RU2411375C2 - Two-stroke internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps. ^ SUBSTANCE: two-stroke internal combustion engine includes housing with compression chamber and working chamber, which are installed at an angle of 180 degrees relative to each other. There is projection in the inner cavity of the housing. In inner cavity of protrusion there loosely fitted is rotor having two slots and blades loosely fitted in them. Inner surface of protrusion is divided into four parts where compressor chamber is located and uninterruptedly interacts with inlet opening, and working chamber constantly interacting with outlet opening. Projection is covered on both sides with front and rear covers. Slots are doubled and stepped. Blades are doubled and stepped and on the working edge of which there is semi-circle. In front double stepped blades in rotor rotation direction with power takeoff shaft there installed are overflow valves. Compression chamber and working chamber is separated with two equal sections of smaller diametre, the length of arcs of which is equal to length of the arc between doubled stepped blades along external diametre of rotor. Rotor has compression chamber with auxiliary channel between two doubled blades. ^ EFFECT: simplifying the design, decreasing overall dimensions and weight, and increasing engine efficiency. ^ 1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to internal combustion engines, designed to convert thermal energy into mechanical work, and can find wide application in vehicles of all brands and in other industries.

Known internal combustion engines designed for the above purposes, this is US patent No. 4638776, F02B 53/04 from 1987, containing a housing with compressor and working chambers installed at an angle of 180 degrees relative to each other, separated by a partition and closed side covers, of which the compressor and working rotors of different widths are installed for free landing, containing grooves, in which the blades are installed for free landing, while the compressor and working rotors are rigidly connected to the power take-off shaft, and small amers compression compressor rotor communicate according to the working cycle of the working chamber of compression of the working rotor.

The disadvantages of the above internal combustion engine are; difficult to manufacture, the temperature is lost during compression due to the bypass window, weight is increased, insufficient power in general.

The aim of the present invention is to remedy the above disadvantages.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a two-stroke internal combustion engine containing a housing with a compressor chamber and a working chamber installed at an angle of 180 degrees relative to each other, there is a protrusion in the housing in the inner cavity, a rotor having two grooves is placed in the inner cavity of the protrusion respectively installed in them according to the free landing of the blade, the inner surface of the protrusion is divided into four parts, where the compressor chamber is located, constantly connected with the inlet window, and the working according to the invention, the chamber is closed on both sides of the front and rear covers, the grooves are double stepped, the blades are double stepped and have a semicircle from the working end, in the front double stepped blades along the rotor with the power take-off shaft are installed the bypass valves, the compressor chamber and the working chamber are separated by two equal sections of smaller diameter, the length of the arcs of which is equal to the length of the arc between two twin step l mouths at the outer diameter of the rotor having two double blades between the compression chamber to the auxiliary channel.

This arrangement of a two-stroke internal combustion engine eliminates temperature loss during compression of the working mixture, simplifies the design as a whole, reduces weight and overall dimensions, and also increases power due to a new engine operation cycle.

The device of a two-stroke internal combustion engine, see figure 1; 2; 3; four; 5; 6 and 7.

The drawings show:

figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a two-stroke engine;

figure 2 is a cross section aa of a two-stroke engine;

figure 3 is a transverse time aa of the second variant of working with a carburetor of a two-stroke engine;

figure 4 is a side view of the rotor with double stepped blades, windows for lubrication and side key type spring-loaded seals;

5 is a wavy-shaped leaf spring;

6 is a key type of side seal figured key for double, stepped blades;

Fig.7 is a section bB of the window for lubricating the rotor.

The two-stroke internal combustion engine consists of the following main parts, the housing is 1 cylindrical, where the front and rear covers, 2 and 3, are installed on the front and rear sides for free landing, abutting against the central protrusion of the housing, 1, where the compressor and working chamber - 4 and 5, separated by two equal sections of smaller diameter, equal to 90 degrees each section. Compressor chamber - 4 is constantly connected with the inlet window, and the working chamber - 5 with the outlet window. The inner surface of the central protrusion of the housing - 1 is divided into four equal parts, where the compressor chamber - 4, the working chamber - 5, separated by two equal sections of smaller diameter, the length of the arcs of which is equal to the length of the arc between the two twin stepped blades - 6 and 7. are located lids - 2 and 3 are sealed with rings - 8, and the outer diameter of the lids - 2 and 3 is centered with the inner diameter of the housing - 1 and sealed with rings - 9.

