RU2414272C1 - Fire cabinet with readily replaceable door glass and method for making thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting means.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to fire-fighting equipment, its stationary equipment, namely to fire hydrant cabinets, as well as to construction, namely, to a fire cabinet door design. A fire cabinet comprises a shell, a locked door window in the form of a rectangular frame with its inner boundaries matched with those of the shell door when the door is closed. The frame is made of a elastic sheeting, interior angles of the frame and adjoining internal edges of the frame match with the interior angles and adjoining insides of the shell door when the door is closed; in between, on the lateral and bottom internal edges of the frame, there are locking glass guide slots representing at least three flanges turned into the frame the middle of which is folded back to the shell and enables the glass leaning against the sell to be pressed between the middle and outside flanges. A lower interior of the shell is provided with a means visibly discolouring after ingress of a water drop; the same means is attached to an end face of a nosepiece.

EFFECT: easier approach to the fire hydrant in case of fire, fast and simple door repair and enabled well-timed detection of hydrant leaking.

6 cl

Description

The present invention relates to the satisfaction of human needs, fire fighting equipment, fire fighting equipment, its stationary equipment, wall cabinets with fire-fighting accessories, namely, cabinets for fire hydrants, as well as construction, windows, namely the design of the shutters.

A “fire cabinet” (generic name: “cabinet”) is a cabinet fastened to a floor or wall (or in its niche), containing a sash.

The cabinet is designed to meet 2 conflicting requirements:

1. Unobstructed, because of instant access to the fire hydrant during a fire.

2. The ability to determine at any time the implementation of unauthorized access to the cabinet on the following grounds:

2zp At the time of access - by the sound of breaking through the glass of the sash or

2zo. The constant possibility of visual detection of unauthorized access to the cabinet due to the lack of glass in the casement, the change in the internal state of the cabinet (discoloration of the internal surfaces, disappearance of objects or the appearance of new objects in it, maybe terrorist means: explosive, flammable, bacteriological, etc., in including those triggered when the sash is opened (briefly: "means").

In addition, there is a consistent 3rd requirement: the ability to easily access for a given time to check the health of the fire hydrant.

As the first analogue of the device, a cabinet is selected that contains a housing 10 in a recess of the wall 11 with an opaque non-lockable sash in the form of a shutter 12, for opening the slide downward along the guides [1].

This analogue fully meets the requirements of 1 (unobstructed, therefore instant access to the fire hydrant during a fire) and 3 (unimpeded access during inspections of its serviceability), because the sash is not locked.

The disadvantage of the 1st analogue of the cabinet is the failure to comply with requirement 2, i.e. the impossibility of determining at any time the implementation of unauthorized access to the cabinet, therefore, the manager, looking at the closed sash, believes that there was no unauthorized access, because each person knows only his thoughts, therefore he ascribes them to others, i.e. “Judges others by himself”, and for the leader any access is allowed, he does not need to steal a sleeve and install a means of terrorism. But what does the word "believe" mean? “Believe” (as well as the single-rooted words “believe”, “assure”, etc.) - take for truth what is not proven, therefore, such a closed leaf creates a fraudulent, false sense of fire safety.

But in fact, an opaque, unlocked sash leads some people to such thoughts:

1. The possibility of undisclosed theft: if without witnesses, quietly and freely open the sash, take away the fire hose with the barrel, close the sash, then financially responsible persons and managers will be sure before the fire or the next annual check that the crane is in constant readiness (sleeve with a barrel not stolen).

2. Possibility of installing the device in the cabinet, and during the test or fire, the device can trigger. Such a relatively cheap cabinet can only be installed in a room with correctly selected frames (the analogue is installed in the family house, a picture is drawn on the sash)

Fire safety specialists are aware of various supposedly “improvements” to such cabinets, for example, the simplest so-called "Witnesses":

1. A witness in the form of a paper strip with some date and painting, glued as a “bridge” through the gap between the body and the sash. It enhances the sense of fraudulent security, at the same time helps the criminal: after access, it is enough to glue the torn strip with the same strip of a slightly larger size.

