RU2414726C2 - Geophysical survey method and device for recording parametres of earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: antennae of n devices for detecting natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth (NPEMFE), where n=2, 3, 4,…, are placed on surveyed territory at a distance of not more than 1 m from each other. Antennae are oriented in the same given directions for identical reception channels. Synchronous measurement of NPEMFE is carried out in upon arrival of said pulses and the number of said pulses is determined, wherein measurement is carried out in the very low frequency range in not less than two different directions. The minute-average value of intensity is determined and sensitivity of the channels is adjusted based on the obtained values on a typical daily variation of NPEMFE. Sensitivity of channels receiving signals from the same directions is levelled. The obtained device adjustment parametres are stored. Synchronous measurements of time variations of the field are then taken by all devices during working hours. The average value of intensity for each device and each signal reception direction is determined. The devices are classified into reference and route devices. The reference devices are those whose readings are closer to the average values of readings of all devices. A base device is selected from the reference devices, where the said base device records the signal intensity value which is closest to the average values of readings of the reference devices. Adjustments for non-identity are determined for all devices and each reception direction. Reference devices, including the base device, are installed in selected points of the surveyed territory. Antennae of their identical reception channels are oriented in the same given directions. Measurements in continuous mode are carried out using parametres determined during set up from an accurate time signal. Profiling is carried out using the route devices. Adjustments on non-identity are made to readings of all devices. Variations of measured parametres of the NPEMFE are determined along the profile by removing time variations, recorded by reference devices, from readings of route devices. Presence of geophysical anomalies on the analysed profile is determined. Borders of the anomaly are mapped and the obtained results undergo geological interpretation.

EFFECT: reduced errors.

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Description

The invention relates to geophysics, and in particular to the field of electromagnetic exploration using measurements of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field (EEMPZ), and can be used to detect structural and lithological heterogeneities in the earth's crust, to search and explore mineral deposits, including hydrocarbon deposits .

A known method of magnetotellurgical reconnaissance for the search for oil and gas fields [RU 1777449 C, IPC 6 G01V 3/08, publ. 1995.03.27], according to which synchronous measurements of the components of the magnetotellurgical field are performed in a limited target frequency range corresponding to the prospective stratigraphic or deep section interval. When processing according to impedance and admittance estimates by several independent solutions, magnetotellurgical parameters t and m are obtained at each frequency, connecting electric and magnetic fields at the field and base points, and their frequency errors are estimated. The parameters are adjusted according to permissible threshold deviations from the average, errors are calculated and compared for samples without correction and with correction. Samples are fixed with minimal parameter errors at each frequency. Subsequent frequencies use only these samples. Based on the current values of the magnetotellurgical parameters in the samples with their minimum errors, the current values at each frequency of the parameters Z ^A = t / m are calculated; Z ^{a, i} = 0.5t / (m-0.5) their average values and frequency errors. The average values are used to construct the frequency characteristics of the parameters t, m, Z ^a , Z ^{a, i} , ΔZ ^a , as well as their graphics or maps at the most informative frequencies of the target range. Also get graphs or maps of the integral characteristics of the parameters t ^u , m ^u at target frequencies, representing the product of the values of this parameter on two or more periods at each point of the profile (area). The complex of the obtained parameters is used to judge the presence and distribution of geoelectric heterogeneities within the studied stratigraphic interval of the section on the area, and according to estimates of the parameter errors, the reliability and accuracy of their identification.

However, this method does not take into account that the recorded fields are created by both atmospheric and lithospheric sources, and in the recorded signal the overwhelming proportion of pulses comes from sources outside the work area and does not carry information about its geological and geophysical structure. Therefore, the measurement error is high, and the method is not very suitable for geophysical exploration of oil and gas.

A known method of geoelectromagnetic exploration, in which the registration of signals of the natural electromagnetic field of the Earth by the electrical component in the range of extra-long waves [RU 2119680 C1, IPC 6 G01V 3/08, G01V 3/11, publ. 1998.09.27]. During the measurements, the receiving antenna is moved parallel to the surface of the earth, at least one narrow frequency band is extracted from the entire recorded spectrum. Signals of the Earth’s natural electromagnetic field are recorded by recording its noise component. In the selected narrow band, the phase shift of the signal is measured during the movement of the receiving antenna relative to the value of its phase shift at the starting point of movement. By changing the phase shift judge the heterogeneity in the soil.

This invention is applicable for detecting inhomogeneities at a depth not exceeding several meters, and is unsuitable for detecting oil and gas fields. The recorded noise signal is extremely unstable in time. Therefore, temporary phase changes during profile measurements can be erroneously interpreted as spatial changes associated with the presence of heterogeneity in the soil. To reduce the likelihood of such errors, repeated repeated measurements of the same profile are required.

A known method of passive geophysical exploration, based on the measurement using the antenna of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields emitted by the surface of the Earth [AU 718742 B2, IPC 7 G01V 3/08, G01V 3/12, publ. 2000.04.20]. According to this method, the signal is recorded in various narrow frequency ranges, each of which corresponds to a certain depth from the Earth's surface. By rearranging the frequency of signal reception, one judges the presence of heterogeneities in the earth's crust and the depth of this heterogeneity.

The disadvantage of this method is that they record the integral signal from all sources and do not carry out subsequent sorting of the signal into pulses of local origin and pulses from remote sources that are not related to the territory of interest. Therefore, the overwhelming proportion of the recorded signal is not associated with a specific point in the area of work and does not carry information about the geological structure of such a point.

A known method of geophysical exploration [Malyshkov S.Yu., Malyshkov Yu.P., Rostovtsev V.N. Mapping of hydrocarbon deposits by the parameters of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field. On Sat New ideas in the geology and geochemistry of oil and gas. To the creation of a general theory of oil and gas potential of the subsoil. Book 1. M: GEOS, 2002. - p. 350-354]. According to this method, the intensity of the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth and the average amplitude of the pulses are measured at various points in the surveyed area. The intensity of the pulsed flow is recorded in a very low frequency range of the waves with predominant signal reception in the north-south and west-east directions. Plots of changes in the measured characteristics along the profile are built. The promising territories containing oil or gas include the territory with abnormally low values of the intensity of the flow of pulses EIEMP and reduced values of their average amplitude.

