RU2415872C1 - Method for production of starch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention provides for soaking of grain, separation of grain from soaking solution, washing of soaked grain, its grinding into a paste, adding a ferment preparation of cellulose into the paste to reduce viscosity, thermostatting, separation of fibre from the paste and its washing from starch, division of starch-protein suspension into starch and protein fractions and drying of produced product. Initial raw materials are triticale grain with starch content of at least 65% to mass of dry grain substances. Soaking is carried out at the temperature of 40-50°C, concentration of sulphurous anhydride in soaking solution 0.1-0.2% for 24-40 hours at the ratio of soaking solution amount to grain mass of 2.0-2.5. Grain washing from sulphurous anhydride is carried out with a gluten water with temperature of 30-40°C to residual content of sulphurous anhydride in grain equal to 0.025-0.032%. Out of cellulose ferment preparation the preparation Viscoferm is used in amount of 10-30 ml per 100 kg of grain. Thermostatting is carried out by water steam at 45-50°C for 60-180 min.

EFFECT: high yield of starch from grain.

2 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to a technology for the production of starch from triticale grains and can be used in the starch industry.

A known method of producing starch from wheat grain. According to this method (Fig. 1), the grain is soaked in a solution of sulfur dioxide an concentration of 0.4-0.45% SO ₂ for 22-26 hours at a temperature of the key water 38-42 ° C. Soaked grain is crushed, pulp is isolated from it, from which free starch is washed; the resulting starch-protein suspension is divided into starch and gluten and the resulting products are dried.

(Andreev NR, Filippova NI and others. "Comparative evaluation of new types of starch-containing raw materials for the production of starch and starch products." Series 19. Starch-producing industry. Overview. Issue 4. AgroNIITEIPP, M. 1992, S. .10).

The disadvantage of this method is that the product foams heavily on the entire production line, making it difficult to conduct all processes and causing high losses of starch with pulp and gluten. However, it is impossible to reuse gluten water in production. The consumption of pure water reaches 10 m ³ for processing 1 ton of grain. Loss of solids with wastewater reaches 20%. Wastewater pollutes the environment; their cleaning requires significant capital costs. The high concentration of sulfur dioxide in the mortar creates harmful working conditions for staff and leads to increased corrosion of building structures and equipment. The yield of starch is not more than 50%.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the yield of starch.

The technical result in the proposed method, which involves soaking the grain, separating the grain from the lock solution, washing the soaked grain, grinding it into a porridge, introducing an enzymatic preparation of cellulase into the porridge to reduce viscosity, thermostating, pulping pulp from the porridge, washing it from starch, starch separation -protein suspension for starch and protein fractions and drying of the obtained product is achieved by using triticale grain with a starch content of at least 65% by weight s chemical substances of the grain, soaking is carried out at a temperature of 40-50 ° C, the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the castle solution of 0.1-0.2% for 24-40 hours at a ratio of the amount of castle reagent to the grain weight of 2.0-2.5, while washing the grain from sulfur dioxide is carried out with gluten water with a temperature of 30-40 ° C to a residual content of sulfur dioxide in the grain of 0.025-0.032%, while Viscoferm is used from cellulolytic enzyme preparations in an amount of 10-30 ml per 100 kg of grain; thermostating is carried out at a temperature of 45-50 ° C for 1-3 hours.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which:

figure 1 is a flow chart of a known method for the production of starch;

figure 2 is a flow chart of the proposed method for the production of starch.

A method of producing starch from triticale grains (see figure 2) is as follows.

Triticale is an agricultural crop developed by combining chromosome complexes of wheat and rye in order to improve grain quality, increase plant resistance to lodging and disease, and increase grain yield.

According to general morphology and structure, triticale grains are close to grains of other cereals. It includes the fruit and seed membranes, the aleuron layer, starchy endosperm and the embryo. It is used in animal feed, bakery, alcohol and brewing industries. The use of this type of raw material in the starch industry is unknown.

The starch content in the grain of many varieties and hybrids of triticale is significantly higher than in rye and wheat grains (up to 72% in triticale grains, up to 65% in rye grains, and up to 68% in wheat grains).

All of the above allows us to conclude that triticale is promising as a raw material for starch and feed.

Soaked triticale grain in a 0.10-0.20% solution of sulfur dioxide, prepared by dissolving sulfur dioxide or sodium pyrosulfite in water, for 24-40 hours at a temperature of 40-50 ° C and the ratio of the amount of the key solution to the weight of the grain 2.0-2.5. The extract is separated from the soaked grain. The soaked grain is washed from SO ₂ and water-soluble substances with clean or gluten water at a temperature of 30-40 ° C until the SO ₂ content in the soaked grain is not more than 0.025-0.032%. The washed grain is crushed. Viscoferm cellulolytic enzyme preparation is introduced into the obtained porridge in the amount of 10-30 ml per 100 kg of grain, mixed and thermostated at 45-50 ° C for 1-3 hours.