2. A witness is even more dangerous in the form of not a paper, but a self-adhesive strip: it is enough to peel off one of the ends before opening the sash, and then glue it to its former place, here even paper and glue are not required. Such "witnesses" should not be.

The domestic cabinet containing an opaque casement with a window with transparent colorless glass locked by a lock is selected as the 2nd analogue of the device, moreover, one key to the lock is placed in an unopened drawer behind glass on the cabinet or next to the cabinet, and the other key is stored in a key safe [2].

This is the only analogue that satisfies to the greatest extent all 3 requirements:

1st (almost unimpeded access during a fire, for which it is enough to break through ordinary thin glass),

2nd (not only the detection of unauthorized access by 2zp, i.e. by the sound of breaking glass, and 2zo, i.e. visual detection of the absence of glass, but also an obstacle to unauthorized access was created thanks to a strong locked shutter with a small window) and

3rd (the sash is unlocked with a key from the safe without any time limit).

Disadvantages of the 2nd analogue cabinet:

2.1. Difficult to fulfill requirement 1: during the fire, 1 precious seconds will be lost, because in a hurry they will not immediately find a box with a key, they will not immediately break the glass in front of the key (in a narrow window, do not break a small glass with a fist), they will not immediately enter the keyhole with the key , do not immediately open the lock and open the sash.

2.2. The complexity of the design of the sash (many parts), so the increased cost of the sash.

2.3. The sharp-angled remains of broken glass remaining fastened to the sash after breaking the glass, which could injure the firefighter's hands.

2.4. The increased cost of restoring the sash after a fire, because you need to remove the mentioned glass residues fastened to the sash and fix the new glass in the same way as in the manufacture of the sash.

2.5. There is no means for timely detection of the most probable valve malfunction: drip leakage through the seals in the pipe-valve-sleeve-barrel connections and in the valve itself due to their aging, because the drops are colorless and the place where they fall is not visible through the window .

The 2nd analogue is suitable for a room where the expected probability of damage from the theft of a fire hose and the operation of heat means is high.

As the 3rd analogue of the device, a cabinet containing a case A, a sash B in the form of a frame with a rectangular glass C with rounded corners, with the sash closed, the straight sections of the glass C coincide with the perimeter of the entrance to the cabinet [3].

This analogue fully meets the requirements of 1 (unobstructed, instant access to the fire hydrant during a fire due to glass breaking) and 3 (unimpeded access during checks of its operability), since there is a key to the sash lock.

Disadvantages of the 3rd analog cabinet:

3.1. Incomplete fulfillment of requirement 2, because the rounded corners of the glass C have unseeable places in the cabinet where small devices can be fixed.

3.2. Some difficulty in manufacturing, because glass C has rounded corners, which increases the cost of glass.

3.3. The sharp-angled remains of broken glass remaining fastened to the sash after breaking the glass, which could injure the firefighter's hands.

3.4. The increased cost of restoring the sash after a fire, because you need to remove the mentioned glass residues fastened to the sash and fix the new glass in the same way as in the manufacture of the sash.

3.5. There is no means for timely detection of the most probable valve malfunction: drip leakage through the seals in the pipe-valve-sleeve-barrel joints and in the valve itself due to their aging, because the drops are colorless.

As a prototype of the device, a cabinet is selected comprising a housing 14, a lockable glazed sash 28 in the form of a rectangular frame, the inner borders of which, when the sash is closed, coincide with the internal borders of the entrance to the housing 14 [4].

