RU2416469C1 - Pneumatic vibration separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machines intended for seeds cleaning. Proposed separator comprises direct-flow deck, housing with intake bin, vacuum chamber, fluidised layer divider, seed fractions receivers, and motor, swinging supports being rigidly secured to said direct-flow deck. Besides separator incorporates spring arranged on seed fraction receiver side, spring one end being jointed with the housing and another end being fixed on said support. It comprises also motor control system with its input connected with three-phase supply AC circuit. Motor is arranged opposite said intake bin to translate by it and is made up of three-phase linear induction motor. Secondary element of the latter is made up of tie rod rigidly coupled with the housing on drive side. Three-phase linear induction motor winding is connected with motor control system output.

EFFECT: higher reliability and efficiency, simplified kinematic circuit, reduced weight and sizes.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machines for cleaning seeds and is intended for the final cleaning of seeds and the allocation of difficult to separate impurities from the main material.

Known vibropneumatic separator with direct-flow deck, including a housing in which are located: a receiving hopper, a vacuum chamber, a fluidized bed divider, receivers of fractions of seeds, a direct-flow deck, to which swinging supports are rigidly fixed. The vibrator is located under the deck. Electric motor - an asynchronous rotation motor through a belt drive is connected to a mechanism for converting rotational motion into reciprocating, connected to the housing by means of a rod rigidly connected to the housing.

The disadvantages of the known vibratory pneumatic separator with direct-flow deck are reduced technical and economic indicators due to the increased mass and dimensions of the drive (V.M.Drincha, L.M.Sukonkin Study of the parameters of the pneumatic separator with direct-flow deck // Technique in Agriculture, 1997, No. 5-13 p.: ill .; V.M.Drincha Study of vibropneumatic separators with flat cylindrical decks // MESH, 2001, No. 5-6 p .: ill.).

The aim of the invention is to improve technical and economic indicators (reducing the cost, overall dimensions and mass of the drive, increasing the efficiency, reliability and performance of a vibratory air separator with a direct-flow deck).

This goal is achieved in that the pneumatic separator with a direct-flow deck containing a housing equipped with a receiving hopper, a vacuum chamber, a fluidized bed divider, receivers of fractions of seeds, a direct-flow deck to which swinging supports are rigidly fixed, the electric motor, according to the invention, is equipped with a spring placed on the side of the receivers seed fractions, one end of which is connected to the housing, and the second end is fixed to a fixed support, by the engine control system, the input of which is connected to a three-phase network alternating current, and the electric motor performs linear translational motion and is made in the form of a three-phase linear induction motor, and the electric motor is located not under the direct-flow deck, but opposite the receiving hopper, the secondary element of the three-phase linear asynchronous motor is a rod rigidly connected to the housing and located on the drive side, while the winding of a three-phase linear induction motor is connected to the output of the motor control system.

Due to the fact that the vibratory pneumatic separator with a direct-flow deck is equipped with a spring placed on the side of the seed fraction receivers, one end of which is connected to the housing, and the second end is fixed to a fixed support, the engine control system, the input of which is connected to a three-phase AC network, and the electric motor performs a linear translational motion and is made in the form of a three-phase linear induction motor, and the thrust, rigidly connected, is the secondary element of the three-phase linear asynchronous motor housing and located on the drive side, wherein the three-phase winding of the linear induction motor is connected to the output of the engine control system, an improvement of technical and economic indicators (reduced weight and dimensions, reduces the cost of the drive increases the reliability and performance vibropnevmoseparatora with uniflow deck).

The drawing shows a diagram of a pneumatic separator with a direct-flow deck. The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

Vibro-pneumatic separator with direct-flow deck contains a housing 11, equipped with a receiving hopper 1, a vacuum chamber 3, a fluidized bed divider 4, seed fraction receivers 5, a direct-flow deck 2, to which the swinging supports 7 are rigidly fixed, a rod 6, rigidly connected to the housing 11 and located with drive side, a spring 10 located on the side of the seed fraction receivers, one end of which is connected to the housing 11, and the second end is fixed to a fixed support, the engine control system 9, the input of which is connected to a three-phase AC network current, three-phase linear induction motor 8. The secondary element of the three-phase linear asynchronous motor is a rod 6, rigidly connected to the housing 11 and located on the drive side. The winding of a three-phase linear induction motor is connected to the output of the motor control system 9.

Vibro-pneumatic separator with direct-flow deck works as follows.

