RU2410482C1 - Method for transposition of long rails with replacement of working edge, also in curves, and device for method realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction, road engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the sphere of track facilities mechanisation and may be used to repair long-welded rails. Method consists in the fact that each rail is lifted with four pairs of grips under rail head, every of which is arranged as a pair of anti-canting rollers. Grips are shifted pairwise with the help of power mechanisms in vertical and horizontal planes so that incoming and outgoing rail of rollers are parallel to axis of track. Shifted rails are supported against roller supports installed in process of shifting to eliminate contact of rails with sleepers. Device comprises frame, which is hingedly fixed at the end of platform of track-laying crane and is suspended to crane boom. On frame there are four pairs of grips under rail head installed pairwise at both sides of longitudinal plane of symmetry in vertical and horizontal planes with the help of power mechanisms. Each grip is arranged in the form of pair of anti-canting rollers to lift and cross rails. In the middle part of frame there are traction mechanisms mounted and installed at both sides of longitudinal plane of symmetry to develop longitudinal forces in each of crossing rails.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of rails shifting.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of mechanization of track facilities of railway transport and can be used in the repair of welded joints.

During the operation of the track, including the jointless one, there is observed, especially in the curves, intensive lateral wear of the working edge (inward of the track) of the rail head. In order to save resources, rail lashes are replaced, mainly due to shifting into the outer threads of the curve of lashes taken from the inner threads, and vice versa. A known method of work on the relocation of rail lashes, performed manually using small portable portals with lifts. The lashes are unfastened, then one of the lashes, in several steps due to rearrangement of the portals, is placed inside the rut, after which the operation of moving the portals along the lash is repeated, and the second rail lash is gradually transferred to the place of the first. Then, using the portals, the first rail lash is laid from its position inside the gauge to the second, rearranged to the first. In this case, a lot of work needs to be done when aligning the lashes due to their different lengths on the outer and inner threads.

The well-known "Method for transferring rail lashes of a weld-free path in curved sections", patent of the Russian Federation 2112825, ЕВВ 29/05, in which, to relieve stresses, one of the lashes is heated and the second is cooled, providing a reduction in the forces applied to the transfer of lashes, also performed manually.

The known method according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2233932, ЕВВ 29/05 "Method for transferring rail lashes of a welded jointless path in curved sections and a device for replacing rail lashes of a railway track", adopted as a prototype. The method consists in releasing the shifted rail lashes, charging the frames for shifting the rail lashes, connecting these frames to each other and to the movable unit with rigid connections. Frames rest on sleepers (rail tracks) and have two rollers at the top. When charging frames, the rails cross. Under the sole of the shifted rail lashes, devices are installed that reduce the forces of resistance to the longitudinal movements of the rail lashes, apply a longitudinal force in the direction from the end of the lane to its beginning to the transferred internal thread, apply a longitudinal force in the direction from the beginning of the lane to its end to the transferred external thread, move the movable a unit with frames connected to it from the beginning of the shift to its end, remove devices that reduce the resistance to longitudinal movements of the relay ovyh lashes, and fixed transposed rail lashes.

The disadvantage of this method is, firstly, that it is used only when working with a jointless path with type KB fasteners, since the frames with rollers used in this case have "slides" that move along the linings. With unlined types of fasteners such as reinforced concrete, ARS, etc., their use is extremely difficult. In addition, as shown in the article "Relocation of rail lashes", the authors: E.V. Vorobyov, A.L. Anokhin, N.N. Lysenko, in the journal "Way and track economy" No. 1, p.12-14, 2002, the device sliding on the pads has, especially when working in curves, a number of disadvantages: quick wear of the support part, jamming during movement, distortions and shocks during movement, and frequent breakage of the traction cable associated with them. For these reasons, “skids” in curves with radii of less than 1200 m are avoided.