The cabinet prototype comprises a housing 14 mounted in a wall niche 12, a sash 28 in the form of a rectangular frame with sides 30 and transparent clear glass 32 with an English lock 36. The sides 30 must support the weight of the glass 32 and rest against the front end of the cabinet, and the rectangular glass 32. the boundaries of which coincide with the internal boundaries of the end face of the entrance to the cabinet, provides the visibility of all angles of the internal volume of the cabinet. The prototype of the device basically satisfies all 3 requirements:

1st (almost unimpeded access during a fire, for which it is enough to break through ordinary thin glass),

2nd (detection of unauthorized access by 2kn, i.e. by the sound of breaking glass, and 2nd, i.e. visual detection of the absence of glass, and 3rd (the shutter is unlocked with a key from the safe without any time limit).

Disadvantages of the prototype cabinet:

P1. The acute-angled remnants of the broken glass 32, which are fastened with the sash 28, mostly in the corners of the frame 30, because they are fixed on two sides, and the remains at the straight sections of the frame 30 are broken out by forces acting perpendicular to one side of the frame 30 (the remnants of the glass 32 can injure the firefighter’s hands )

P2. The increased cost of restoring the sash after a fire, because you need to remove the mentioned glass residues fastened to the sash and fix the new glass in the same way as in the manufacture of the sash.

P3. There is no means for timely detection of the most probable valve malfunction: drip leakage through the seals in the pipe-valve-sleeve-barrel joints and in the valve itself due to their aging, because the drops are colorless.

The technical result of the invention of the device is to eliminate these disadvantages, i.e. reducing the pointed peaked glass residues, especially in the corners of the frame, reducing the cost of restoring the sash and the possibility of timely detection of the above drip leakage.

This technical result is achieved in that a fire cabinet containing a housing, a lockable glazed sash in the form of a rectangular frame, the inner borders of which, when the sash is closed, coincide with the internal borders of the entrance to the housing,

according to the invention,

equipped with a sash made of elastic sheet material, the inner corners of the frame and the inner edges of the frame adjacent to them are made coinciding with the inner corners and adjacent inner sides of the cabinet entrance with the sash closed, guide-clamping grooves for glass are made between them on the side and lower inner edges of the frame in the form of at least 3 protrusions directed inside the frame, the middle of which is bent towards the body with the possibility of supporting glass on it with clamping the glass between the middle and extreme protrusions, nor NJ inner surface of the housing is provided with means, apparently changes color in contact with water droplets, the same is secured on the end of the barrel of fire, only the key of the lock flap is placed in the safe for keys; in addition, a glass break sensor is glued to the inside of the glass; further, the edges of the middle protrusions are curved in an arc mainly in 90 ° with the smallest allowable radius; finally, a safety screw is screwed into the upper side of the frame.

Explanation of claim 1 of the formula. The coincidence of the corners of the frame and the entrance to the case provides an inspection of the entire internal volume of the cabinet and the absence of glass residues after it is broken, because in these places, like most of the inner perimeter of the frame, the glass is not attached to the frame, so the fragments fall freely when the glass breaks. Guide-clamping grooves (hereinafter briefly referred to as “grooves”) are intended to guide the glass during its assembly with the sash to its intended place and hold it there until it is broken by clamping between the middle and extreme protrusions, and after breaking, squeeze the fragments from the groove for their free fall . Loose glass usually rattles due to vibrations of the wall, sash, glass itself, including rapid changes in the difference in air pressure outside and inside, for example, when opening a door or window, this phenomenon prevents the glass from getting stuck between the middle and extreme protrusions. The protrusions are made predominantly rectangular, of the same size for uniformity, therefore, reducing the variety of tools for performing protrusions. The dimensions of the protrusions depend on many conditions, on the properties of the sash material, the weight and area of the glass, etc. The most loaded is the protrusion of the groove on the lower part of the frame, therefore, we consider the conditions for this groove: under pressure exerted on the glass, the bent protrusion will play the role of an inclined plane, i.e. there will be a force directed vertically at the glass in its plane, under certain conditions it can raise the glass above the edge of the protrusion, and the glass will be pressed into the body, to prevent this, the inclination of the protrusion should be less than 45 ° (for example, without glass - 30 °, with glass - about 45 °), and the coefficient of friction between the edge of the glass and the protrusion should be large, under these conditions, the height of the middle protrusion (as well as the extreme ones) should be at least 3 thicknesses of the glass, and the width can be calculated by the formulas of copromat. The side grooves should have the same dimensions, and the glass width should be less than the width of the window of the frame by 2 glass thicknesses so that it can pass along these grooves as along the guides (the gap that appears does not matter, because there is always a gap between the casement and the cabinet body) . Side guides should be at the top of the frame to better resist glass shattering.

