RU2404937C2 - Composition for roofing material and method of its production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: composition for producing roofing materials includes the following components, wt %: ground wastes of bitumen roofing materials on glass base 1 - 20.0, spent oil products 3.0-16.0, wastes of thermoplastic polymers 1.0-5.0, waste paper 1-10.0, ground wastes of bitumen roofing materials, ruberoid - balance. Method of composition production is characterised.

EFFECT: improved consumer properties of material and reduction of its prime cost.

2 cl, 1 dwg, 9 tbl, 10 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, and more specifically to the production of building materials, such as bitumen-polymer roofing hot mastics, similar to mastics according to GOST 2889-80, coating compositions for rolled roofing surfaced materials according to GOST 30547-97.

A known composition for producing roofing material (patent BY 4175 C1, IPC SB04/26, C08L 95/00, publ. 06/30/1998), including crushed waste bitumen roofing materials and additives in the form of a solvent and an aqueous emulsifier.

The disadvantages of the described composition for producing roofing material using crushed waste of bituminous roofing material and solvents include the fact that the described material is not sufficiently heat-resistant, contains expensive solvents that significantly reduce the ignition temperature and make it unnecessarily ductile, and insufficient indicators of heat resistance and ignition temperature do not allow using it for the production of rolled roofing materials. The use of solvents does not allow to obtain a high dispersion of roofing waste in the composition. In addition, the use of solvents leads to a significant increase in the cost of the composition.

The invention solves the problem of creating a composition for producing a roofing material with improved heat resistance, a high ignition temperature, as well as a cheaper one, which allows it to be used not only for mastics, but also for producing rolled roofing material without raising the cost of the material by introducing additives from waste acting as a plasticizer, modifier, and increasing the proportion of fibrous fillers. The invention allows to obtain very close and comparable indicators with bitumen-polymer compositions made from new commercial materials.

To achieve the task in the known composition for roofing materials, including crushed waste bitumen roofing materials ruberoid and additives, it is proposed to introduce crushed waste bitumen roofing materials on a glass base as an additional source of bitumen and mineral and fibrous fillers, as a plasticizer - spent petroleum products, as a modifier - waste thermoplastic polymers, as a filler - waste paper, in the following ratio Components, wt.%:

Ground Bitumen Roofing Waste glass-based materials 1,0-20,0 Spent Oil Products 3.0-16.0 Thermoplastic polymer waste 1.0-5.0 Waste paper 1.0-10.0 Ground Bitumen Roofing Waste ruberoid materials Rest

It is proposed to use crushed waste of bituminous roofing materials without first sorting them into bituminous powder and bituminized cardboard. The bitumen powder obtained as a result of the grinding of the waste completely replaces the marketable bitumen.

Wastes of bituminous roofing materials roofing materials usually contain the following grades: roofing material RPP-300 (GOST 10923-93), roofing material RPE-300 (GOST 10923-93), which are most often used during roofing. The content of components after grinding waste material of these grades differs little and is in the following intervals: bituminized cardboard 37.5-33.3%; mineral and dusty filler - 6.0%; bitumen is 56.5-60.7%. Therefore, the waste of any material from these grades or their mixture can be used to obtain the proposed composition.

Wastes of rolled roofing materials on a glass base most often contain glass Ruberoid (GOST 15879-70), glass hydroisol (TU 5774-001-41644330-98). After grinding, the content of the components in each of them does not differ and amounts to: ground glass base 6.6%; mineral and dusty filler 7.0%; crushed bitumen - 86.4%. Those. in the proposed composition can be used waste of any of these materials.

The use of used motor oils as a plasticizer makes it possible to give the composition the necessary plastic properties, as well as restore the properties of bitumen, replacing oil roofs destroyed during operation. Oils of the MMO group are used (used motor oils) GOST 21046-86, which can be used to obtain the claimed effect.

The use of fibrous filler fibers of the cardboard base of roofing material and glass base fibers of the deposited roll roofing materials (included in the shredded waste of bituminous roofing materials) creates the effect of volume reinforcement of the composition, which allows to reduce the fragility of rolled roofing materials, to increase their strength and flexibility. The use of sprinkling of roofing material as mineral fillers (crushed and crushed coarse-grained spreading, as well as pulverized dusting of roofing material) reduces the fluidity of the composition in a heated state.

The use of waste thermoplastic polymers as a modifier allows you to create a spatial elastic structure of the mixture and thereby reduce the fragility of the roofing material, increase its strength, elasticity and flexibility, as well as increase heat resistance. The use of waste thermoplastic polymers can also compensate for lost properties and improve the quality of bitumen obtained from waste. As used waste of thermoplastic polymers, for example, one can use polyethylene packaging film (GOST 10354-82), or heat-shrink polyethylene film (GOST 25951-83), or both, since, as shown by the results of the experiments, they have the same effect on composition.

The use of components from secondary raw materials and waste to obtain the composition allows minimizing the cost of the composition, and the quality indicators of the roofing roll material made using the proposed composition are close to the indicators of materials made using the composition from new marketable materials.

