RU2406538C2 - Preparation for decontamination and disinfection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical-pharmaceutical industry, in particular to preparation for decontamination and disinfection. Preparation for decontamination and disinfection, containing aqueous solution of inorganic oxidiser hydroperite or perhydrol, modified water-soluble starch, quaternary ammonium compound, pH regulator - 5% icy acetic or oxalic acid and water, taken in specified ratio.

EFFECT: preparation possesses high decontaminating, bactericidal and sporocidal activity.

Description

The invention relates to the pharmaceutical industry and relates to the creation of means for degassing and disinfection.

Scientific and technical prerequisites for the study of the possibility of using polymers and polymer systems (PS) in a new generation of polydegassing formulations (PDEs) are the results of previous studies and developments on the use of polymer compounds:

to create special processing formulations (CO) - polyglycols and polyglymes, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose;

for creating easily removable and stationary coatings - alcohol-sulfite stillage, methyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol;

for creating a self-degassing surface (SDP) - polymers of standard paint coatings (LCP);

to develop a gel-like formulation for an individual agent based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA);

other works, including the use of peroxide compounds.

The conditions (principles) for the use of polymer-containing formulations (RPS) can be:

the use of polymer systems for the preventive protection of military (B) and military equipment (VT) objects from contamination (contamination) by toxic substances (OM), reactive substances (RS) and biological substrates (BS) by preliminary coating the surface of objects with the subsequent removal of the formulation film (mechanically, that is, removal, stripping, etc., or rinsing with water, solvents, including light motor fuels, or time-limited CO formulations with a reduced consumption rate). In this case, the polymer system may either contain a chemically active reagent (HAR), or be used without it.

Use of PSR for СО upon the fact of infection (pollution). In this case, the use cases may be as follows:

the use of polymer systems for forming film on the surface of objects that prevents the transfer of substrates to personnel, or at least reduces the speed of such; in this case, the mandatory presence of HAR in the formulation is not expected. Subsequently, the film is removed. The use of polymer systems for direct detoxification or disinfection of substrates due to their chemical decomposition with subsequent additional formation of a protective film at objects B and BT. With this option, the RPS must contain HAR; can be used for degassing and disinfecting personal protective equipment (PPE).

Such polymer compositions (PCs) can be created based on:

polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyvinyl acetate (PVA);

cellulose ethers and their derivatives;

polyurethane dispersion;

copolymers of acrylic acid, acrylamide;

latex compounds;

gelatin.

The main indicators for choosing a PC should be:

solubility of PC in water and aqueous-organic systems, including at low temperatures;

PC stability in these solvents;

the lack of polymerization at the time of the preparation of the RPS and the use of CO technical equipment;

compatibility with HAR, in particular with coordination compounds of hydrogen peroxide, and other possible components of RPS;

the formation of a durable film on the surfaces of the object while maintaining the ability to quickly remove it from the latter without the use of special technological methods.

Make a selection of stabilizing and washing additives.

As possible additives to the PC it is necessary to consider:

to stabilize the formulation, improve surface wetting and subsequent removal of the coating - surface-active substances (surfactants) (sulfanol, cyclimide, emulsifier OP-7 (OP-10), HOUR);

to improve the quality of the coating when applying the formulation to the surface and subsequent removal of the film - plasticizer (glycerin, castor oil, etc.).

These additives should be a few percent by weight. To increase the shelf life of the formulation (its concentrates), antioxidants and preservatives may be necessary.

Touching upon the elimination of the consequences of chemical and biological terrorism, it should be noted that at present there are no universal technical means and formulations that allow them to be effectively addressed.

Known polydegassing formulation - water-polymer formulation "Artem".

The VPR-1 water-polymer bifunctional formulation kit is designed for the degassing and disinfection of weapons and military equipment contaminated with sending substances and biological agents when used from the Transbaikalia special processing unit (APSO).

The composition of the set VPR-1 The kit contains components for two charges APSO "Transbaikalia".

The composition of the kit is presented in the table.

The main performance characteristics of the VPR-1 kit

The number of charges with the recipe for the Transbaikal 2 The volume of one charge of the formulation, l 4.0 The processing area of one charge of the recipe, m ² 16 ± 2 The rate of surface treatment of military equipment, m ² / min 16 ± 2 The time during which the formulation retains degassing and disinfecting properties after preparation with storing it in the device, days 5 The spray time of the recipe from the device at initial pressure 1.5 MPa, min one Recipe consumption, l / min 0.3

Despite its indisputable advantages of VPR-1, such as bifunctionality, high polydegassing properties, low consumption, it has a number of significant drawbacks, namely the high cost and the inability to use existing technical means. Due to its high viscosity, the Artem recipe is used only from the Transbaikal autonomous special processing device (APSO), and when equipped with gas from a gas generating device.

The closest in value and composition to the claimed invention is patent document RU 2160122 C1, 10.12.2000, which discloses a disinfectant containing perhydrol or hydroperite as an inorganic oxidizing agent and acetic acid as a pH regulator.