A known method for the search and mapping of hydrocarbon deposits [Promising technologies and new developments. http://www.sibpatent.ru/default.asp?khid=51487&code=385719&sort=1], selected as a prototype, including measurements of the intensity of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field (EEMPZ) at various points in the surveyed area, while the measurements are in the range of very low frequencies, in at least two different directions of signal reception using multichannel geophysical recorders, determine spatial variations of the EEMPZ parameters along the profile of work, which give a geological interpretation of the results, moreover, promising territories containing oil or gas include the territory with abnormally low values of the intensity of the EEMPZ, while one recorder is used as a fixed base station, and others as route ones. The spatial variations of the parameters of the EIEMPZ station are determined by removing from the readings of the route stations the time variations of the EIEMPZ measured by the base station.

These methods do not take into account the fact that in the stream of recorded pulses there is always a fraction of atmospherics, pulses associated with local and tropical thunderstorm activity. Atmospheres do not carry information about the deep structure of the earth's crust, they are an obstacle in revealing the structural and lithological heterogeneities of the earth's crust.

Therefore, measures are needed to reduce errors caused by the presence of atmospheres, pulses originating outside the measurement point, and impulse noise of a different origin. It is important to consider that a decrease in signal intensity and a decrease in pulse amplitude, proposed in the prototype method as criteria for oil and gas potential, are often associated not with the presence of heterogeneity in the earth's crust, but with purely temporary signal variations. Temporary variations of the EEEMP contain both periodic variations (semidiurnal, diurnal, annual, etc.) and an aperiodic component. The causes of aperiodic variations, first of all, are tectonic processes in the earth's crust. The movement of tectonic blocks, their combination or separation, slipping relative to each other, etc. accompanied by activation or suppression of the flow of pulses from the lithosphere. For example, the processes of preparing a strong earthquake can disrupt the rhythmic movement of the earth's crust for several days in a radius of 1000 or more kilometers, and change the intensity of the recorded pulse flow several times. Large geological heterogeneities, such as transcontinental faults and large discontinuous disturbances, can change the intensity of the recorded pulse flux and their amplitude at a distance of tens of kilometers from this heterogeneity. Therefore, when studying a specific territory, only impulses of "local" origin should be taken into account. Consequently, geophysical exploration methods based on the registration of the EIEMP should include special measures for “sorting” pulses of distant and local origin, removing temporal variations, and isolating spatial variations of only those pulses that are emitted from geological structures located directly on the study territory.

The objective of the invention is the detection and mapping of structural and lithological heterogeneities of the earth's crust based on measurements of the parameters of the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth: geological faults and their intersections, cracks, boundaries of dissimilar rocks, hydrocarbon traps, including non-anticline traps for which existing methods of geophysical exploration are ineffective .

The problem is solved due to the fact that the method of geophysical exploration, as in the prototype, involves performing synchronous measurements of the intensity of the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth (EEMPZ) at various points in the investigated territory, while all measurements are carried out in the very low frequency range of not less than in two different directions of receiving signals with the help of devices for registering the EIEMP parameters, moreover, one stationary device is used as the base, and the others as route, op they make spatial variations of the EIEMP parameters along the work profile by removing from the readings of route stations the time variations of the EIEMP measured by the base device, plotting the spatial changes in field intensity along the work profile, using the spatial variations of the EIEMP parameters obtained give a geological interpretation of the results, and to promising territories containing oil or gas, belong to the territory with abnormally low values of the intensity of EEEMP.

According to the invention, the moment of arrival of the pulses of the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth and their number are additionally recorded according to the invention. In this case, at the beginning, the antennas of n-devices for recording the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field, where n = 2, 3, 4, ..., are installed at a distance of no more than 1 m from each other. For the same reception channels, the antennas are oriented in the same given directions of space. The sensitivity of the channels is adjusted according to the typical daily course of the EEMPZ. Comparing with each other the readings of the devices, align the sensitivity of the channels receiving signals from the same directions, adjusting the attenuation coefficients and the magnitude of the reference voltage. The received device settings are remembered. Then, synchronous measurements of the temporal variations of the fields by all devices during the working hours are carried out, average intensity values for each device and each direction of signal reception are determined, and graphs of the average intensity change over time are plotted. Comparing the obtained graphs with each other, they sort the devices into reference and route ones. The devices whose readings are close to the average values of the readings of all devices are selected as the reference ones. Among the reference devices, the base device is selected, which registered the closest signal intensity values to the average values of the readings of the reference devices. For all devices and each direction of signal reception, corrections for the non-identity of the devices are determined, which characterize the change in the ratio of the average signal intensity of a given device to the average signal intensity in the corresponding direction of reception of the base device during the day or working hours, plot these dependencies, smooth them with a rolling a window of such a duration that they do not have sharp jumps. Then, the reference devices, including the basic one, are installed at the selected points of the investigated territory, the antennas of their identical receiving channels are oriented in the same given directions of space. Using the parameters determined during setup, the measurement of the signal in continuous mode, with a given discreteness of channel polling, is carried out according to a precise time signal. Then, using route devices, profiling is carried out, and their antennas are oriented in space so that their orientation coincides with the orientation of the antennas of the reference devices, and the settings and measurements correspond to the previously selected values. Using correction graphs, the readings of all devices are corrected for non-identity, in accordance with the direction of signal reception and the measurement time. Variations of the measured parameters of the EEMPZ along the profile are determined by removing from the readings of route devices temporary variations recorded by reference devices. They conclude that there is a geophysical anomaly on the studied profile, map the boundaries of the anomalies and give a geological interpretation of the results. In this case, the presence of structural and lithological heterogeneities is estimated by the change in signal intensity. Discontinuous faults are detected by increased signal intensities, and large and transcontinental faults increase the signal intensity in the coastal region and lower the signal intensity in the axial zone. When mapping the boundaries of hydrocarbon or other mineral deposits, route readings are compared with benchmarks that are installed on a productive territory and considered productive in those territories where the recorded parameters differ slightly from the parameters recorded by benchmarks, the remaining territories are classified as unproductive. At the borders of productive and unproductive territories, the boundary of the field is delineated. If information on the productivity of the territory is not available, then by carrying out the above measurements, the territories with the lowest and highest intensity of the EEMP are determined, then, using other methods of geophysical exploration or drilling, the presence of oil or gas is determined in one of the anomalous territories found by the complex The results divide the remaining territory into productive and unproductive. Productive territories include those where parameters recorded by devices do not differ significantly from parameters recorded by devices in territories with the presence of oil or gas. The remaining territories are classified as unproductive.

