RU2409863C2 - Method of controlling double-sided register on object printed on machine with double-sided printing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: control element has a first drawing printed on a first side of the object and having at least a first set of geometrical shapes, and a second drawing printed on a second side of the object. Said second drawing is printed opposite the first drawing when observing the register. The second drawing has at least a second set of geometrical shapes corresponding to the first dot matrix. At least one of the sets of the geometrical shapes has areas which are displaced such that during correct installation of the double-sided printing register, the control element has zones of different density which can be viewed when illuminated and are formed by said displaced areas.

EFFECT: protection from forgery through use of a copy machine.

6 cl, 39 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a method for checking a double-sided register on an object printed on a machine with double-sided printing, in particular for securities or their analogues containing the first pattern on the first side of the specified object containing at least one first raster.

Known controls are used to prevent counterfeiting of securities, in particular copying of paper money. In order to impede or completely prevent such a fake by photocopying or using a scanner connected to a color printer, in addition to known means, such as watermarks in paper, control elements, commonly called security elements, have begun to be used.

Technical advances in the production of scanners and photocopiers allow everyone to use them. As a result, the need arose to increase the quantity and improve the security elements.

Various technologies have been developed to perform security features on securities. The first technology is the so-called technology of applying the image in hidden color. The idea of this technology is to print on a security paper a special pattern that cannot be seen with the naked eye. To do this, use color picks and contrasts. When photocopying or scanning a security with a pattern printed on it in a hidden color, this pattern becomes visible to the naked eye, which facilitates the detection of counterfeit. The specified method is disclosed in the publication EP 0882599 applying the image in hidden color.

European patent application EP 0509916 describes paper money containing a graphic image and two protective signs superimposed on each other, each of which is made in the form of a water grid, the first sign being made in the form of a periodic water grid, and the second is the result of the separation of the printed graphic image into parallel stripes encoded with binary code and located symmetrically to the axis of symmetry of the document, while the wave of the water mesh has a general direction not perpendicular to the direction of the polo printed graphic image, and superposition of these marks on each other is not possible to read each of these characters individually.

EP 0710574 describes a method for generating a pattern and a protective pattern consisting of multiple lines. In accordance with the principle set forth in this patent application, the gap between the lines is simultaneously modulated and the width of the indicated lines is changed, while keeping the ratio between the line width and the gap between the lines constant so that the appearance of the pattern does not change visually when viewed with the naked eye. This technology is especially preferred if it is necessary to calculate the distribution of lines depending on the type of photocopiers and scanners you want to protect yourself from.

The objective of the present invention is to improve the known control elements to make it difficult to counterfeit securities, i.e. the execution of such a pattern, the displaced sections of which cannot be seen with the naked eye and cannot be reproduced using a photocopier or scanned.

According to the invention, a relatively simple control element is provided that provides easy control of a printed object.

The control element in accordance with the present invention is defined by the features claimed in independent claim 1.

In dependent claims 2-7, individual methods for performing the present invention are defined.

In dependent clauses 8 and 9, a security and a sheet are defined, respectively, comprising at least one control element in accordance with the present invention.

The pattern of the present invention is used in double-sided printing, when the register between face printing and reverse printing is particularly important.

An essential feature of an element in accordance with the present invention is that it can be used for counterfeiting or for controlling print quality during duplex printing of a printed matter, in particular for register control for duplex printing.

Further, the present invention is illustrated by a description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figa-1D depict the steps of the first method of performing part of the figure according to the invention;

Figa-2D - the first variant of the first method of performing part of the figure according to the invention;

Figa-3D - the second variant of the first method of performing part of the figure according to the invention;

Figa-4D is a more General view of the method of performing part of the figure according to the invention;

Figa-5D is a second way of making a pattern using concentric lines according to the invention;

6A-6D are a third method for making a pattern using wavy lines according to the invention;

Figa-7D is a fourth way of making a drawing using slanted lines in combination with the relief effect according to the invention;

Figa-8D is a fifth way to perform drawing using a raster according to the invention;

Figa-9E - the sixth method of performing the pattern used to set the register of duplex printing, according to the invention;

Figure 10 is another way of making a drawing in accordance with the present invention;

11 is a schematic illustration of a sheet containing printed objects, such as paper money, with each bill containing a control drawing in accordance with the present invention and the sheet itself also containing a control drawing according to the invention.

