of the matrix and are arranged with a cavity communicated with the body cavity, at the same time the inserts are connected with the body by means of extension springs. The body cavity is communicated with a cavity of each insert by means of a bushing, and by channels provided in the insert body - to the hole clearance.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of the drill bit operation due to elimination of early failure of its inserts.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of rock cutting tools, namely to drill bits with diamond weapons for drilling wells with coring.

A well-known diamond drill bit containing a housing with a matrix divided by flushing grooves into working sectors reinforced with inserts of synthetic diamonds (see Isaev MI Technical progress and new achievements in core drilling. L .: Nedra, 1976, p.99) .

The disadvantage of this crown is the low mechanical drilling speed due to polishing diamonds.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a diamond drill bit, comprising a body with a diamond-containing matrix, divided by grooves into sectors, and axially spring-loaded liners of abrasive material installed between sectors (see ed. St. USSR No. 4848266, C. E21B 10/48, 1974).

In this crown, thanks to the use of inserts made of abrasive material, the probability of polishing diamonds is reduced, which significantly reduces both the mechanical drilling speed and the penetration to the crown.

The disadvantages of this crown include the relatively low efficiency of its operation, which is associated with the rapid failure of the earbuds. This is due to the fact that the liners in the process of hoisting operations constantly protrude above the matrix. And since they are made of easily destructible material, when in contact with the walls of the well, as well as with the face, at the time of installation of the crown after descent, as well as when the drill is consumed, it is likely that they will fail prematurely. This negative effect is also enhanced by the likelihood of jamming of the liners in the grooves of the housing due to the ingress of sludge into the area of the spring.

In connection with the stated technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the crown by increasing the penetration and the mechanical drilling speed by protecting the liners from premature failure.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a diamond drill bit, comprising a body with a diamond-containing matrix, divided by grooves into sectors, and axially spring-loaded liners of abrasive material installed between sectors, according to the invention, the liners in the initial state are installed flush with the end face of the matrix and made with a cavity in communication with the cavity of the housing, while the liners are connected to the housing by means of tension springs.

Solution of the problem also contributes to the fact that:

- the body cavity is in communication with the cavity of each insert by means of a sleeve;

- the liners are made with channels communicating the cavity of the liner with the annulus.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which figure 1 depicts a General view of the crown; 2 - section A-A in Figure 1.

The proposed diamond drill bit contains a cylindrical body 1 with a connecting thread 2, a diamond-containing matrix 3, divided by flushing grooves 4 into sectors 5, and axially spring-loaded liners 6 of abrasive material. The liners 6 are installed in additional grooves 7 between sectors 5 and are connected to the housing 1 by tension springs 8, and in the initial position, the liners 6 do not protrude above the end of the matrix 3. The liners 6 are made with a cavity 9, which is in communication with the cavity 12 of the housing 1 by means of bushings 10 , and with the annulus - through the channels 11 in the material of the liner 6.

The principle of operation of the crown is as follows. The housing 1 of the crown through the thread 2 is connected to the core projectile and goes down into the well. When the projectile is lowered into the well, the liners 6 do not come into contact with the walls of the well, and when setting the crown on the bottom, they do not come into contact with the bottom of the well, which prevents them from chipping and premature failure. During drilling under pressure, the flushing fluid, which is supplied to the cavity 9 of the liners 6 through the bushings 10, the liners 6 extend in the axial direction, overcoming the resistance of the tensile spring 8, which holds the liners 6 when transported to the bottom in the position recessed in the additional grooves 7. In this case, the force of the springs 8 is selected so that during drilling with the minimum required volume of pumped washing fluid, the abrasive material of the inserts 6 is in constant contact with the bottom. This guarantees wear of the abrasive material and its supply under the diamond-containing matrix 3. In this case, by adjusting the volume of the supplied liquid, it is possible to change the force of pressing the inserts to the bottom, and therefore the volume of abrasive material supplied under the matrix 3. This ensures constant exposure of the diamond grains of the matrix 3 and increasing their efficiency by eliminating the process of polishing diamonds and the matrix itself. The presence of channels 11 in the liners 6 reduces the likelihood of sludge springs 8. The destroyed rock and abrasive material are carried out by the flushing fluid to the surface entering the face through the flushing grooves 4 and channels 11.

Using the proposed crown allows you to ensure the effectiveness of its work during the entire time of operation by eliminating premature failure of the earbuds.

Claims (3)

1. Diamond drill bit, comprising a housing with a diamond-containing matrix, divided by grooves into sectors, and axially spring loaded liners of abrasive material installed between sectors, characterized in that the loose leaves are installed without protrusion above the end face of the matrix and are made with a cavity, communicated with the cavity of the housing, while the liners are connected to the housing by means of tension springs. 2. The diamond drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity of the housing is in communication with the cavity of each insert by means of a sleeve. 3. The diamond drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the liners are made with channels communicating the cavity of the liner with the annulus.

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