Devices for recording the parameters of the Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field filter the signals in the desired frequency band and amplitude, as well as register the moment of arrival, the amplitude and shape of the pulses of the Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field. This ensures the removal of uninformative signals already at the stage of their registration.

Isolation of the lithospheric component of the signal, a decrease in the fraction of atmospheres, interference pulses and pulses of far non-local origin is achieved by optimally adjusting the sensitivity of the devices.

The removal of temporary field variations and the sorting of pulses of local and distant origin are measured by several synchronously working devices for recording the parameters of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field. Their number cannot be less than two.

Some devices are motionless, reference, and register only temporary variations in electromagnetic fields. Using other, routing, devices, pulse parameters are measured that are associated with both temporal and spatial variations of the intensity of the EEEMP along routes (profiles) crossing the territory under study. Conclusion on the presence or absence of geophysical anomalies, hydrocarbon traps, etc. in the surveyed area is done by determining spatial variations of electromagnetic fields after removing temporary field variations from the readings of route devices.

Measurements of the EEEMP parameters can be carried out by one or several operators on foot or using any type of ground transport.

The intensity of the flow of lithospheric pulses is determined by two conditions: the presence of structural and lithological inhomogeneities in the earth’s crust near the device for recording the Earth’s natural electromagnetic field and the activity of processes that move these inhomogeneities and their boundaries.

Each geological structure has its own emissivity. For example, geological faults differ from the surrounding space in increased signal intensity on the sides of the faults and in a certain decrease in intensity in the axial zone of the fault, which is usually filled with friction clay. The width of the zone with anomalous characteristics of electromagnetic fields at the intersection of deep geological faults can reach several hundred meters across. Powerful transcontinental faults create an anomalous zone several kilometers wide and even several tens of kilometers. Minor discontinuous disturbances in the earth's crust or boundaries of dissimilar rocks appear as peaks of increased signal intensity within a few meters or tens of meters. The boundaries of the ore bodies and their territory can be detected in the surrounding space by either increased or decreased values of the signal intensity.

Territories promising for the possible content of hydrocarbons (hydrocarbon traps) have their own characteristic features. The deposit in most cases is surrounded by a “halo” of territory with increased intensity of the earth’s natural electromagnetic field. Whereas a signal with lower values of the pulse flow intensity is recorded above the hydrocarbon field itself. These signs indicate that the geological structures at a given location are inactive, discontinuous disturbances are either absent or hermetically sealed. It is such structures that can provide the possibility of accumulation of hydrocarbon feedstocks. There are exceptions to this rule when a decrease is recorded in one direction of signal reception, and an increase in the characteristics of the recorded field in another direction.

Since the recorded pulse flux is determined by spatio-temporal variations, in the case of performing geophysical work, in order to obtain information about the structure of the earth's crust, temporal field variations should be removed from the recorded signal and only spatial variations should be left.

As our long-term studies have shown, the temporal variations of the Earth’s natural electromagnetic field in the very low frequency range are determined by the diurnal and annual rhythms of the earth’s crust movement. These rhythms have clear diurnal moves, depending on the calendar date and geographical coordinates of the area, its geophysical features. Therefore, the adjustment of devices for recording the parameters of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field for optimal sensitivity is carried out directly in the area of upcoming field work before they begin. For calibration, special calibration dependencies are used, obtained on the basis of an analysis of our long-term studies of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field in various regions of Eurasia.

The advantages of the proposed method compared to other known methods of geophysical exploration are due to two main factors.

1. High penetration of electromagnetic waves in dielectric materials and especially in the surface layer of the atmosphere.

This factor provides for the collection of information from large areas and a large volume of rock mass, whereas all other methods are based on recording a signal at a certain point on the surface. Consequently, the likelihood of detecting large geological heterogeneities, such as oil and gas fields, is increased, even at deep levels.

2. The sources of signals in rocks are lithological and structural heterogeneities that generate a signal due to the micromotion of rocks caused by natural processes in the earth's crust.

This factor ensures, firstly, the environmental friendliness of the method, but most importantly, selective sensitivity to the boundaries of various geological structures. It is the boundaries of heterogeneous rocks that are most often of interest to specialists in the search and exploration of any field. It is equally important that it is precisely to the areas of structural disturbances of the earth's crust that have increased emissivity in the radio noise range that most deposits of various minerals are confined.

These two factors provide an extremely high sensitivity of the method to various geological disturbances. The sensitivity, for example, to changes in the relative deformations of the earth's crust can reach 10 ^-11 , which is three orders of magnitude higher than the sensitivity of modern gravitational and deformation methods of geophysics, as shown in [Malyshkov et al. Effect of lithospheric processes on the formation of the Earth’s pulsed electromagnetic field. Earthquake forecast. // Volcanology and seismology, 1998, No. 1. p. 92-10].

Thus, the basis of the proposed method are such physical processes in the earth's crust and rocks that have not previously been used for geophysical exploration. The proposed method of geophysical exploration combines the positive aspects of electrical and seismic methods. So full-scale studies and testing of the method showed its extremely high sensitivity to the presence of discontinuous disturbances in the earth's crust, the boundaries of heterogeneous rocks, including structures that are poorly distinguishable in seismic exploration methods. Compared with seismic methods, the proposed method does not require special preparation of profiles, blasting, is performed by several operators on foot or using any type of ground transport. Significantly reduces the complexity, cost and timing of geophysical work.

Figure 1 shows a functional diagram of a device for recording the natural electromagnetic field of the Earth.

Figure 2 presents a block diagram of one of the channels of the device.

Figure 3 is a block diagram of a control device.

Figure 4 shows typical daily changes in the intensity of the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth for different decades and months of the year.

Figure 5 is an example of constructing a graph of corrections for the non-identity of devices, where a), b) are the daily recordings of the signal of the reference and route devices, respectively; c) - a more detailed slice of the recording of two devices; d) - diurnal rate recorded by two devices on one of the receiving channels; d) - signal ratio (correction for non-identical devices).

Figure 6 shows an example of the interference caused by a closely passing car, a) the original signal recording, c) after removing the spike.

Figure 7 - the results of profile measurements of the relative intensity of the natural electromagnetic field of the Earth in the area of the thrust of the thrust in the Tomsk region in various years, after the removal of temporary variations.