The objective of the present invention is the creation of bifunctional polydegassing formulations based on the experience of creating the formulation "Artem", similar in application efficiency, but much cheaper in production and less viscous, which will allow their use for processing from most existing technical means. The difficulty in selecting the composition of the Artem formulation was mainly in the requirement for its components for storage (at least 3 years) and the ability to remain operational (up to 5 days), which is associated with its operation in combat conditions. To solve the problems of eliminating the consequences of chemical and biological terror, more “soft” requirements are acceptable for the warranty period of storage of the components of the formulation and the time of its operability, provided its cost is reduced. So the warranty shelf life of the components of the formulation can be at least 1 year and the working life of the formulation up to 1 day. The specified requirement in terms of working time, in turn, will significantly reduce the initial viscosity of the formulation and abandon the introduction of expensive stabilizers in its composition, which will reduce its cost and allow the use of the recipe from existing technical means by the method of fine irrigation of the surface.

To solve this problem, a means for degassing and disinfection is proposed, containing an aqueous solution of an inorganic oxidizing agent hydroperit or perhydrol and a pH regulator, characterized in that it additionally contains a high molecular weight compound - a modified water-soluble, starch, quaternary ammonium compound, as a pH regulator - 5% ice acetic or oxalic acid and water in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:

hydroperite or perhydrol 10-12 modified water soluble starch 2 quaternary ammonium compound 0.5 5% glacial acetic or oxalic acid 0.2 water rest

Instead of expensive potassium perfluoride (PFC-1), the composition of the claimed agent as the main active substance, providing degassing and disinfecting properties, introduced cheaper peroxide solvates - sodium hydroperide or peroxocarbonate. Both of these compounds are more environmentally friendly compared to PFK-1 and less expensive. At the same time, the content of these components in the formulation was reduced by half (up to 10-12% by mass), provided that up to 0.5% of a surfactant, quaternary ammonium bromide, widely used as a broad spectrum antiseptic, was introduced into the formulation. Previous studies have shown that this compound, along with high disinfecting properties, serves as a catalyst for the decomposition of organophosphorus OM and mustard.

Experience in the preparation of the Artem formulation showed that the use of cellulose sulfacell in its composition introduces difficulties in its preparation, associated with the formation of lumps when the polymer is dissolved in water, and the inability to dissolve sulfacell in a PFC solution. The formation of lumps leads to a decrease in the viscosity of the formulation and the possibility of failure of the nozzles during its use, the requirement for separate dissolution of the components of the formulation complicates and lengthens its preparation, making it impossible to prepare the recipe in the technical means of special processing. In this regard, sulfacella has been replaced by a cheaper natural polymer, which is easily soluble in water or in a component solution without the formation of lumps.

As such a polymer, modified starch was used in a concentration of up to 2% by weight.

As an active chemical substance, a hydroperide (a solvate of hydrogen peroxide with urea) or perhydrol is introduced into the composition of the agent.

Aqueous solutions of hydroperite in their degassing and disinfecting properties are similar to PFC-1 solutions. Hydroperite is 2 times cheaper than PFK-1, it is more easily soluble in water, less toxic, more environmentally friendly. At a concentration of more than 20% by weight does not cause salting out of the polymer from the solution.

To neutralize alkaline emergency chemically hazardous substances (AHOV), acid has been introduced into the composition of the product.

Thus, after conducting practical research on the possible composition of the formulation of the composition proposed:

means intended for the degassing of mustard gas, alkaline substances, the list of AHOV, disinfection of spore and vegetative forms of microorganisms, contains wt.%:

hydroperite or perhydrol 10-12 modified water soluble starch 2 quaternary ammonium compound 0.5 5% glacial acetic or oxalic acid 0.2 water rest

Preliminary tests showed that the composition is easily prepared for 10 minutes in one vessel (for the preparation of the Artem formulation, separate dissolution of the components in different vessels is required, and the preparation time is up to 30 minutes).

The freshly prepared composition, when measured with a VZ-4 viscometer under normal conditions, has a viscosity of 30 ... 35 seconds, which allows it to be applied to the surface by spraying at low pressures (up to 4 atm).

The active substance in both cases is hydrogen peroxide in an acidic medium together with quaternary ammonium bromide, which acts as a catalyst.

When drying on vertical and horizontal surfaces (at 20 ° С drying time up to 20 hours), the solution forms a dense film preventing the diffusion of organic matter from the material and fixing microorganisms on the treated surface. With an increase in humidity up to 90% (fog, rain), the film swells again, and the processes of OM hydrolysis and the effect of an antiseptic on microorganisms resumes. If necessary, the film of formulations is easily washed off by wiping with an irrigated brush or high-pressure jets (devices of the Karcher type).

Preliminary laboratory studies of the degassing and disinfecting properties of the agent showed its high degassing and disinfecting properties.