A first method for making a pattern according to the invention is described with reference to FIGS. 1A-1D. The primary background 1 (Fig. 1A) contains a set of parallel lines 2 and is plotted on both sides of a printed object printed in a register, that is, lines 2 are exactly opposite each other. To complete the drawing, when printing at least one side of the printed object, the shape of lines 2 is changed by shifting portions of these lines. The change is shown in FIG. 1B, where unchanged lines are indicated by 2, and modified lines are sequentially indicated by 3-11.

Line 3 contains several consecutive sections, indicated by the positions 3a-3g (Figv). Similarly, lines 4-11 contain successive, appropriately offset sections. As shown, this background can be printed both on the front side and on the reverse side of the printed object. On figs shows a background identical to the primary background shown in figa. This background is printed on the other side of the printed object with respect to the altered background shown in Fig. 1B, but with full observance of the register with the specified altered background. The result of such full observance of the register is the coincidence of straight lines or parts of straight lines when viewing a printed object using translucency, while successive offset sections 3a-3g and sections of lines 4-11 are viewed when translucent between the coincident specified lines. As a result, the particular pattern shown in Fig. 1D, which is viewed only by transmission, is obtained. If the displaced sections form a predetermined particular image, it is easy to check whether this predetermined image is viewed during translucence, and thus control the authenticity of the printed object and the duplex register.

Thus, when superimposing the two lines indicated by 2 in Figs. 1A and 1C, the lines denoted by 2 (Fig. 1D) are obtained, and as a result of superposition of line 3 and sections 3a-3g (Fig. 1B) on the corresponding line 2 (Fig. 1C) receive line 12 (Fig. 1D) with thickened parts 12a-12b.

Similarly, the superposition of lines 4-11 and their displaced sections on the corresponding lines (Fig. 1C) results in lines 13-19 (Fig. 1D) with thickened portions 14a and 14b, 15a, 16a, 17a, 18a and 18b, 19a and 19b 20a and 20b, respectively.

The lines in FIGS. 1A-1D are specifically shown in enlarged view for a better understanding of the invention. In fact, the lines have a thickness of 10 μm to 500 μm, and the gaps between the lines have a width of about half to double the line width, i.e. from 5 microns to 1000 microns. In this way, a drawing is performed, the displaced sections of which cannot be seen with the naked eye and cannot be reproduced with a photocopier or scanned, therefore they are absent on a fake print object. Checking by transillumination allows you to immediately determine the absence or presence of an element, as well as to check the reverse printing register, since only with full observance of the register you can get the necessary element.

In the example shown, the displaced sections of the lines form the letter “K”. Of course, it is possible to get other letters, letter combinations or patterns, it is important as a result to be able to change the density of colors during translucence in order to form a sign that is easy to detect if the register is not set correctly.

This method is not limited to upward displacement, the displacement can be done downward or, if the background lines are rotated 90 °, to the right or left, on the front or on the back.

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A-2D, background lines on the front side and lines on the reverse side were simultaneously changed. On the primary background 1 (Fig. 2A) with parallel lines 2 on one side, for example, on the front side, successive sections of the lines were displaced (Fig. 2B). As a result, line 21 contains consecutive sections 21a-21g and each of lines 22-29 also contains offset sections (Fig. 2B).

In the first embodiment, the background lines on the other side of the printed object were also changed (Fig. 2C), i.e. on the back, if you count the first side of the front side. However, in this embodiment, the change in line sections is the opposite between the reverse side and the front side. Assuming that the front side is shown in FIG. 2B, the line sections, for example, 21a-21g are shifted toward the upper edge, while in FIG. 2C, which is the reverse side, the line sections, for example, 31a-31g are shifted to the side bottom edge in FIG. 2C.

The overlay result of the overlay of Figs. 2B and 2C is shown in Fig. 2D. In this case, as a result of overlapping lines and displaced sections of lines, if the register is set correctly, a predetermined sign is formed depending on the offsets to which the lines are subjected. The superposition of the lines in FIGS. 2B and 2C results in lines 2 in FIG. 2D. The superposition of line 21 with portions 21a-21g (Fig. 2B) on line 30 and portions 30a-30g (Fig. 2C) results in line 30 and extended sections 39a-39b (Fig. 2D), if the register is set correctly. Similarly, the combination of lines 22-29 (Fig.2B) with lines 31-38 (Fig.2C) allows you to see when transillumination lines 40-47 (Fig.2D) with extended sections, if the register is set correctly.