On Fig shows the change in the intensity of the EEMP along the route crossing the geological fault.

Figure 9 shows the change in the intensity of the pulse flux along the profile crossing two adjacent oil fields.

Table 1 shows a sample table filled in during statistical processing of the measurement results for each i-th route device with respect to each j-th reference device and each device receiving channel.

Table 2 shows a sample table filled in to obtain the final result of the profile changes in the intensity of the EEMPZ with three route devices (4C, D6, C2) and three reference devices (0A-basic, 8D, BE), followed by averaging the readings of all stations and one of the orientation directions antennas (west-east).

The method of geophysical exploration is implemented using devices for recording the parameters of the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth (Fig. 1), each of which contains antennas for receiving the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth in the north-south 1 direction (antenna S-S), in the west-east direction 2 (antenna З-В) and in the vertical direction 3 (antenna vertical), which are respectively connected to the channels for receiving the magnetic component of the signal in the north-south direction 4 (channel 1), west-east 5 (channel 2), to the channel with a circular d 6 diagram the reception directivity (Channel 3). Channels 4 (channel 1), 5 (channel 2), 6 (channel 3) are connected to the control device 7, which can be connected to the serial port of computer 8 (computer).

Antennas for receiving the Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field in the north-south direction 1 (antenna north-south), in the west-east direction 2 (antenna 3B) and in the vertical direction 3 (vertical antenna) relative to the plane of the earth’s surface are magnetic ferrite antennas that receive signals in the very low frequency range.

The channels for receiving the magnetic component of the signal in the north-south direction 4 (channel 1), west-east 5 (channel 2) and in the vertical direction 6 (channel 3) are implemented identically. The device of one of the channels shown in figure 2.

The antenna output for receiving the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth in the north-south direction 1 (antenna C-S) is connected to the input of the pre-amplifier 9 (CCP), to which the first attenuator 10 (ATT 1), the first amplifier 11 (CSS 1) are connected in series , a band-pass filter 12 (PF), a second attenuator 13 (ATT 2), a second amplifier 14 (US 2), a repeater 15 (POVT). The output of the second amplifier 14 (US 2) through the comparator 16 (COMP) is connected to the microcontroller channel 17, which is connected to the first and second attenuators 10 (ATT 1), 13 (ATT 2), comparator 16 (COMP) and repeater 15 (POVT) .

The channel microcontroller 17 is connected by communication and control channels to the control microcontroller 18 (Fig. 3) of the control device 7.

The control device 7 (figure 3) contains a control microcontroller 18 connected to the buzzer 19, the start button 20, random access memory 21 (RAM), clock 22, the serial port controller 23, which is connected to the GPS navigator 24. The serial port controller 23 is connected to random access memory 21 (RAM) and clock 22. The control microcontroller 18 is connected to a computer 8 (computer).

Preamplifier 9 (CCP) can be implemented on the chip OR184. Attenuators 10 (ATT 1) and 13 (ATT 2) are implemented on the AD7528LR chip. Amplifiers 11 (US 1) and 14 (US 2) are implemented on the OP184 chip. Band-pass filter 12 (PF) can be performed on the chip OR184. The repeater 15 (POVT) can be performed on the chip OR184. Comparator 16 (COMP) is implemented on the AD8561 chip. As the microcontroller channel 17 used microcontroller type ADuC841BS. The control microcontroller 18 is implemented on the AT89C52 chip. The buzzer 19 is made on the basis of a piezoelectric buzzer type EFM-260. Start button 20 type KM1. Random access memory 21 (RAM) is made on a chip K6X8008S2V. Watch 22 is implemented on the DS1687 chip. The serial port controller 23 is implemented on the AT89C4051 chip. As the GPS navigator 24, the GARMIN series navigator is used.

A device for recording parameters of the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth works as follows.

Pulsed electromagnetic fields generated by a rock mass at the device location point, received by antennas 1, 2, 3, are fed to the inputs of the corresponding channels 4, 5, 6, where the pulses are filtered in a certain frequency band and their amplitude is summed up by the number of pulses for a given period time. The control device 7 controls the operation of the entire device using a specialized program.

The control device 7 through a serial interface such as RS-232 or RS-485 can be connected to a computer 10 (computer) for recording programs, setting measurement modes at the stages of setting up the device before starting measurements. The control device 7 receives / transfers data from / to the computer after completion of profile measurements, synchronizes the operation of channels 4, 5, 6 with the help of a real-time clock 22, programs the parameters of the amplifier paths of various channels of the device, reads digital data from channels 4, 5, 6 and saves them in RAM 21.

Channel 4, 5, 6 are controlled via a serial high-speed interface. The measurement data is stored in random access memory 21 (RAM). RAM capacity 1 MB. Perhaps the expansion of RAM up to 4 MB.

First, the signal from the antenna 1 is fed to the preamplifier 9 (CCP), where the antenna resistance is matched with the first attenuator 10 (ATT 1). In the first attenuator 10 (ATT 1), the signal amplitude is attenuated while maintaining its shape. The attenuation value can be adjusted stepwise in the process of setting up the device for recording the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field (256 attenuation steps). The desired level of signal attenuation is set by the microcontroller of channel 17 by command from computer 8 (computer) through control device 7, by the operator’s command in the process of setting up the device. After amplification by the first amplifier 11 (US 1), an analog signal is fed to the input of a band-pass filter 12 (PF), which passes only a signal in a given frequency band. Next, the analog signal in the desired frequency band is fed to the second amplification stage, consisting of a second attenuator 13 (ATT 2) and a second amplifier 14 (US 2), where a subsequent decrease in the signal amplitude occurs with stepwise adjustment of the signal attenuation using the channel 17 microcontroller. From the output the second amplifier 14 (US 2) the amplified and filtered analog signal is fed to the repeater 15 (POVT) and the comparator 16 (COMP). Comparator 16 (COMP) compares the amplitude of the received signals with the value of the reference voltage and generates rectangular pulses at the output, if the received signals exceed the amplitude of the reference voltage. The reference voltage of the comparator 16 (COMP) is adjusted from the computer keyboard 8 (computer) using the channel 17 microcontroller at the device setup stage. By adjusting the reference voltage, pulses with a small amplitude are removed. They, as a rule, represent noise of instrumental origin, technogenic interference, as well as uninformative fluctuation noises of natural origin. From the comparator 16 (COMP), rectangular pulses are fed to the built-in counters of the microcontroller of channel 17, and the number of pulses received by antennas 1, 2, 3 is counted in a given time discrete. From the output of the second amplifier 14 (US 2), the amplified and filtered analog signal is fed to a repeater 15 (POVT), which is designed to coordinate the output of amplifier 14 (US 2) with the input of the built-in ADC of the microcontroller of channel 17. Using the ADC, the analog signal of the measured parameter EIEMP is digitized . This digitized signal is either stored or the pulse amplitude is determined and stored. Thus, the microcontroller of channel 17 provides registration of the current time, the number of pulses and the magnitude of the amplitude of the first pulse that came to this channel in a given time discrete. From the channel 17 microcontroller, the above-mentioned information about the EEEMP is supplied to the control microcontroller 18 of the control device 7. The control device 7, using the serial interface of the RS-232 or RS-485 type, receives / transmits data between the computer 8 (computer) and the control device, performs preliminary processing analog signals, synchronizes the operation of all measuring channels, programs the parameters of the amplification paths, reads digital data from the channels into the buffer memory, digitizes the analog govyh signals from the measuring channels.

