RU2408099C2 - Transhipment device of blocks with waste fuel assemblies - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry. ^ SUBSTANCE: device includes guide channel, plate of biological protection and protection container with its own lifting and lowering mechanism to which the transhipped reactor block with fuel assemblies (waste fuel assemblies) is moved, and reducer attached to the block with WFA. Reducer is made in the form of the housing consisting of upper sheet and lower flange which are connected to each other with ribs, spring-loaded movable central plate and shaped double-arm levers with rods. Reducer is installed by means of bolts through shell to calibrated shoulders and deforming bushes. Guide channel is provided with annular shoulders restricting possible bumpless sliding of reducer after levers are activated, and with flange for hanging out the guide channel on the battery of damping elements installed on articulated suspension, with possibility of erection of guide channel in the axis between block with WFA and container. Articulated suspension is installed in the bowl standing on controlled supports located inside the plate of biological protection, which is also installed on controlled supports. ^ EFFECT: proposed device is capable of picking up the falling transhipped block with WFA in emergency situation, decreasing accelerations and dynamic loads appearing as a result of the above, and excluding the damage of transhipped block with WFA. ^ 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to objects of atomic energy use, in particular to devices for unloading and loading into storage of units with spent fuel assemblies (SFAs) of ships with APPU or NPPs, which are based on the use of low and medium power reactors, the use of which involves removing the block with SFA entirely after the completion of the company.

Typically, the removal of the unit from the SFA begins with the dismantling of the add-ons, removal of biological protection, the reactor cover and installation of special equipment. Special equipment, in addition to the container into which the reloaded reactor block will be placed, includes a guide channel, service platforms, additional biological protection, radiation safety control equipment (Wordsworth A.D. Nuclear fuel technology. M., Atomizdat, 1965, p. 86-92, 238-240; Ship nuclear power plants. Edited by V.A. Kuznetsov, Atomizdat, 1976, p. 340-343).

Such extraction is complicated by the fact that it is necessary to raise the unit from the SFA to a height, a fall from which is unacceptable.

Known reloading system of a transport reactor (patent SU No. 1340442 G21C 19/10, publ. 1986), which contains a support ring, which is installed for the period of overloading the active zone, and a reloading container with its own lifting mechanism and grip, which is installed on the support ring .

The disadvantage of this reloading system is the possibility of a unit falling off the SFA in the event of a capture failure, a cable break with which it rises, or the destruction of any supporting elements of the lifting and lowering mechanism.

An object of the invention is to develop a device capable of catching a falling overloaded unit with a SFA in an emergency, to reduce the resulting acceleration and dynamic loads, to prevent the destruction of the overloaded unit with a SFA, and thereby ensure radiation and nuclear safety.

The objective of the invention is solved in that the overloaded unit with SFA is lifted into the container inside the guide channel, which is a pipe whose inner diameter is the same as the container’s diameter; an adapter is fixed on the reloaded block with SFA, which ensures that the unit with SFA is captured in the cavity of the container or guide channel in case of failure of capture, cable breakage of the container lifting mechanism or destruction of any supporting elements of the lifting and lowering mechanism.

It is advisable to capture the overloaded unit with the SFA by inserting and jamming the two-arm levers into the walls of the container or the guide channel.

It is advisable to make the guide channel with a flange resting on a battery of damping elements, capable of extinguishing part of the kinetic energy in the event of an accidental fall of the unit with the SFA.

It is advisable to install the guide channel on a hinge suspension, which allows the guide channel to be set exactly with the slightest effort exactly to the position in which the overloaded unit from the SFA can enter the guide channel and the block moves from the SFA from the channel to the container, as well as equalize the load on the damping elements.

It is advisable to make the inner diameter of the guide channel equal to the inner diameter of the container cavity and slightly larger than the overall diameter of the overloaded unit with the SFA.

It is advisable to make the adapter in the form of a housing consisting of an upper sheet and a lower flange interconnected by ribs, a movable central plate and a set of springs installed between the movable central plate and the upper housing sheet on the respective guides.