The initial unsorted seeds are fed to the housing 11 in the receiving hopper 1. The housing 11 is equipped with oscillating bearings 7 and is driven by a three-phase linear asynchronous motor 8, a spring 10 placed on the side of the seed fraction receivers, one end of which is connected to the housing 11, and the second the end is fixed on a fixed support, and a rod 6, rigidly connected with the housing 10 and which is the secondary element of a three-phase linear induction motor 8. The operation of the three-phase linear asynchronous motor is controlled by the system control the engine 9, periodically applying and turning off the power to its winding according to the signal of the sensors of the position of the housing 11. When moving under the action of inertia arising from the oscillation of the housing 10, along the direct-flow deck 2, the fluidized bed created by the vacuum chamber 3 moves towards the fluidized bed divider 4, where it is sorted, after which the seeds fall into the seed fraction receivers 5. Next, the seed sorting process continues until all the necessary mass is completely sorted. Thus, upon completion of the full cycle of the seed sorting process, fractions of seeds of different sizes are found in fraction receivers.

According to the theory of linear induction motors (Fridkin P.A. Gearless arc-controlled electric drive. - L.: Energy, 1970; Veselovsky ON, Konyaev A.Yu., Sarapulov F.N. Linear induction motors. - M.: Energoatomizdat, 1991. - 256 p.: Ill.) The speed of the secondary element is determined by the expression:

where τ is the pole division of the motor, m; f ₁ - the frequency of the AC voltage, Hz.

It follows from (1) that, due to the correct choice of the pole division value τ of a three-phase linear induction motor, which corresponds to the speed of movement of the secondary element of a three-phase linear asynchronous motor required for a given seed process, an increase in the separation quality and an increase in the productivity of a vibro-air separator with a direct-flow deck are provided.

To convert the translational motion of a three-phase linear induction motor into the oscillatory movement of the vibro-pneumatic separator casing, the winding of the three-phase linear asynchronous motor is connected to the mains supply through the engine control system, and a spring fixed to the fixed support is connected to the vibro-pneumatic separator casing from the side of the seed fraction receivers. When power is applied to the winding of a three-phase linear induction motor, it moves the traction together with the vibro-air separator housing, stretching the spring fixed to the housing. When the housing reaches the position set by the control system, the control system disconnects the winding of the three-phase linear asynchronous motor from the network by the signal of the position sensor. Due to the potential energy stored by the spring when moving, the vibro-pneumatic separator body returns to its original position, while the signal from the engine control system receives a signal to turn on the power to the winding of a three-phase linear induction motor. Further, the indicated cycle of work is repeated (Aipov RS. Oscillating linear electric drive of machines in agricultural production // Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture. - 2005. No. 11). Thus, the control system makes it possible to change the amplitude and frequency of oscillation by adjusting the moment of inclusion and disconnecting a three-phase linear induction motor.

From this it follows that it is possible to control the oscillation frequency of the vibro-pneumatic separator body and obtain such values of the vibration frequencies at which the most intensive separation of the fluidized bed into fractions is achieved, which, in turn, can significantly improve the separation quality and throughput of the vibro-pneumatic separator (Post-harvest treatment of grain seeds of cultures: / VASKHNIL. - M.: Agropromizdat, 1986. - 44 pp., ill. - b / c.). The need to change the oscillation frequency of the vibro-pneumatic separator case arises depending on the type, variety, and moisture of the seeds.

The presence in the kinematic diagram of the spring drive, located on the side of the seed fraction receivers, one end of which is connected to the housing and the other end is fixed on a fixed support, can reduce the energy consumed from the network by returning the housing to its original position under the action of the potential energy of the spring accumulated during moving, which helps to increase the efficiency.

Due to the use of a three-phase linear asynchronous motor in the vibro-pneumatic separator drive, the secondary element of which is a rod rigidly connected to the housing and located on the drive side, the vibro-pneumatic separator is directly driven. This simplifies the kinematic scheme of the drive, increases reliability and efficiency, reduces the weight, dimensions and cost of the vibratory air separator.

With this design, the vibro-pneumatic separator simplifies its kinematic drive scheme, reduces weight, dimensions and cost, increases reliability, efficiency and productivity.

Claims (1)

Vibro-pneumatic separator with a direct-flow deck containing a housing equipped with a receiving hopper, a vacuum chamber, a fluidized bed divider, seed fraction receivers, a direct-flow deck to which swinging supports are rigidly fixed, an electric motor, characterized in that it is equipped with a spring placed on the side of the seed fraction receivers, one end of which is connected to the housing, and the second end is fixed to a fixed support, by the engine control system, the input of which is connected to a three-phase AC network, and the electric motor itself Atelier is located opposite the receiving hopper and performs linear translational motion and is made in the form of a three-phase linear induction motor, and the secondary element of the three-phase linear asynchronous motor is a rod rigidly connected to the housing and located on the drive side, while the winding of the three-phase linear asynchronous motor is connected to the system output engine control.

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