About a drip leak detection tool. Under natural conditions, tap leakage begins with drip leakage with a further increase in flow, therefore, drip leakage should be detected as soon as possible. You can apply the appropriate paint on the lower inner surface of the cabinet. The best solution: put a scribbled sheet of plain paper on the lower inner surface of the cabinet, when a drop of water gets on the paper, it itself changes color a little, this change remains after drying, and the letters on the scribed sheet blur, which is very noticeable (“cheap and cheerful”), therefore, droplet leakage can be detected at a low drop frequency, at least once a week. A strip of such paper sticking out of the barrel will warn about the tap valve leaking. One key to the lock, stored at the guard post, almost guarantees the impossibility of unauthorized access to the fire cabinet.

Explanation of Clause 2. A standard glass break detector is part of an automatic alarm system, and sound and visual detectors are located at the guard post.

Explanation of Clause 3. When lowering the glass from above into the sash, it will rest against the middle protrusions of the upper slots, they will need to be bent to prevent this, the edges of the middle protrusions are bent along an arc of 90 °, the glass will lower to the midpoints of the lateral bent edges, bend the protrusions and pass under them.

Explanation of Clause 4. To prevent the glass from sliding upward for unauthorized access (although special tools, such as suction cups are needed for this), a screw is screwed into the frame above the glass from the inside.

As a prototype of a method for manufacturing a sash, a method is selected in which a predominantly rectangular window is made in the sash from sheet elastic material, the angular parts of which according to the technological documentation coincide with the corresponding parts of the entrance to the cabinet body, the glass is fixed in the window [4]. According to the prototype method, the glass is firmly clamped by the edge of the sash window at the manufacturer.

The disadvantage of the prototype: after breaking the glass, the sash fails, because quick replacement of the glass is not provided.

The technical result of the proposed invention of the method is to eliminate this drawback, i.e. the ability to quickly replace glass.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method in which a leaf of elastic sheet material is predominantly a rectangular window, which coincides with the entrance to the cabinet body, a glass is fixed,

according to the invention,

between the corners of the window on the inner edges, the lower and the side, leave 3 protrusions directed inside the frame, bend the middle protrusion into the body so that its edge moves away from the plane of the extreme protrusions by a distance slightly exceeding the thickness of the glass, thereby forming guide-clamping grooves, when the sash is open, the glass is inserted from above into the upper grooves, bending the middle protrusions, lowering the glass along these guide grooves until the lower edge of the glass enters the lower groove to the stop; in addition, the edges of the middle protrusions are bent over an arc of 90 ° with the smallest permissible radius; lower the glass into the upper grooves, the glass bends the upper middle protrusions, lower the glass all the way into the lower groove; finally, a safety screw is screwed into the upper part of the frame above the glass from the back.

Explanation of Clause 5. Parts of the cabinet (walls, etc.) are made at the factory. The casement is stamped in the form of a frame of a given size with simultaneous bending of the middle protrusions to a given angle (if there is no stamp, perform the window manually, like all other operations). All parts of the cabinet are packed in the form of a suitcase with the exception of glass, because this increases the cost of transporting the package (for a fee, cut glass 2 times less glass thickness and add to the package). They deliver the packaging to the fire hydrant, assemble the cabinet. Glass is cut in advance to fit the window, but less than 2 times the width of the glass (so that it fits into the upper grooves). Hang the sash on the cabinet body, open it all the way, insert the glass from above into the upper grooves, manually bending the middle protrusions, lower the glass all the way into the lower groove. Drop drip detection means is placed in the cabinet, a glass break sensor is glued. To prevent unauthorized stele lifting, for example, with the aid of suction cups, the safety screw is screwed into the sash above the glass with the sash open. They lock the sash, hand over the key to the security post.