It is advisable to fix the ends of the rods going to the two-arm levers on the movable central plate of the adapter.

It is advisable that the two-arm levers, when the springs are pressed by the weight of the unit with the SFA, do not go beyond the dimensions of the adapter with working profiled edges.

It is advisable to regulate the position of the axes of two shoulders levers, install them on the edges of the adapter housing on rotary eccentrics.

It is advisable to adjust the position of the two-arm levers by the angle of inclination and the height of the mounting of the ends of the rods to the movable central plate of the adapter with a set of compensating plates.

It is advisable to increase the adhesion to the guide channel or the container body on the working profiled edges of the two-arm levers to cut the teeth.

It is advisable to have such a combination of parameters of the above structural elements so that in an emergency, for example, when the gripper fails, the cable breaks in the system of lifting or breaking some of the supporting elements of the lifting and lowering mechanism, the springs installed in the adapter are activated and the central plate is moved and through the fixed on it, the two-arm levers were turned on the thrust by the angle of the output of the working profiled edges beyond the dimensions of the adapter case, leading to the insertion and jamming of the adapter into strips ty container or channel guide.

It is advisable to fasten the adapter to the overloaded unit with a SFA by performing bolts installed in the attachment points capable of absorbing and dissipating energy during a fall and impact.

It is advisable to mount the unit in the form of a glass with deformable walls and a pre-installed deformation sleeve.

It is advisable that the cup located in the adapter housing be made with a calibrated bearing collar capable of being cut off at a certain load by the bolt head resting on it. After cutting the calibrated bearing collars during further movement of the reloaded unit with SFA from the braking adapter, the bolt heads will engage the deforming sleeves pre-installed in the glasses, which will pass through the glasses, deforming the walls of the glasses and thereby dissipate part of the energy of the fall.

It is desirable to make the guide channel composite. It is desirable in each part of the guide channel to have annular projections protruding inward, limiting the possible shockless sliding of the adapter after the operation of the levers.

It is advisable to unify the adjustable support plate and bowl.

It is advisable to unify the supplied supports of the plate and bowl.

The technical result from the use of the claimed invention is:

- improving the reliability, nuclear and radiation safety of the device overload unit with SFA;

- reducing acceleration and dynamic load on the unit with SFA arising from its fall;

- increasing the response time of the pickup device (for example, compared with the friction variant) by including the processes of deformation and cutting;

- expanding the technological capabilities to configure the pickup device;

- balancing the load on the damping elements.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the device for unloading and loading an overloaded unit with a SFA containing a guide channel over which an unloading protective container is installed, an adapter is used that is attached to the overloaded unit. In case of failure of capture, cable breakage of the container lifting mechanism or destruction of any supporting elements of the lifting and lowering mechanism, the central movable plate of the adapter under the action of springs installed in the adapter body, through the rods attached to it, drives the profiled two-arm levers that go beyond the dimensions adapter shells, cut into the walls of the container or the walls of the shell of the guide channel, and the adapter brakes on the walls of the container or elements of the guide channel - the shell and and piles; when braking an overloaded unit with a SFA in the container cavity, the walls of the glasses of the attachment points in the adapter body are deformed; when braking an overloaded unit with SFA in the cavity of the guide channel, the flange of the guide channel deforms the battery of damping elements.

This allows for the capture of the overloaded unit with the SFA, to reduce its accelerations and dynamic loads, and to exclude the destruction of the unit.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, presented in figures 1-6:

figure 1 - General view of the device;

figure 2 - design of the articulation of the channel guide with the plate;

figure 3 - design of the articulated suspension of the channel;

figure 4 - design of the adapter;

5 is a design of adjustable supports;

6 is a design of a battery of damping elements.

The proposed device overload unit with SFA consists of:

- a container (1) into which (from which) the block is moved with the SFA (11);

- plates of biological protection (2);

- articulated suspension (3);

- batteries of damping elements (4);

- channel guide (5);

- an adapter (6) attached to the overloaded unit with a SFA (11) (Fig. 1).