Between the central protrusion of the housing - 1 and the small diameters of the covers - 2 and 3, free spaces - 10 are formed, the windows communicate with each other - 11, and the bores - 12 in the side covers - 2 and 3 improve the overall heat dissipation. Roofs - 2 and 3 are attached to the housing - 1 by means of bolts - 13. In the inner cavity of the central protrusion of the housing - 1, a rotor - 14 is placed for free landing, connected by its internal diameter fixed to the shaft - 15 power take-offs. The rotor - 14 has an outer diameter of two double stepped grooves located 90 degrees apart, and also has two windows B for greasing with heat-resistant grease tightly closed on both sides of the rotor - 14 with o-rings - 16 piston types, spring-loaded - 17. In the twin stepped grooves of the rotor - 14, free blades are fitted with dual blades - 6 and 7, where in the front dual stepped blades - 7 there are placed overflow plate valves - 18, spring-loaded plate wave springs - 19. Bypass valves can be made of any design. Double stepped blades - 7 with bypass valves - 18 should always be installed in stepped grooves ahead in the direction of rotation of the rotor - 14. Bypass valves are designed to avoid premature compression of the working mixture and to improve mixing of the mixture with air before compression, thereby improving complete combustion . From the working ends of the double stepped blades - 6 and 7, there are roundings with a radius equal to half the total thickness or more within reasonable limits, which ensures complete balancing of the gas pressure on the working ends of the blades - 6 and 7, providing low working friction. Double stepped blades - 6 and 7 are spring-loaded with springs - 20 and pushers - 21, and additionally they are pressed by the force of inertia. Between the twin stepped blades - 6 and 7 along the outer diameter of the rotor - 14, an auxiliary channel is made - 21a, which is constantly connected with the compression chamber - 22. The rotor - 14 is fixedly connected to the shaft - 15 power take-off with the help of a key - 23. In the upper part of the housing - 1 there is a window - 24 for installing spark plugs, and in the side of the window - 25 is made for installing a low pressure nozzle, see Fig. 3. The shaft - 15 power take-off is fixedly mounted in the inner race of bearings - 26, located in the central seats of the covers - 2 and 3. Bearings - 26 are closed by covers - 27. The output ends of the shaft - 15 power take-offs are sealed by cups - 28, and the covers - 27 are bolted - 29 and sealed with gaskets - 30. On both sides of each stepped blade - 6 and 7 there are discharge grooves - 31, which ensures free movement of the latter.

When operating a two-stroke engine with direct fuel injection into the compressor chamber - 4, which is constantly connected to the inlet window - 32, the working chamber - 5 is constantly connected to the exhaust window - 33, see Fig. 3. In this case, it is necessary to exclude the bypass valves - 18 from the design of the stepped blades - 7 and additionally in the rotor - 14 to make two batteries - 34, interconnected by an external groove - 35 and an exhaust window - 36, made in front of the blades - 7 along the rotor rotation - 14, with the working chamber - 5, and to inject fuel at the moment when the compressor chamber - 4 will be blocked on both sides by double stepped blades - 6 and 7. Side seal of the rotor - 14 and double stepped blades is made as follows, see fig. four; 5; and 6. Figured grooves are made from the two lateral ends of the step blades - 6 and 7, where the shaped seals - 37 are installed for free keyway-type installation, 38 are spring-loaded with plate-like wave springs. In the central part of the step grooves in the rotor - 14 are keyed on both sides grooves where sealing dowels are also installed for loose fit - 39, spring-loaded with leaf springs - 38. This design of the side seals will reliably ensure tightness and durability. The main thrust bearings can be lubricated with any lubricant, and the rotor - 14 and step blades - 6 and 7 should be greased with a thick heat-resistant grease and, in addition, liquid lubricant must be added to gasoline, as is done in existing engines. Considering that the new two-stroke engine does not throw the working mixture into the exhaust window and the fuel consumption per 100 km is reduced by two or more times, the ecology will be better than with existing engines. This is how the new two-stroke internal combustion engine is arranged.