Thus, at the output of the device for recording the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth, a file is generated in the computer memory 8 (computer) containing the following information: calendar date and current time, channel number, number of pulses received on this channel in one time discrete (1 second, 10 sec, 1 min, etc.), set by the operator before starting the measurement, the amplitude of the first pulse that came to this channel in a given time discrete, as well as 128 digitized values of the shape of the first pulse recorded in this scratch of time.

Hours 22 carry out the binding of the time of arrival of pulses EIEMP to a single world time. The clock is set using the GPS navigator 24 either at the time of starting the device, or at the time of pressing the start button 20.

The buzzer 19 turns on at the moment the start button 20 is pressed and turns off after the device automatically turns off after a measurement time specified by the operator at this picket. With his sound signal, he notifies the operator about the operation of the station in measurement mode.

A separate program has been developed for channels 4 (channel 1), 5 (channel 2), 6 (channel 3), which are loaded into the built-in electrically reprogrammable ROM of channel 17 microcontroller. This allows you to quickly change the algorithms for collecting and preprocessing data.

Consider the example of performing profile measurements in the area of the Urbin thrust in the Tomsk region.

Six devices were used to record the parameters of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field. Antennas 1, 2, 3 of these devices were installed at a distance of not more than one meter from each other. Using a compass for the same reception channels 4, 5, 6, the antennas were oriented in the same given directions of space. With the start button 20, all devices were turned on, according to the exact time signal using the clock 22, using the GPS navigator 24.

Within several minutes, the signal intensity was measured (the number of pulses per 1 sec (10 sec, 1 min, etc.) of observations). The measurement results were stored in the device as a file and displayed on a computer screen in the form of a measurement table. At the same time, specialized programs developed for these devices were used.

Then, channels 4 (channel 1), 5 (channel 2), 6 (channel 3) of each device were tuned for optimal sensitivity. At the same time, it was taken into account that the rhythmic movement of the earth's crust, the processes of generating electromagnetic signals associated with it can be detected only with the optimal sensitivity of the devices for recording the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field.

We have identified such optimal sensitivities as a result of many years of observing the variations of the EEEMP in various regions of Eurasia.

The sensitivity was chosen in accordance with local geophysical conditions so that the recorded signal intensity was close in its values to the intensity of the "typical" diurnal course (Fig. 4).

Figure 4 shows typical changes in the intensity of the EEEPA during the day for various decades of different months of the year, obtained by us on the basis of long-term observations of the variations of EEEPA in the Baikal region.

When adjusting the sensitivity after several minutes of operation of each device, the average minute values of the intensity of the pulse flux (the number of pulses recorded in one minute of observations) were determined to record the parameters of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field. The obtained values were compared with the corresponding intensity values in figure 4. If the recorded intensity was less than it should be in the corresponding decade, month of the year, and the corresponding hour of measurements, then the sensitivity of the device was increased, if more, it was reduced. Increasing or decreasing the sensitivity of the device was carried out from the keyboard of a computer 8 (computer) by changing the reference voltage on the comparator 16 (COMP) and / or changing the attenuation steps on the attenuators 10 (ATT 1) and 13 (ATT 2). Repeating this operation, it was ensured that the difference between the measured and the intensity values shown in FIG. 4 did not differ by more than two to three times. After adjusting the devices for optimal sensitivity, we proceeded to the second stage: adjusting the identity of all devices for recording the parameters of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field. Such adjustment is necessary and must be done with great care, since the quality of geophysical information to a certain extent depends on the identity of reference and route devices.

This is due, firstly, to the fact that not only impulses of atmospheric origin (atmosphere), but also impulses coming from remote geophysical sources make up a significant share in the structure of the EEEMP. Such impulses arising outside the territory of interest do not carry information about the geological structure of the observation point and should be eliminated from consideration at the stages of processing the results. The significant non-identity of the route and reference devices will lead to the fact that the same impulse from the same distant source will be recorded by different devices in different ways. This will lead to errors in the recognition of pulses of local origin and, as a consequence, to a decrease in the accuracy of the method.

Secondly, errors are possible due to inaccurate binding of hours 22 to a single time. Differences in time between different devices can cause the same pulse to be recorded by different devices in different time samples, and then interpreted as two different pulses, which will also increase the error in the allocation of pulses of local origin.

To reduce the likelihood of such errors in the devices, a block 24 (GPS navigator) is provided, which provides a more accurate binding of all devices to a single world time. The second purpose of the GPS navigator 24 is to automatically determine the geographical coordinates of the measurement point, which improves the quality of the obtained geophysical information.

The exact identity of the reception of signals by all devices was carried out using a specialized tuning program, the essence of which is that during the setup process the operator sees on the computer screen 8 (computer) the readings of several devices for recording the parameters of the Earth's natural electromagnetic pulsed field in real time. Changing the attenuation coefficients on the attenuators 10 (ATT 1) and 13 (ATT 2) and the reference voltage in the comparators 16 (COMP), gradually improved the identity of the readings of the various devices.