An advantage of this embodiment is that since the two backgrounds are reversed, the offsets may not be as significant as when only one background is changed, since the offsets on the front and back sides complement each other. To verify this, it is enough to compare Figv and 2B. It follows that, since the displacements on each background are smaller, it is more difficult to distinguish them with the naked eye or to reproduce them using a photocopier or scanner in comparison with offsets only on the front background or on the reverse background. Nevertheless, the effect of transillumination from this does not decrease, since during transillumination the displacements complement each other and remain distinguishable.

The considered option is not limited to shifting down or up. You can also perform a shift to the right or left on the front side and / or on the back side, if the background lines are rotated 90 ° with respect to the lines in Fig.2A-2D.

A third embodiment of the first embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 3A-3D. This embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A-2D. The difference between the method is to combine with two-sided printing. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A-2D, it was necessary to precisely overlap the lines of the front background and the reverse background in order to distinguish the displaced sections (21a-21g or 30a-30g) between these lines.

 In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3A-3D, during two-sided printing, the lines do not print, combining them with each other, but, on the contrary, shift them relative to each other, alternating so that each line on the front side is between two adjacent lines on the back side. Offset creates empty spaces corresponding to the displacement of sections of lines so that the control element is formed by the absence of printing, and not by the presence of offset sections. For example, if lines 2 (Fig. 3B and 3C) and 48 are printed on the front side, then line 57 on the back side will be located between the front side lines 2 and 48, and so on for serial lines from 42 to 2 (Fig. 3B) between which the lines 58-66 are sequentially printed on the other side (Fig. 3C). 3D shows the result of printing during transillumination. As shown, the frequency of the lines increased, and as the sections of the lines shifted, gaps formed, for example, 67 and 68, forming a specific image, in this case the letter “K”. As a result, you can easily control the print register by scanning.

Figures 4A-4D show, in more general terms, a control drawing, given as an example, allowing a more complete picture of the effect created by the drawing in accordance with the present invention. FIGS. 4A-4D illustrate an embodiment method in which a front background and a reverse background comprise offset portions of lines. The primary background 1 (Fig. 4A) contains a collection of parallel lines 2. In Fig. 4B, the four first lines 2 are not changed from above, then, starting from the fifth line, the sections of consecutive lines 21 ', 22', etc. are shifted. similar to Figv. Similarly, in FIG. 4C, the four first lines 2 do not undergo changes starting from the fifth line 31 ′, the sections of the lines are displaced similarly to FIG. 2C. The lines of FIGS. 4B and 4C are printed in register mode on the front side and on the back side of the object. If the double-sided printing register is set correctly, in FIG. 4D, when transilluminated, a result corresponding to FIG. 2D is obtained.

According to a second embodiment, background 67 (FIGS. 5A-5D) consists of concentric circles (FIG. 5A). Similarly to the previous methods, sections of concentric lines are shifted in the circled zones 68, 69 (Figs. 5B and 5C). As in the previous cases, if the double-sided printing register is set correctly, these offsets result in a predetermined image that becomes visible upon scanning, as shown in Fig. 5D. In this case, such an image is also the letter "K".

6A-6D show a third embodiment according to which the background 70 is formed by wavy lines. Similarly to the previous methods of execution, sections of lines are shifted to form a predetermined character or image. It is possible to shift sections of lines either only on one of the two sides of the printed object, or on two sides to obtain the necessary image when scanned. In the example shown in FIGS. 6A-6D, the background on the front side (FIG. 6B) in zone 71 and on the back side (FIG. 6C) in zone 72 undergoes a change. When combined, if the register is set correctly, the result shown on Fig.6D, on which when transillumination appears the letter "K".

FIGS. 7A-7D show a fourth embodiment, in which changes in background lines as well as offsets in accordance with the present invention are visible to the naked eye. In this method, a primary background 73 is used, consisting of parallel oblique lines (Fig. 7A).