The operation of a two-stroke internal combustion engine is as follows, see figure 1; 2 ;, 3; four; 5; 6 and 7.

When the shaft rotates - 15 power take-offs to the right in the direction of the arrow and when the double, stepped blades 6 and 7 are recessed in the stepped grooves of the rotor - 14, then at the moment the compression chamber - 4 is completely filled with the combustible mixture, and the auxiliary channel - 21a at the moment together with the chamber - 22 compressions are also filled with a combustible mixture under pressure and connected to the window - 24, where a spark plug is installed, which is currently lighting a combustible mixture. As a result of ignition of the combustible mixture in the chamber - 22, high gas pressure is created.

With further rotation of the shaft - 15 power take-offs, the front two twin stepped blades - 7 are aligned with the working chamber - 5, moving out from the stepped groove of the rotor - 14, and pressure immediately begins to act on the front stepped blades - 7, and the rear dual stepped blades - 6 are currently in a recessed position and do not show resistance, providing good tightness in the working chamber - 5, which ensures shaft rotation - 15 power take-offs by 90 degrees. With further rotation of the shaft - 15 power take-offs, when the front step blades - 7 open the exhaust window - 33, the exhaust gases begin to be discharged from the working chamber - 5 using the rear step blades - 6. The exhaust gases continue to rotate 90 degrees of the shaft - 15 power take-offs. With further rotation of the shaft - 15 with the rotor - 14, when the front step blades - 7 begin to extend into the compressor chamber - 4, at that moment the compression of the combustible mixture occurs and as a result the bypass valves - 18 open, bypassing the freely combustible mixture, leaving it in compressor chamber - 4 and at the same time improving its quality, mixing with air. When the rear stepped blades - 6 begin to extend from the stepped grooves of the rotor - 14, the combustible mixture is compressed, and the front stepped blades - 7 are currently in the recessed position. With further rotation of the shaft - 15 with the rotor - 14, when the compression chamber - 22 is combined with the window - 24, where the spark plug is installed, the ignition of the combustible mixture occurs and the duty cycle is repeated. This is how a two-stroke internal combustion engine works with 7 bypass valves installed in the front step blades - 18. When using a two-stroke engine with direct gasoline fuel injection, the bypass valves - 18 in the front step blades - 7 do not need to be installed because the inlet window has 32 only clean air is sucked in, which during operation is compressed in the accumulators - 34, and then through the window - 36 it is discharged in the working chamber - 5, simultaneously cooling the rotor - 14 and the working chamber - 5. The cycle of work with mediocre fuel injected directly into the camera - 22 compression is very beneficial from all points of view, practically and theoretically, it reduces thermal stress, but can not be used with the carburetor.

Claims (1)

A two-stroke internal combustion engine containing a housing with a compressor chamber and a working one installed at an angle of 180 ° relative to each other, there is a protrusion in the housing in the inner cavity, a rotor is placed in the inner cavity of the protrusion along the free landing, having two slots, respectively installed in them on the free landing of the blade, the inner surface of the protrusion is divided into four parts, where the compressor chamber is located, constantly connected with the inlet window, and the working chamber, constantly in communication with the outlet window m, characterized in that the protrusion is closed on both sides of the front and rear covers, the grooves are made double stepped, the blades are made double stepped and have a semicircle from the working end, in the front double stepped blades along the direction of rotation of the rotor with a power take-off shaft, overflow valves are installed, compressor the chamber and the working chamber are separated by two equal sections of smaller diameter, the length of the arcs of which is equal to the length of the arc between two twin stepped blades along the outer diameter of the rotor having m Between two twin blades a compression chamber with an auxiliary channel.

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