The tuning process is illustrated in Fig. 5, where Figs. 5 (a) and (b) show the signal intensity records on a computer 8 (computer) by two devices for recording the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field (devices C2 and 0A), installed next to each other to tune them to optimal sensitivity and identity. In this case, the adjustment was carried out in late August. The identity of the recorded daily course for both devices is visible. The registered daily diurnal is similar to that shown in Fig. 4 of the typical daily diurnal for the last ten days of August (a decrease in signal intensity in the morning and an increase in the night and afternoon). The larger scatter of points in Fig. 5 compared with Fig. 4 is due to the fact that, when constructing Fig. 4, measurements averaged over several years and ten days of each decade were used, while Fig. 5 shows single measurements for one day . When setting up, it is important not so much quantitative as qualitative coincidence of the readings of customizable devices with typical daily moves. But what is especially important is the maximum possible not only qualitative, but also quantitative coincidence of the readings of various devices with each other.

The sensitivity of the devices was checked not only by the number of recorded pulses for a certain time interval, but also by comparing the moment of arrival of individual pulses. Figure 5 (c) shows examples of signal recording by two devices in the west-east direction on channel 5 (channel 2) for randomly taken 400 seconds of measurements. For clarity, the readings of the device 0A are multiplied by minus one. It can be seen that these devices register pulses at the same time, and their number differs slightly. Such an identity of the records provides for the subsequent analysis of field measurements a sufficiently high-quality removal of temporal variations and the allocation of spatial differences in the "radiative" properties of various points in the space of the investigated territory.

The difference in the readings of the various devices remaining after adjustment was eliminated by introducing corrections according to previously obtained correction schedules. The need for such amendments is due to the fact that in the manufacture of equipment the absolute identity of the receiving antennas, the bands of the received frequencies, the characteristics of the filters, amplifiers, comparators and other elements and units of the devices cannot be achieved. Therefore, the difference in the readings remaining after their adjustment is taken into account during the final processing of the measurement results.

To obtain a schedule of corrections for the non-identity of devices, all previously installed devices for registering the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field were put into operation in a continuous measurement mode. The discreteness of the interrogation of channels was set to the same as it will be in the future during subsequent measurements. The measurement results for each device were recorded as a file in computer 8 (computer) containing the device number, calendar date, current time, channel number, the number of pulses received on this channel in one time discrete, the amplitude of the first pulse received on this channel in given discrete time.

In this mode, synchronous measurements of time variations of the fields by all devices were carried out during the day or during predefined working hours so that it is during these working hours that profile measurements will subsequently be performed.

They made a decision about the duration of future measurements t _ISM at one physical point (picket) of research profiles. Typically, the measurement duration t _ISM is 3-5 minutes.

Records of time variations of fields obtained during synchronous measurements were divided into a sequence of segments of duration t _ISM and average values of intensity I _{cf were} determined _. . _{ISM i} for each device and each direction of signal reception at each such time interval. We plotted changes in the average signal intensity I _{cf. ISM i} recorded by this device in such a period of time from the time of day or working hours:

I _{cf. ISM i} = f (t _{ISM i} ),

where t _{ism i} is the current time inside the day or inside business hours (Fig. 5 (g));

i is the number of the picket or the length of time.

The graphs obtained in this way were compared with each other and the devices were sorted according to their further purpose: either “reference” or “route”, with an approximately equal number of those and other devices. As the reference, we selected those devices that during the day or during the measured working hours showed the closest signal intensity values to the average values of the readings of all devices.

Among the selected reference devices, one “basic” device was selected with the closest signal intensities recorded by this device to the average values of the readings of all devices combined.

For each device and each direction of signal reception using a computer 8 (computer), we calculated and built graphs of corrections K _i for the non-identity of devices, similar to the graph shown in Fig. 5 (e), and reflecting the difference in the readings of this i-th device and the corresponding indications of the basic device at a specific time of the day or working hours:

K _i = f (t),

where K _i = I _{cp. var i} (t) / I _{cf. rev. bases} (t)

I _{cf. ISM bases} (t) - the average value of the signal intensity in the corresponding direction of reception for the base device in a given time interval of the day or working hours.

Smooth the correction graphs obtained in this way for device non-identity with a sliding window of such width (duration) so that the obtained graphs K _{i sm} = f (t) do not have sharp jumps during the entire working time (Fig. 5 (e), bold curve).

We memorized the smoothing results in the form of graphs or tables, or entered these tables into specialized programs for automatically processing the results of field measurements.

Having completed such preparatory operations, they began examining the area of interest by conducting profile or area measurements.

The parameters of each device were set in accordance with the parameters determined during the setup process.

Then all the reference devices were installed (in this example there were 3), including the basic one, in one of the selected points (reference points) of the surveyed area, the antennas were oriented to the cardinal points using a compass. Clock 22 of all devices was set on the GPS navigator 24 with reference to the universal world time by pressing the start button 20.

The reference devices were launched in a continuous measurement mode with a given discrete sampling of channels, in this example, 1 time per second. With route devices we switched to the first picket (physical point) of the profile. Oriented antennas 1, 2, 3 in space using a compass. The binding to the unified world time was carried out by command, by pressing the start button 20. Measurements were made by all route devices during the previously selected time interval t _ISM (5 minutes) and with the given sampling resolution of the polling of receiving channels.

After completing the measurements at the first physical point, the route devices were moved to the next physical point (picket) and measurements were again carried out in a similar way.

The measured values were stored using random access memory 21 (RAM).

Upon completion of the profile measurements at all pickets using a computer 8 (computer), using specially designed programs, we carried out statistical processing of the results and calculated the spatial variations of the measured EEMPZ parameters along the profile.

The following processing sequence was used.

For the first route device and one of its channels (for example, for the west-east 5 receive channel (channel 2), the dependence of the signal intensity change on the measurement time at this picket was built, starting from the moment the device was started using the start button 20 on this picket (t _{early. MOD i),} until the end of measurement (t _{graduated. MOD i).} determines the dispersion of the measurement results at this picket and the confidence interval. If constructed according to explicit detected emissions (individual values, logged at some short time, exceeded the confidence interval by several times), then such values were regarded as “suspicious” (Fig. 6 (a), 145-146 seconds of measurement), requiring additional analysis. portions readings reference devices for the same moments of time between the _{beginning of t. i} and t _{edited graduated. edited} for channels _i with the same orientation. If the indications of reference devices such emission is not detected, then such abnormal samples in indications Plan route Nogo device is removed or replaced by the average value of the intensity of the signal on this picket for this routing device, calculated excluding emission (Figure 6 (b)).