Found that the tool containing

- 2% modified starch;

- 10% hydroperite;

- 5% quaternary ammonium base bromide;

- 5% glacial acetic or oxalic acid;

- water the rest is up to 100 wt.%,

has a high degassing activity against a mustard simulator - I-1 both in vitro and on treated surfaces;

It has high bactericidal and sporocidal activity against spore and vegetative forms of microorganisms, up to complete disinfection of surfaces, which allows us to recommend it for preliminary tests from special processing equipment.

An assessment was made of the effectiveness of degassing with the claimed means of model surfaces contaminated with simulators of toxic substances and the completeness of disinfection of model surfaces contaminated with microorganisms in spore form, using an agent containing in wt.%:

hydroperite or perhydrol 10-12 modified water soluble starch 2 quaternary ammonium compound 0.5 5% glacial acetic or oxalic acid 0.2 water rest

As simulators of toxic substances were used:

1. Mustard - I-1 (2-chlorodiethyl sulfide) with an initial infection density of 7 g / m ² ;

Soman - I-2 (diisopropyl fluorophosphate) about the initial infection density of 3 g / m ² ;

2. Microorganisms: B.anthracis strain 55-VNIIVV and M

(anthrax causative agent) with an initial concentration of 1 million m.k. / ml (4 · 10 ⁴ m.k. / cm ² );

3. Model surfaces:

Absorbent OB - metal plates 50 × 50 mm,

enamelled PF-115;

Non-absorbing OB - glass plates 50 × 50 mm.

Test methods

Test conditions:

Poster:

Air temperature ° C twenty Relative humidity% 62 Wind speed, m / s 0.5

To prepare 1 liter of the product in 870 ml of water, 100 g of hydroperite is dissolved or 100 ml of perhydrol is added. 5 g of HOUR and 20 g of modified starch are added and mixed into the solution until complete dissolution. It is kept for 5 minutes until swelling, then 2 g of oxalic or acetic acid are added to the solution. The solution is stirred.

The completeness of disinfection was considered achieved if, after treating 4 surfaces with the product, there was no growth of microorganisms on nutrient media.

The product was used from a stand-alone special processing device (APSO Transbaikalia) with an initial pressure of ≈10 atm and a working volume of the formulation of 5 l. The initial relative viscosity of the formulation is 10 ... 25 s. The consumption rate of the formulation for surface degassing is 0.3 l / m ² .

Under the specified conditions and test procedure, a tool with a flow rate of 0.3 l / m ² for 1 hour ensures the complete degassing of surfaces contaminated with imitators of substances.

The tool at a flow rate of 0.3 l / m ² for 1 hour ensures the complete disinfection of surfaces infected with spore forms of microorganisms.

The tool is environmentally friendly. The content of hydrogen peroxide in hydroperite and perhydrol is about 36%. Perhydrol is preferable to hydroperite in the preparation of large volumes of the formulation.

Preferred are the following parameters of the claimed funds:

Recipe preparation time, min, no more 10 The initial relative viscosity of the formulation, with 10 ... 25 Consumption rate for degassing and disinfection of infected surfaces, l / m ² 0.3 * Time to reach the complete degassing of infected simulators of surface OM, hour one The time to reach the complete disinfection of contaminated microorganisms in the spore form of surfaces, hours one The temperature range of application of the formulation, ° C + 5 ... + 40

Compared with the VPR-1 bifunctional water-polymer compound adopted in 2004 for supplying the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (“Artem”), the tested polydegassing and disinfecting formulation of PDR (“Max”) has the following advantages:

the proportion of components in the water-polymer system of MPD is 13%, the rest (87%) is water (in the VPR - 1-31% and 69%, respectively), which will ensure a decrease in transportable reserves by 2.4 times;

the viscosity of the formulation is reduced, which allows it to be used from all existing and promising technical means of special processing, and also, by reducing the initial working pressure in APSO, it will increase the surface area to be treated;

3 times reduced cooking time;

the expensive chemically active component of the VPR - 1 formulation - potassium perfluoride (PFC - 1) was replaced by a cheaper one - hydroperite (or perhydrol), which, taking into account a significant decrease in the proportion of components necessary for the preparation of the VDP, ensured an overall decrease in the cost of the formulation by almost 3 times ;

liquid components are excluded from the set for the preparation of the PDL (in VPR - 1 is a liquid buffer-glycerin mixture), which simplifies the technology for the industrial manufacture of the PDR kit and preparing the formula from it before use (one stage of preparation and the need for two containers in the kit are excluded).

Claims (1)

A means for degassing and disinfection containing an aqueous solution of an inorganic oxidizing agent, hydroperite or perhydrol, and a pH regulator, characterized in that it additionally contains a high molecular weight compound - modified water-soluble starch, quaternary ammonium compound, and 5% glacial acetic or oxalic acid as a pH regulator, and water in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:
hydroperite or perhydrol 10-12 modified water soluble starch 2 quaternary ammonium compound 0.5 5% glacial acetic or oxalic acid 0.2 water rest