The container (1) is a thick-walled metal container having a gate (not shown), carrying its own lifting and lowering mechanism (7) and having couplers for external lifting equipment (not shown). The lifting and lowering mechanism (7) consists of a winch, rope blocks and grippers (8) connected by ropes.

The biological protection plate (2) is a support for the entire device and has three adjustable supports (9) and a number of supplied supports (10). The expansion screws (17) of the biological protection plate (2) serve to fix the plate in the opening of the deck (structure) (44).

The channel guide (5) is made in the form of a metal shell having a flange (12) for hanging and ring collars (13) (figure 2). The flange (12) rests on a battery of damping elements (4), which lies on a hinged suspension (3). The hinged suspension (3) is installed in the bowl (14), which stands on three adjustable (9) and a number of feed supports (10) on the ledge of the biological protection plate (2). Four screw pushers (15) are installed in the lower part of the guide channel (5) and are attached to the structure of the object.

The spacer screws (16) of the bowl flange (14) and the flange (12) of the guide channel (5) serve to fix the adjusted position of the guide channel (5) before installing the container (1).

The hinged suspension (3) of the guide channel (5) consists of two rings (18) (Fig. 3), supported by brackets (19) located in two intersecting axes.

The adapter (6) consists of a housing (20) (Fig. 4), a fungus (21), a central movable plate (22), springs (23) and a series of profiled two-arm levers (24) with rods (25).

The travel of the springs (23) is limited by the collar (47) and ties (48).

The housing (20) of the adapter (6) consists of an upper sheet (26) and a lower flange (27) connected by ribs (28).

The housing (20) of the adapter (6) is fastened to the overloaded unit with the SFA (11) by bolts (34), which are supported by calibrated collars (32) made in glasses (29).

In each glass (29), a deformation sleeve (33) is installed.

Rotary eccentrics (30) are placed on the ribs (28). Compensators (31) in the form of plate packs stand between the central movable plate (22) and the support (43) of the rods (25).

Each glass (29) has a bearing flange with a calibrated shoulder (32), a deforming sleeve (33), a bolt (34).

Rotary eccentrics (30) are secured with screws (35).

Adjustable supports (9) are a pair of plates (36) (Fig. 5) with inclined surfaces, a pair of wedges (37), a screw lanyard (38) and a worm gear (39) having a vertical drive axis. The bottom plate is equipped with a self-aligning spherical heel (40).

The battery of damping elements (4) is a set of scraps of metal pipes (41) (6), mounted on a ring (42).

The device overload blocks with SFA as follows.

An adapter (6) with bolts (34) (figure 4) is attached to the unit with SFA (11) (11) intended for overloading. The bolt heads are supported by calibrated collars (32). The biological protection plate (2) is placed in the opening of the deck (structure) (44). With the help of adjustable supports (9), the biological protection plate (2) is set horizontally at a certain level. The biological protection plate (2) is exposed coaxially to the SFA unit (11) and is fixed in the opening of the deck (structure) (44) with stop screws (17). The screw feed supports (10) are brought to the bearing surface of the deck opening (structure) (44) and serve to reduce the load on the adjustable supports (9) during further operation of the device. In the opening of the biological protection plate (2), a bowl (14) is mounted on adjustable and supplied supports (9, 10). By analogy with the biological protection plate (2), with the help of adjustable and supplied supports (9, 10), the bowl (14) is set to a certain level horizontally. The hinged suspension (3) is installed in the bowl, onto which the battery of damping elements (4) is mounted, and on that, in turn, it is mounted by the flange (12) and the guide channel (5) is hung out. Guiding the opening of the guide channel (5) onto the axis of the SFA unit (11) is carried out by dragging the bowl (14) using removable lanyards (not shown) and swinging the guide channel (5) using screw pushers (15). After setting the optimal position, the bowl (14) and the channel guide (5) are fixed from above with spacer screws (16), from the bottom the channel guide (5) is fixed with screw pushers (15). After that, on the plane of the biological protection plate (2) two containers (not shown) are mounted on two fingers (1), covering the entire opening of the guide channel (5).