The technical result of the proposed method is to increase the efficiency of rail lashing by eliminating these disadvantages.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of shifting rail lashes with the replacement of the working edge, including the curves, which consists in crossing the size of the track raised to different levels along the height of the rail lashes using guide rollers placed on the frame associated with the movable unit , to move along the path, applying longitudinal forces in the direction from the beginning of the shift to its end to the rearranged outer thread and longitudinal forces in the direction from the end of the shift to its beginning to rearrange On the inner thread, securing the transposed rail lashes, each lash is lifted by four pairs of grips under the rail head, each of which is made in the form of a pair of anti-edging rollers, while the grips are rearranged in pairs using power mechanisms in the vertical, to create a different level, and horizontal, for crossings, planes so that the branch of the rail lash entering and leaving the rollers are parallel to the path, while the frame with the grippers placed on it is pivotally mounted on the end face of the platform rmy and is suspended on a lifting yoke along the moving path, for example, Track Laying crane and flipper runner rests on rollers mounted in the relaying process, to avoid contact of the rails to the sleepers. An additional pulling force is applied to the rearranged outer thread at the beginning of the whip.

It is known "Device for moving rail lashes of a railway track" (RF patent 2048010, class ЕВВ 29/05, 10.11.1995) containing a first frame supported by supports, with two rollers for moving rail lashes mounted on a frame on both sides of the longitudinal the plane of symmetry of the device and offset relative to each other in height, at least by the height of the rail lash, connected by a flexible connection to the second frame, resting on supports, with two rollers mounted on both sides of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the device, for smooth lifting of rail lashes from the flanges of the lining, and connected by a flexible connection with a movable unit. The disadvantage of this device is that it can be used only with a fixed gauge.

It is known "Device for laying and shifting rail lashes of a railway track" (RF patent 2171870, class EB 29/05, 05/26/1999, adopted as a prototype). The device contains two frames (main and additional), based on supports and having two rollers for guiding rail lashes installed on frames on both sides of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the device and displaced on one of the frames relative to each other in height not less than the height of the rail lash. The device frames have mounting holes for changing the distance between supports, rollers and installing additional rollers. The rollers are mounted on screw pairs for changing the height position, in addition, the frame supports have mounting holes for installing nozzles.

The main disadvantage of all known analogues is that in their design they have trolley support bearings. When working in curves, there is a rapid deterioration of their support part, jamming, skewing of bogies and shocks at the entrance of bogies to the next sleepers.

An unsupported sleeper device is required that allows rail lashes to be shifted without the above disadvantages.

To do this, in the known device for shifting rail lashes with the replacement of the working edge, containing a frame with mounted on it, at different heights, adjustable roller bearings for intersecting rail lashes associated with a movable unit, it is pivotally mounted on the end of the platform, for example, a traveling crane and suspended from the crane jib using a lifting beam, while four pairs of moving in horizontal and vertical planes are mounted in pairs on both sides of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the device with the help of power grips under the rail head, each of which is made in the form of a pair of anti-edging rollers for lifting and crossing rail lashes, in addition, traction mechanisms are mounted in the middle part of the frame, for example, reducing self-centering drive rollers to create longitudinal forces in each of intersecting lashes installed on both sides of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the device.

The implementation of the frame of a single, unsupported sleepers, pivotally mounted on the end face of the platform crane and suspended from the crane arm using a lifting beam, eliminates the use of trolleys with supporting surfaces on the sleepers, and therefore their rapid wear, jamming, warps and shocks. The installation on the frame in pairs on both sides of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the device of four pairs of movable in horizontal and vertical planes using power grips under the rail head, made in the form of a pair of anti-edging rollers, for lifting and crossing rail lashes allows, due to mobility in the vertical plane, to smoothly raise and lower the rail lash and, in addition, provides a difference in the height of the rails for the possibility of their crossing. The mobility of the grips under the rail head, made in the form of a pair of anti-edging rollers, movable in the horizontal plane, makes it possible to bend the rail lash so that the rails entering and leaving the extreme rollers have a zero angle in plan with respect to the track rails, i.e., are parallel to them. Taking into account the fact that in the process of shifting, the rail lash, transferred from the inner thread of the curve to the outer one, is gradually stretched, and shifted from the external to the internal thread, increases its curvature between the rollers, traction mechanisms are mounted in the middle part of the frame, for example, self-centering driving rollers, mounted on both sides of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the device, to create longitudinal forces in each of the crossing lashes, with which, as necessary, the rail lash laid on the outer thread, pulled up to the overlay crane, and the rail lash, transferred to the inner thread, was repelled from the overlay crane.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a device for shifting rail lashes, mounted on an overhead crane;

figure 2 shows in plan a General view of a device for shifting rail lashes with a mutual arrangement of rail lashes, grips and traction mechanisms;

figure 3 shows the roller support for rails;

figure 4 shows the capture under the head of the rail with protivokantovochnym rollers;

figure 5 shows the traction mechanism with driven self-centering rollers.