Next, the pulp is extracted from the porridge and washed on arc sieves using a nylon mesh with holes of 114-93 μm using the counterflow method on nylon sieves or on a slotted grate with slits 50-70 μm wide using pure or gluten water with a temperature of 45-50 ° C in an amount of 3.5-5.0 m ³ per 1 ton of grain. Then the starch is cleaned of protein and water-soluble substances in the field of centrifugal forces or by decantation at a temperature of 30-35 ° C, pH 4.3-4.8. Raw refined starch is used to produce dry starch.

The pulp, gluten and extract are concentrated and dried to obtain a feed product. When processing triticale grains according to the described method, foaming of the product is not observed throughout the production line, including when using gluten water for soaking the grain and washing the pulp.

In order to reduce the consumption of pure water and heat, as well as the discharge of contaminated process water, the process of preparing the key solution and washing the pulp is carried out using gluten water instead of pure water according to the counterflow principle.

The starch cleaning process is carried out according to the countercurrent principle: pure water is supplied only to the last wash; previous washings are liquid runoffs from subsequent washings.

Example. 75 g of triticale grains of variety 6418-98 (starch 67.2%, protein 10.3%, water-soluble substances 10.9) and varieties Hermes (starch 66.3%, protein 11.4%, water-soluble substances 12%) are placed in containers in which 188 ml of sodium pyrosulfite solution with a SO ₂ concentration _of 0.15% are poured.

The grain and the lock solution are mixed, the containers are placed in a thermostat at a temperature of 50 ° C for 36 hours. Then, the extract is separated from the grain, water is poured into the container at a temperature of 35 ° C, stirred and kept in a thermostat until the SO ₂ content in the soaked grain is not more than 0.03%. Rinse water is separated from the grain on the sieve; water with a temperature of 35 ° C in a ratio of 1: 1.3 is added to the grain and the mixture is ground in a grinder for 5 minutes. Viscoferm Novozymes cellulolytic enzyme preparation was introduced into the crushed porridge at the rate of 0.02 ml per 75 g of grain and thermostated for 2 hours.

The porridge is placed on a nylon sieve with mesh diameter of 99 ± 11 μm in order to wash the pulp from free starch in 7 steps with water at a temperature of 45 ° C.

After each siting, the pulp is mixed with a new portion of water in a container and the mixture is transferred to a sieve.

The washed pulp is dried in an oven at a temperature of 50 ° C, weighed, the mass fraction of moisture and starch is determined, and its yield in% to dry solids of the grain is calculated.

The resulting starch-protein suspension with a temperature of 35 ° C, pH 4.6 and a solids concentration of 18.5% was centrifuged on a TsL-1-3 centrifuge at a rotation speed of 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The obtained raw starch and raw gluten are dried at 50 ° C in an oven, weighed; determine the mass fraction of moisture and protein in starch, in gluten - the mass fraction of moisture and protein, calculate their yield in% to dry solids of grain.

The yield of starch, in% to dry solids of grain, is:

from variety 6418-98 - 57.5%; from Hermes variety - 55.3%.

The yield of starch depends on the chemical composition of the grain and its structural and mechanical properties. Grains with a high content of powdery endosperm show a higher yield of starch.

Thus, the claimed method will increase the yield of starch.

Claims (1)

A method for the production of starch, which involves soaking the grain, separating the grain from the lock solution, washing the soaked grain, crushing it into a porridge, introducing an enzymatic cellulase preparation into the porridge to reduce the viscosity, thermostating, separating pulp from the porridge and washing it from starch, separating the starch-protein suspension into starch and protein fractions and drying of the obtained product, characterized in that triticale grain with a starch content of at least 65% by weight of solids on, soaking is carried out at a temperature of 40-50 ° C, the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the castle solution of 0.1-0.2% for 24-40 hours at a ratio of the amount of castle solution to the grain weight of 2.0-2.5, while grain washing from sulfur dioxide is carried out with gluten water at a temperature of 30-40 ° C to a residual content of sulfur dioxide in the grain of 0.025-0.032%, moreover, Viscoferm is used from cellulolytic enzyme preparations in an amount of 10-30 ml per 100 kg of grain, and thermostating is carried out at a temperature of 45-50 ° C for 1-3 hours

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