The fungus (21) of the adapter (6) by means of the lifting and lowering mechanism (7) lowers the gripper (8), which automatically connects to the adapter (6).

When raising and lowering the overloaded unit with SFA (11), the housing (20) hangs on the shoulder (46) of the fungus (21), the springs (23) are pressed between the central movable plate (22) and the top sheet (26) of the housing (20), profiled two shoulders levers (24) with rods (25) are turned so that they are in the dimensions of the housing (20) of the adapter (6).

In case of failure of capture (8), cable breakage or destruction of any load-bearing elements of the lifting and lowering mechanism (7), the overloaded unit with SFA (11) falls together with the adapter (6) in the cavity of the container (1) or channel of the guide (5) ) is prevented by braking with damping and stopping.

This is achieved as follows:

- the force of the preloaded springs (23) between the central movable plate (22) and the upper sheet (26) of the case (20) of the adapter (6) disappears;

- the central movable plate (22) under the action of the springs (23) moves down;

- rods (25) turn the two shoulders levers (24) through the angle of the output of the working profiled edges (45) beyond the dimensions of the housing (20) of the adapter (6) so that they come into contact with the walls of the container body (1) or the shell and / or annular collars (13) of the guide channel (5);

- working profiled edges (45) of the levers (24) cut into and deform the walls of the container body (1) or the shell of the guide channel (5) and / or cut into the annular collars (13) of the guide channel (5);

- the adapter (6) is jammed in the container body (1) or in the guide channel (5);

- if the drop occurs in the container body (1) or in the gateway of the container (1), the calibrated collars (32) of the glasses (29) of the adapter (6) are destroyed, a gap appears and increases between the adapter (6) and the overloaded unit with SFA (11); each bolt (34) pulls the deforming sleeve (33) along the glass (29), deforming its wall, while the fall energy of the unit with the SFA (11) is spent on the destruction and deformation of these elements of the adapter (6);

- when falling inside the guide channel (5), the guide (5) involved by the SFA unit (11) through the adapter (6) into the joint downward movement of the channel with its flange (12) deforms the battery of damping elements (4), and the fall energy of the SFA unit (11) is spent on the work on the deformation of the battery cells of the damping elements (4).

Before starting work, for synchronization in the work of the two-arm levers (24), so that upon contact, all the contacting surfaces of the working profiled edges (45) of the two-arm levers (24) have the same overhang, are simultaneously pressed against the guide walls of the container body (1) or the side of the guide channel ( 5), and to compensate for technological tolerances in the manufacture of parts of the reloading device, the initial position of the axes of the two-arm levers (24) is adjusted using rotary eccentrics (30) and the initial angle of inclination two shoulders levers (24) the thickness of the packs of plates of compensators (31) under the supports (43) rods (25). Rotary eccentrics (30) are fixed with screws (35).

Adjusting the speed of two shoulders levers is achieved by selecting the number of springs (23) in the adapter (6).

Claims (2)

1. A device for reloading blocks with spent fuel assemblies, comprising a guide channel, a biological protection plate and a protective container with its own lifting and lowering mechanism, into which the overloaded reactor block with spent fuel assemblies is moved, an adapter attached to the block with spent fuel assemblies, characterized in that the adapter is made in the form of a housing consisting of a top sheet and a lower flange interconnected by ribs, a spring-loaded movable price a swivel plate and profiled two-arm levers with rods, installed using bolts through glasses with calibrated collars and deforming bushings, the guide channel is made with annular collars that limit the possible shockless sliding of the adapter after the levers are triggered, and with a flange for hanging the guide channel on the battery of damping elements, mounted on a hinged suspension, with the possibility of mounting the guide channel in the axis between the block with spent fuel assemblies and the container, with this hinged suspension is installed in a bowl, standing on adjustable and supplied supports inside the biological protection plate, also installed on adjustable supports. 2. The unit overload device with spent fuel assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-arm levers located on the edges of the adapter body are mounted on eccentrics, and the rods on the compensator plate packages, with the ability to precisely control the timing of their operation.

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