The proposed method is implemented as follows.

Shifted rail lashes exempt from fastenings. The overhead crane is brought to the beginning of the transferred lashes and the device hung on it for lowering the lashes is lowered to such a distance that the rail head can be gripped by grippers with anti-edging rollers. One of the rails is picked up at a distance from the beginning of shifting within 26-28 meters, for example, a rail 12 lying on the outer thread, under the head with grippers 4 and 5, each of which carries a pair of edge rollers 17. Raise the rail 12 to a size exceeding the height of the rail , then the grip 5 using the jack 14 raises the rail so that its end rises above the sleepers 25, after which the rail is moved by the grip 5 inside the track so that the end of the rail 12 is under the grips 6 and 7, which pick up the rail 12 under the head with protivokantov cing rollers 17. Then, the grippers 5 and 6, the rail 12 is bent so as to compensate for occurring when moving on a rail parallel to the thread angle (h - track width, the size between the outermost gripper 4 and 7 (25 m)). The second rail 13 is rearranged in the same way at a lower height using the grippers 8, 9, 10 and 11. Lower the grippers 4, 7 and 8, 11 so that the ends of the rail lashes fall into place and begin to move the crane 2 with the device, laying every 20 sleepers 25 roller support 26 (figure 3) under the rails in such a way as to exclude contact of the rail lashes with the base (sleepers). When shifting in the curves during the movement of the crane rail lash 13, due to the difference in size on the inner and outer threads, rearranged on the outer thread, stretched and takes between the grips 9 and 10, shown in figure 2 pos. A, and the rail lash 12, rearranged from the outer to the inner thread, between the grippers 5 and 6 increases its curvature and takes the form shown in figure 2 pos. B. Therefore, in the process of moving the crane when pulling the rail lash 13 and increasing the curvature of the lash 12, the traction mechanisms 19, 20 are turned on. Using the traction mechanism 20, longitudinal forces are applied in the direction from the end of the overlay to its beginning to the rearranged inner thread 13 laid on the outer thread pull it to the crane, and using the traction mechanism 19, apply longitudinal forces in the direction from the beginning of the shift to its end to the rearranged outer thread 12, laid on the inner thread, push it away from the crane. Considering that when pushing a whip of a large length, it may be bent, at the beginning of the whip 12, laid on the inner thread, an additional tensioner should be added. At the end of the relocation, the rail lashes 12 and 13 change places, turning their worn-out edgings of the rail heads inward to the track (working area), and worn out. Thus, the original rail spacing is restored and the unworn edgings of the rail heads are put into operation, i.e. the edging is happening. After the completion of the shift, the roller supports are removed and the shifted rail lashes are fixed.

A device for shifting rail lashes with a change in the working edge, including in curves, contains a frame 1, which is pivotally mounted on the end of the platform crane 2 and suspended from the trolley on the boom of the crane using the lifting beam 3. On the frame 1 are installed in pairs on both sides the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the device four pairs of grips 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, 9, 10, 11 under the rail head, designed to lift and cross the shifted rail lashes 12, 13. Each gripper has the ability to move in a vertical plane and with the help of power mechanisms, for example jacks 14 mounted on the brackets 15 of the frame 1, and in the horizontal plane with the help of power mechanisms 16. Each gripper contains a pair of anti-edging rollers 17, which can be divorced and reduced under the rail head and fixed with a stopper 18. B in the middle part of the frame, traction mechanisms 19 and 20 are mounted, installed on both sides of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the device, to create longitudinal forces in each of the crossed rail lashes 12,13. Each traction mechanism is made, for example, in the form of self-centering drive rollers mounted on levers 21 and 22. The levers 21 and 22 have the ability to be reduced and opened using the power mechanism 24. To prevent rails from contacting the sleepers 25, rail supports are installed every 20 sleepers 26 The roller support 26 is made, for example, in the form of a frame 27 with shoulders with a roller 28 mounted on it with flanges (figure 3).

Relocation of rail lashes with a change in the working edge, including in curves, using the proposed device is as follows.