On the front side there is a background 74 (Fig. 7B), visible to the naked eye, i.e. offsets to form a predetermined sign 75, in the described embodiment, the number “200”. At the same time, sections of lines are offset, as described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 2B, while the offsets are very slight and cannot be seen when considering only the front side. Do the same with the reverse side, as shown in Figs. In the reverse background 76, the lines are visibly changed, forming successive letters "DLRG" on the background itself. At the same time, the background lines alternate, as described above (Fig. 2C), changing them slightly so that they are not visible to the naked eye, but forming a given sign. The result during transillumination is shown schematically in Fig. 7D, where you can see at the same time the number “200”, the letters “DLRG” and the control pattern, which in this case is the letter “K”, which appears if the double-sided printing register is set correctly.

One of the advantages of this method is that, since the images, numbers and letters are formed in such a way that they are clearly distinguishable against the background, whether it is the front background 74 or the reverse background 75, it is even more difficult to see the changes in the lines intended to form a protective pattern. when considering only one of the backgrounds 74 or 75 without transillumination. Conversely, when scanned (Fig. 7D), the effect in accordance with the present invention is retained and control becomes possible.

Another embodiment using the principle of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 8A-8D. In this case, not lines are used to form the background, but a raster — background 77 (Fig. 8A). Similarly to the previous methods of execution, the raster is deformed in a certain way to form a given character. In the presented example, the raster 78 is deformed on the front side (Fig. 8B) in zones 79 and 80 and the raster 81 on the reverse side in zones 82 and 83 (Fig. 8C). After printing, if the register has been set correctly, the corresponding changes in the areas of the rasters on the front and back sides form a certain sign, visible during transmission. In this case, the generated character is shown schematically in FIG. 8D in the form of the letters “OK”.

Another way of carrying out the invention is described with reference to Fig.9A-9E. In this method, the pattern in accordance with the present invention is used to align the printing cylinders when installing the machine for duplex printing. Since in accordance with the present invention it is possible to control the register of duplex printing on a printing object, this principle can be applied both to detect fakes made by photocopying or scanning, and to adjust the register of duplex printing of a printing press by creating a special character for this purpose. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9A-9E, the control mark comprises two arrows of the opposite direction. The primary background of the front side 85 consists of consecutive parallel lines 86 (Figa). The primary background of the reverse side 87 consists of consecutive parallel lines (Figv). Each line 88 contains further offset portions 88a-88f (Fig. 9B). A feature of the lines 88 (Fig. 9B) is that their height, for example the length of the sections 88b and 88d, is equal to the width of the lines 86 (Fig. 9A). 9A and 9B, this is shown by a portion 89 framed by a dashed line. Height is of particular importance and allows you to set the duplex register. If the register is set correctly, then backgrounds 85 and 87 are combined, i.e. lines 86 and 88 are combined, and when translucent, the front background closes the reverse background. In other words, when scanned, the image shown in Fig. 9C appears with lines 89 of constant thickness.

In the case of incorrect register setting and longitudinal offset of prints on the front and back sides, the situation shown in Fig.9D or 9E, depending on the actual offset. If the background is offset upward from the front, i.e. the front-side printing cylinder is “ahead” of the front-side printing cylinder, then portions 88a, 88f and 88h will appear at least partially during transillumination, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 9D, and straight sections 90 will correspond to overlapping the other straight lines 86 and 88a, 88e and 88g (Figs. 9A and 9B). If the areas are arranged in such a way that they form a predetermined image, for example, two arrows pointing in opposite directions, and if the offset is directed upwards on the reverse side, then the upward arrow will become dark (the left side of Fig. 9D), and the downward arrow will become light (right side of Fig. 9D). Conversely, if the displacement is directed downward, sections 88a, 88e and 88g will appear during transillumination (Fig. 9E), and lines 90 of this figure will be the result of overlapping lines 86 (Fig. 9A) and sections 88c, 88f and 88h (Figv). In this case, the downward-pointing arrow will darken, and the upward-pointing arrow will become light (upper part of Fig. 9E).

Such a control pattern makes it easy to control the register of duplex printing, while the installation accuracy is related to the thickness of lines 86 and offsets 88a-88g. In addition, the claimed control means can be used simultaneously to set the longitudinal displacement and set the lateral displacement. To do this, it is enough to combine the pattern shown in Figs. 9A and 9B with an identical pattern in which the lines are directed perpendicular to the lines shown in Figs. 9A and 9B.