Explanation of Clause 6. After completing the sash according to claim 5, the edges of the middle protrusions are bent according to their description in paragraph 3, after the cabinet is assembled, with the sash open, lower the glass into the upper grooves of the sash, the lower edge of the glass bends the middle protrusions, lower the glass to the bottom groove.

The restoration of the sash after breaking glass in case of fire (and other causes) is performed as described.

Advantages of the claimed cabinet: full compliance with the mentioned 3rd requirements, prevention of glass rattling due to its clamping in the guides, the possibility of detecting drip leakage of the tap with a simple design. Advantages of the claimed method: ease of manufacture of the casement and replacement of broken glass, the possibility of cost-free conversion of some cabinets with opaque casements and with casements with windows into the claimed cabinets with full satisfaction of the mentioned conflicting requirements by fulfilling the described large windows in old casements.

Sashes with quickly replaceable glass may be needed in other places, for example, in switchboards with circuit breakers, which should be immediately turned off in case of fire, in medicine for quick disinfection, etc., as well as such sashes in public places for the mentioned reasons.

Information sources

1. H.M. Schlegel "Fire Cabinet", US patent No. 4018242, US Tax 137-355.18.

2. "Instructions for the fire cabinet."

3. C.A. Carnell "Fire Cabinet", US patent No. 2214761, US Tax 137-255.18.

4. J.B. Hughey "Fire Cabinet", US patent No. 3091251. US Tax 137-355.28.

Claims (6)

1. A fire cabinet containing a housing, a lockable glazed shutter in the form of a rectangular frame, the inner borders of which, when the shutter is closed, coincide with the inner borders of the entrance to the enclosure, characterized in that the frame is made of elastic sheet material, the inner corners of the frame and the inner corners adjacent to them the edges of the frame are made coinciding with the inner corners and adjacent inner sides of the entrance to the cabinet body with the sash closed, a guide-clamp is made between them on the side and lower inner edges of the frame grooves for glass in the form of at least 3 protrusions directed inside the frame, the middle of which is bent towards the body with the possibility of supporting the glass on it with the glass clamped between the middle and extreme protrusions, the lower inner surface of the housing is equipped with a means that visibly changes its color when a drop of water gets, the same tool is fixed on the end of the fire barrel. 2. The cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that a glass break sensor is glued on the inside of the glass. 3. The cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that the edges of the middle protrusions are curved in an arc mainly in 90 ° with the smallest allowable radius. 4. The cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that a safety screw is screwed into the upper side of the frame. 5. A method of manufacturing a casement for a fire cabinet, in which a mostly rectangular window is made in the casement of sheet elastic material, coinciding with the entrance to the cabinet body, a glass is fixed in the window, characterized in that between the corners of the window on the inner edges, lower and side, leave three protrusions directed inward of the frame bend the middle protrusion into the body so that its edge moves away from the plane of the extreme protrusions by a distance slightly exceeding the thickness of the glass, thereby forming guide-clamping grooves, when opened A finished leaf is inserted from above the glass into the side grooves, bending the middle protrusions, lower the glass along these guide grooves until the lower edge of the glass enters the lower groove until it stops. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the edges of the middle protrusions are folded down with an arc of 90 ° with the smallest permissible radius, the glass is lowered into the side grooves, the glass is bent off the lateral middle protrusions, the glass is lowered to the stop in the lower groove, screwed from the back into top of the frame over the glass safety screw.