The rails to be reassigned are unfastened in the prescribed manner, and a track-laying crane 2 with the proposed device is brought to the place of commencement of work, the frame 1 of which is pivotally mounted on the end of the platform of the track-laying crane 2 and suspended through the lifting beam 3 to the crane boom. The gripper frame 1 is lowered so that the rail head can be gripped. A pair of grippers 4 and 5 of the rail 12, lying on the outer thread, is grasped by the head of the rail at a distance of 26-28 meters from the beginning of the transfer to the extreme grip 4. Anti-beveling rollers 17 of the grippers 4 and 5 are closed on the rail 12 by stoppers 18. Using jacks 14 by grippers 4 and 5, the end of the rail 12 rises to a height exceeding the height of the rail. In this case, the gripper 5 with the help of the jack 14 rises to a great height so that the end of the raised rail 12 rises above the tie (lost contact with the tie). Using the power mechanism 16, the clamp 5 with the rail 12 is discharged into the track, so that the free end of the rail 12 is under the clamps 6 and 7, which are closed on the head of the rail 12. Then all four grips, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are raised to such a height so that a second rearranged rail 13 can be placed under the held rail 12. The clamps 5 and 6 are installed using the power mechanism 16 so that the ends of the rail 12 emerging from them are parallel to the track rails (track axis) and to eliminate the angle shown in FIG. 2. The second rail 13, lying on the inner thread, is likewise captured by grippers 8, 9, 10 and 11, rises above the sleepers, located under the rail 12. The device moves along the path with a crane, the rail lashes 12 and 13 are swapped. To exclude the contacts of the rails with sleepers 25, rail supports 26 are installed every 20 sleepers, the frame 27 of which is placed by shoulders on two adjacent sleepers 25 (Fig. 3). In the process of moving the crane along the path when pulling the rail lash 13 and increasing the curvature of the lash 12, the traction mechanisms 19, 20 are turned on. Using the traction mechanism 20, longitudinal forces are applied from the end of the transfer to its beginning to the rearranged inner thread 13, laid on the outer thread, pull it to the crane and using the traction mechanism 19 exert longitudinal forces in the direction from the beginning of the shift to its end to the rearranged outer thread 12, laid on the inner thread, push it away from the crane. Considering that when pushing a whip of a large length, it may bend, at the beginning of the whip 12, laid on the inner thread, an additional tensioner (not shown) should be added. After the transfer is completed, the roller supports 25 are removed and the shifted rail lashes 12 and 13 are fixed. Thus, the use of an unsupported device on the sleepers of the device allows for the transfer of rail lashes with the commissioning of worn-out edgings of the rail heads without the disadvantages associated with the use of the supporting railway sleepers rapid wear of the support part, jamming during movement, distortions and shocks during movement and the frequent breaks in the traction cable associated with them, which increases the efficiency of rail lash shifting.

Claims (3)

1. The method of shifting rail lashes with a change in the working edge, including in curves, which consists in crossing onto the gauge of rails raised to different levels in height by rail lashes using guide rollers placed on a frame connected to a movable unit for moving along the path, applying longitudinal forces in the direction from the beginning of the shift to its end to the rearranged outer thread and longitudinal forces in the direction from the end of the shift to its beginning to the rearranged inner thread, securing the shifted rails lashes on a rail track, characterized in that each lash is lifted by four pairs of grippers under the rail head, each of which is made in the form of a pair of dowel rollers, while the grips are rearranged in pairs using power mechanisms in the vertical to create different levels and horizontal for crossing planes with so that the branch of the rail lash entering and leaving the rollers are parallel to the track axis, while the frame with the grippers placed on it is pivotally mounted on the end of the platform a movable unit, such as a lay crane, and is suspended on a lifting beam moving along the path of a lay crane, in addition, the shifted lashes are supported by roller supports installed during the shift to prevent contact of the rails with the sleepers. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional pulling force is applied to the rearranged outer thread at the beginning of the whip. 3. A device for shifting rail lashes with a change in the working edge, including in curves, containing a frame with adjustable roller supports mounted on it at different heights for intersecting rail lashes associated with a movable unit, characterized in that the frame is pivotally mounted on the end of the platform a movable unit, for example, a traveling crane, and is suspended from a crane boom using a lifting beam, while four pairs of sliding arms are mounted in pairs on both sides of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the device horizontal and vertical planes with the help of power grips under the rail head, each of which is made in the form of a pair of dowel rollers, for lifting and crossing rail lashes, in addition, traction mechanisms are mounted in the middle part of the frame, for example, self-centering drive rollers mounted on both sides of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the device, to create longitudinal forces in each of the crossing lashes.

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