In the same way, the quality of the measurement results of all reference devices was checked by comparing their readings with each other and with the readings of route devices. Random emissions were removed.

Then we built measurement tables on this profile. Table 1 shows an example of the allocation of spatial variations of the EEEMP for the route device 4C with respect to the base device 0A along the reception channel in the west-east direction. To do this, according to the indications of the route device, the measurement time at this picket was determined and column 2 was filled out. The correction value for this device 4C and this channel with respect to the base device 0A was determined by the measurement time and the corresponding schedule of corrections for the device’s identity (column 3). In the above example, from 14 hours to 16 hours 30 minutes, the correction value practically did not change, therefore the same average correction values for this time of day are given. In the same way, the corrections for the corresponding reference device were determined and column 4 was filled. In the above example, the readings of the route device 4C are compared with the base device 0A. The non-identity correction for the base device is always equal to one.

Then we determined the average values of the signal intensity at this picket for a specific route device and a specific receive channel (in the example for the 4C device and the receive channel in the west-east direction, column 5), average signal intensities recorded at the same time by the corresponding channel of the base or reference device (column 6). Corrected the readings of this channel of this device taking into account their non-identity (column 7). The correction was made by dividing all the values listed in column 5 by the values of the corrections for non-identity (column 3) for both the route device and the reference device with respect to the basic device (columns 7, 8).

We calculated the spatial deviations of the EEMPZ variations at this picket relative to the reference territory by removing from the testimony of the route device the time variations recorded by the reference device. For this, the average values of the readings of the base device (table 1, column 8) or the adjusted values of the corresponding channel of the corresponding reference device were subtracted from the adjusted average values of the signal strength of the route device at this picket (table 1, column 7). The obtained values were entered in column 9.

We also determined the profile variations in the intensity of the EEMPZ for all other route devices with respect to the base device and all reference devices and filled in table 2, columns 2-10. Table 2 presents the results of measurements of spatial variations in the intensity of the EEMPZ along the west-east reception channel by three route devices 4C, D6, C2 and three reference devices 0A - basic, 8D and BE. The average values of the profile variations in the intensity of the EIEMP pulse stream were found in a certain direction of signal reception for all measurements (Table 2, column 11). A similar processing was performed in other directions of signal reception, and the final dependences of the profile variations in the intensity of the EEEP were constructed.

We analyzed the spatial variations of the EIMPZ along this profile in all directions of signal reception. We made a conclusion about the presence of a geophysical anomaly on the studied profile, mapped the boundaries of the anomaly, made a geological interpretation of the results.

To check the reproducibility of the results, this route was passed several times. Figure 7 presents some of the results of these measurements. Various methods have been used to remove temporal variations. Therefore, the curves can only be compared qualitatively. From Fig. 7 it is seen that in the region 12 of the picket, an anomaly of electromagnetic fields is observed in the form of a sharp decrease in the intensity of the Earth’s natural pulsed electromagnetic field along the west-east reception channel.

High-quality tuning and good identity of reference and route devices provide a clear identification of anomalies even on different days, in the summer and autumn months, including on days of thunderstorm activity, in the presence of deep snow cover of the soil. This is ensured by the fact that the atmospheres arising at the moment of lightning discharge are recorded to the same extent by both reference and route devices and, therefore, are well removed when spatial variations of the EEEMP are detected.

Presented on the graphs (Fig. 7), the geophysical anomaly is most likely associated with one of the discontinuous disturbances in the earth's surface that extend across the boundary of the Urba thrust. On the terrain, this anomaly was confined to a long ravine, framed on one side by a gentle slope, and on the other hand by a high bank with a steep long rise.

We give an example of the detection of a geological fault. The measurements were carried out in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The route was crossed by an activated fracture of unclear morphology and kinematics, identified on the basis of deciphering aerial and satellite images. The distance between the pickets was 50 meters. The measurement time at each picket was at least 5 minutes (300 seconds). Readability was 1 second. Therefore, at each picket, at least 300 measurements of the intensity of the EEMP were performed.

On Fig presents the results of measurements of the intensity of the flow of pulses EIEMP. As can be seen from the above figures, a rather complicated spatial change in the pulse flow with several maxima in both directions of signal reception is observed.

The most significant anomaly stands out between 65 and 95 pickets. It is at this section of the route that the activated fault crosses, separating the neotectonic blocks.

The use of the EEEMP to search for hydrocarbon deposits is based on the fact that many mineral deposits, including hydrocarbon deposits, are confined to zones of increased heterogeneity of the earth's crust, to zones of geological faults and their intersections. According to the results of our many years of research, these are precisely these zones that are the sources of high intensity EEMPF fields. Secondly, the structural lithological traps themselves have increased heterogeneity at the water-oil and gas-oil contacts. At the same time, traps should be closed systems capable of accumulating and retaining hydrocarbon feedstocks. In the presence of a system of numerous discontinuous faults that are always present in the earth's crust, the tightness of traps is possible only under the condition of low mobility of the crack sides relative to each other and, accordingly, low efficiency of mechanoelectric transformations.

Consequently, a territory promising for a possible hydrocarbon content should be distinguished in the surrounding space by a radiating halo and an internal zone of “silence”. The zone of low level of electromagnetic fields should be located directly above the hydrocarbon field itself.

Testing the applicability of the proposed method was carried out at several oil and gas fields in the Tomsk region, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and in Udmurtia. Here is an example of using the proposed method for determining the boundaries of two oil fields in Udmurtia. The work was carried out in November 2008.