Figure 10 shows another way of making a drawing in accordance with the present invention. In this case, the displacement of the lines is masked in order to further complicate its examination with the naked eye. In the presented example, each line is divided into sections S ₁ -S _n . Section S _{n is} characterized by the width l _{n of the} line and the distances d _n1 and d _n2 between this section and the corresponding section of the previous line and the next line. The control ratio is determined by the first section of the line:

r ₁ = l ₁ / (d ₁₁ + d ₁₂ ) / 2.

This ratio “line width / average distance” is maintained constant and equal to r ₁ for all sections of the line. So, for the plot S _n we obtain r _n = l _n / (d _n1 + d _n2 ) / 2 = r ₁ , whence l _n = r ₁ · (d _n1 + d _n2 ) / 2.

In addition, the length of the sections can vary along the lines, in particular the shorter sections are preferably located in areas with a strong change and provide better masking.

Figure 11 shows how to combine drawings on the same sheet containing prints, such as prints of securities. Sheet F contains a number of prints 91 with a matrix arrangement in rows and columns adjacent to each other. Each of the prints 91 contains at least one control element 92, made in accordance with the principle described with reference to Fig.1A-8D. Element 92 is used as a security element to prevent possible counterfeiting of prints, for example by photocopying or scanning. In addition, two control elements 93 and 94, made according to the method described with reference to Figs. 9A-9E, are used to set the duplex register. The control elements 93 and 94 can be located, for example, on the edges of the sheet F and aligned on two axes perpendicular to each other, which allows you to adjust the duplex register in two directions perpendicular to each other as described above.

You can use controls for all types of securities, in particular paper money, bank notes, etc.

The control element in accordance with the present invention can be used not only to combat counterfeiting, but also to control print quality. For example, when printing paper money, it is easy to check the print quality of individual bills by monitoring the presence of a control element. Using simple and well-known means, you can see if a check mark appears. For example, when illuminating banknotes from the back, the camera located on the front side clearly captures the presence or absence of a control mark.

In addition, you can change the substrate of a printed object: you can use paper or any other substrate, for example, plastic, polymer, polyester or their analogues. The greater the transparency of the printed substrate, the more distinctly the control element in accordance with the present invention manifests itself upon transmission. You can pre-prepare the printing substrate in the print area containing the control element in accordance with the present invention, for example, using varnish or using the watermark effect.

Claims (6)

1. A method of controlling a double-sided register on an object printed on a machine for double-sided printing, comprising the following steps:
using a control element on a printing object containing a first pattern printed on the front side of this printed object and containing at least one first set of geometric shapes, while the control element contains a second pattern printed on the back side of the printed object, and the second drawing is printed against the first figure and contains at least a second set of geometric shapes corresponding to the first set of geometric shapes, while the second set of geometry eskih forms contain portions that are offset so that when two-sided register between the first and second patterns is right or not accurate, said offset portions are respectively hidden or visible on the clearance between the first set of geometrical shapes,
check the printed object for clearance,
it is determined that the double-sided register is correct or inaccurate in accordance with whether said offset portions are respectively hidden or visible through the lumen between the geometric shapes of the first population. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that two control elements (93, 94) are used on the printed object to control the longitudinal displacement and lateral displacement between the front and back sides of this printed object. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first set (85) of geometric shapes contains straight parallel lines (86) with a certain line width, and the second set (87) of geometric shapes contains parallel lines (88) having a line width less than the width of said straight lines (86), and portions (88a-88h) that are offset in a direction perpendicular to said straight lines (86), so that the offset portions (88a-88h) are covered by said straight lines (86) in the case when the two-way register is correct, and are visible on n it grows between straight lines (86) in the case when the two-sided register is inaccurate, with the first and second figures shifted relative to each other in the direction perpendicular to straight lines (86). 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that in the case of an inaccurate two-way register and an offset between the first and second figures in the direction perpendicular to the straight lines (86), the offset sections (88a-88h) form a certain predetermined symbol indicating the direction of the offset . 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that said predetermined symbol is formed by two arrows in opposite directions, moreover, one of these arrows becomes more saturated and the other lighter in light in the direction of displacement. 6. A method for regulating the printing cylinders of a double-sided printing machine, comprising the following steps:
control the double-sided register of an object printed on this machine for double-sided printing in accordance with the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
adjust the double-sided register of a given printing press as a function of the results of said control.

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