When performing these studies, twenty devices were simultaneously used to register the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field. Ten devices functioned as reference (motionless) and ten devices as route. All benchmarks were in the center of unproductive territory. The measurement results are presented in Fig.9. It can be seen that the productive territory of fields 1 and 2 is distinguished by lower signal intensities compared to non-productive territories. Moreover, as you approach the center of the field (hydrocarbon trap), the signal intensity decreases more and more. Therefore, according to the results of these measurements, it is possible to evaluate not only the boundaries of the fields, but also the productivity of individual sections of this particular field. The boundaries of the oil-water contacts (WOC) of these deposits are shown by vertical lines.

table 2 Method of geophysical exploration The difference between the average intensity readings of route and reference devices, imp./sec Average imp./sec Picket number 4C0A D60a C20A 4C8D D68d C28d 4 CBE D6be S2BE one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven twenty 0.00469 0.01288 -0.01518 -0.01022 -0.00204 -0.0301 0.02334 0.03152 0.00346 0.00204 19 0.0485 -0.06452 -0.05026 -0.000883 -0.1139 -0.09964 0.07867 -0.03435 0.02008 -0.0285 eighteen 0.02604 -0.02904 -0.02327 0.02013 -0.06062 -0.05484 0.07629 -0.01097 -0.0052 -0.00683 17 0.0703 -0.03603 -0.04422 0.03594 -0.07039 -0.07857 0.08168 -0.02465 -0.03283 -0.01097 16 0.05706 -0.1349 -0.07733 0.08132 -0.11065 -0.05307 0.11297 -0.079 -0.02143 -0.025 fifteen 0.10348 -0.06302 -0.00236 0.07033 -0.09616 -0.0355 0.1121 -0.05439 0.00627 0.00453 fourteen 0.04203 -0.02004 -0.02036 0.07508 0.01301 0.01268 0.11328 0.05121 0.05089 0.03531 13 0.1136 -0.0727 -0.07712 0.06591 -0.12039 -0.12481 0.1359 -0.05039 -0.05481 -0.02053 12.6 0.20411 0.06203 -0.00267 0.09894 -0.04315 -0.03425 0.21923 0.07715 -0.00737 0.06378 12.3 0.04512 -0.03805 0.03156 0.04642 -0.03674 0.03286 0.08751 0.00435 0.07395 0.02744 12 -0.02792 -0.10719 -0.07781 -0.03102 -0.11029 -0.08091 0.014 -0.06527 -0.03589 -0.05803 11.6 -0.01966 -0.07435 -0.03812 -0.05064 -0.10533 -0.0691 -0.0309 -0.08559 -0.04935 -0.05811 11.3 -0.02677 -0.08208 -0.05668 -0.01876 -0.07406 -0.05369 0.07258 0.01727 0.03625 -0.02066 eleven 0.031 -0.07457 -0.16406 -0.02946 -0.13503 -0.22452 0.05057 -0.055 -0.14449 -0.08284 10 -0.05917 0.02499 -0.07179 -0.03064 0.0407 -0.05608 -0.02198 0.05577 -0.04102 -0.01769 9 0.02782 -0.01753 -0.05925 0.06308 0.01773 -0.02399 0.05133 0.00598 -0.03574 0.00327 8 -0.02414 -0.11182 -0.06875 -0.01281 -0.10048 -0.05741 0.05513 -0.03254 0.01053 -0.03803 7 0.02022 -0.0213 -0.04209 0.02996 -0.01156 -0.03234 0.06728 0.02575 0.00497 0.00454 6 0.04865 -0.08384 -0.12918 0.09077 -0.04172 -0.08705 0.1086 -0.02389 -0.06923 -0.02077

Claims (1)

A method of geophysical exploration, including synchronous measurements of the intensity of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field (EIEMF) at various points in the surveyed area, while all measurements are carried out in the very low frequency range in at least two different directions of signal reception using devices for recording EIEMP parameters moreover, one stationary device is used as a base device, while others are used as routing devices; they determine the spatial variations of the EIEMP parameters along the For work, by removing from the testimony of route devices the temporary variations of the EEMPZ measured by the basic device, using the obtained spatial variations of the parameters of the EEMPZ, give a geological interpretation of the results obtained, and prospective territories containing oil or gas include an area with anomalously low values of the intensity of the EEMPZ, characterized in that that additionally record the moment of arrival and the number of pulses of the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth, while at the beginning of the antenna n taps for recording the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth, where n = 2, 3, 4, are installed at a distance of not more than 1 m from each other and for the same reception channels they orient the antennas in the same given directions of space, adjust the sensitivity of the channels according to the typical daily course of the EEEP, then comparing the readings of the devices with each other, align the sensitivity of the channels receiving signals from the same directions, adjusting the attenuation coefficients and the values of the reference voltages received by the pair The device settings are remembered, then synchronous measurements of the time variations of the fields by all devices are performed during the working hours, the average intensity values for each device and each direction of signal reception are determined, the graphs of the average intensity change over time are built, comparing the obtained graphs with each other, the devices are sorted on benchmarks and route, moreover, those devices whose readings are close to the average values of the readings of all devices are selected as reference devices among reference devices TV selects the basic device that registered the closest signal intensity values to the average values of the readings of the reference devices, for each device and each direction of signal reception, the device identities are determined for changes that characterize the change in the ratio of the average signal intensity of this device to the average value over the course of a day or working hours signal intensities in the corresponding direction of receiving the base device, plot corrections, smooth their cleavage with a window of such a length that they do not have sharp jumps, then install reference devices, including the base one, at selected points of the surveyed area, orient the antennas of their identical receiving channels in the same given direction of space, using the parameters determined during setup, spend on the exact time signal measurements in continuous mode with a given discreteness of channel polling, then, using route devices, conduct profiling, and their antennas are oriented in space so, h so that their orientation coincides with the orientation of the antennas of the reference devices, and the settings and measurements correspond to the previously selected values, using correction graphs, the readings of all devices are corrected for non-identity in accordance with the direction of signal reception and measurement time, the variations of the measured parameters of the EIMPZ along the profile are determined by removing from the testimony of route devices temporary variations recorded by reference devices, conclude that there is a geophysical anomaly on the studied m profile, map the boundaries of the anomalies and give a geological interpretation of the results, while the presence of structural and lithological heterogeneities is estimated by the change in signal intensity, and discontinuous disturbances are detected by increased values of the signal intensity, and large and transcontinental faults increase the signal intensity in the coastal region and lower the intensity the signal in the axial zone, and when mapping the boundaries of hydrocarbon or other mineral deposits compare I route devices with benchmarks that are installed on a productive territory, and consider productive those territories where the recorded parameters differ slightly from the parameters recorded by the reference devices, the remaining territories are classified as unproductive, along the boundaries of productive and unproductive territories outline the field boundary, if there is no information on the productivity of the territory, then, by conducting the above measurements, determine the territories with the lowest by the immensely high intensity of the EEEMP, then, using other methods of geophysical exploration or drilling, they determine the presence of oil or gas in one of the anomalous territories, using the obtained complex results, divide the remaining territory into productive and unproductive, and those productive territories that are recorded by devices slightly differ from the parameters recorded by devices in territories with the presence of oil and gas, the remaining territories are classified as unproductive.

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