A known method of obtaining a composition for roofing (US Pat. RF No. 2160298, IPC 7 C09D 195/00, C09D 109/02, C09D 109/06, C09D 127/06, C09D 127/18, C09D 193/04 publ. 10.12.2000 g), which includes mixing in a pre-heated to 60-80 ° C mixer of synthetic rubber butadiene-nitrile SKN-26, bitumen, waste non-woven polyvinyl chloride oilcloth, paper-based polyvinyl chloride oilcloth waste, paperboard and paper waste, limestone flour , asbestos fiber, fluoroplastic F-4 and rosin for 15-20 minutes until the temperature of the composition about 130-140 ° C, followed by shaping and sizing coating roofing material.

The disadvantages of the above method include the fact that it does not allow to obtain a high-quality coating of the roofing material due to the inability to ensure uniformity of the composition, since the mineral components of the composition are not sufficiently crushed, in addition, the rapid heating of the bitumen mixture for 15-20 minutes involves the use of high heating temperatures exceeding 180 ° C, which leads to a loss of the astringent properties of bitumen in contact with the walls of the mixer, all this affects the quality of the coating of the roofing material intact m.

The invention solves the problem of improving the quality of the composition by increasing its uniformity and preserving the astringent properties of bitumen.

To achieve the desired technical result in the known method for producing a composition, including mixing the components of the composition and heating with periodic stirring, it is proposed to first fill in the waste oil products in the mixer, heat them and load the crushed waste of bitumen roofing materials in portions, heating and keeping each portion until the bitumen melts, after why introduce crushed waste paper, dehydrate the mixture and hold at a temperature of 160-180 ° C for 9-11 hours, then to waste the waste of thermoplastic polymers, and after their melting, feed the mixture into a mill to grind mineral additives and disperse the mixture.

When the exposure time is reduced to 8 hours, the process of nourishing and dissolving into cardboard and waste paper fibers slows down, which leads to a lengthening of the process.

Lowering the temperature to 150 ° C during exposure is also not enough to dissolve the fibers. An increase in temperature above 180 ° C is unacceptable, since there is a loss of the astringent properties of bitumen due to its destruction.

The description is accompanied by a flow chart demonstrating the implementation of the proposed method for producing a roofing composition.

The following notation is used in the diagram:

1 - a machine for cutting large strata of waste bitumen roofing materials into separate pieces; 2 - belt conveyor; 3-chopper; 4 - a container with an aqueous solution of detergents; 5 - pump; 6-pipeline; 7 - a casing; 8 - storage hopper for the collection of crushed waste bitumen roofing materials (bitumen powder and bitumen cardboard); 9 - duct; 10 - installation for the collection of finely ground bitumen; 11 - pipe for removal of purified air; 12 - bitumen smelter; 13 - bitumen pump; 14 - mill; 15 - dispersant; 16 - pipeline bitumen composition; 17 - recirculation pipe.

A specific example of the method.

In the proposed method, as the main components of the composition, a ground mixture of waste bitumen roofing materials, obtained by the method described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2251456, is used before sieving.

The waste material of bitumen roofing materials, previously cut into pieces, is ruberoid and on fiberglass bases, ground in a PBM 1.01 TU 4845-005-4874011-2003 installation, without subsequent sorting. Each type of waste is ground separately.

The crushed mixture of roofing waste of bitumen roofing materials contains bitumen cardboard, crushed bitumen, crushed mineral filler, dust-like filler. The composition of the crushed mixture from the waste of bituminous roofing materials roofing materials - roofing material RPP-300, roofing material RPE-300 (determined by calculation and empirically in the manufacture of the mixture) is the following, wt.%: Crushed bituminized cardboard 37.5-33.3; mineral and dust filler 6.0; crushed bitumen - the rest.

The crushed mixture of waste bitumen roofing materials on fiberglass foundations contains glass-fiber, crushed mineral and dust-like filler, crushed bitumen. The composition of the crushed mixture of waste deposited roll roofing materials on a glass base - glassruberoid, glass hydroisol (determined by calculation and empirically in the manufacture of the mixture) is the following, wt.%: Crushed glass base 6.6; mineral and dusty filler 7.0; crushed bitumen - the rest.

In a commercially available bitumen smelter UBP 2 (TU 4845-005-4874011-2003) of cyclic action with a capacity of 2 tons, equipped with a mixing horizontal shaft with vanes and automatic equipment, the spent oil products are poured: oils of the MMO group GOST 21046-86, heated, crushed bitumen waste is loaded roofing materials in batches, and when loading each portion perform periodic mixing and heating. The duration of heating the mixture after each subsequent loading is reduced by 10% due to an increase in the volume of the heated mixture, which helps to accelerate the heating process due to direct heat transfer from oil products to bitumen particles and, in combination with periodic mixing, significantly increases the heating and melting speed of bitumen particles. When heated and molten bitumen is mixed with spent petroleum products, a compounding process occurs - mixing and combining high molecular weight hydrocarbon fractions of bitumen and petroleum products to make up for lost during operation, and at the same time spent petroleum products play the role of a plasticizing agent providing the required brittle temperature of the obtained bitumen composition. When heated and mixed in a hot liquid bituminous-oil medium, the cardboard is saturated and gradually dissolves into fibers.

The loading of crushed waste of bitumen roofing materials is carried out in 5-6 cycles. Simultaneously with the last loading of the crushed waste of bituminous roofing materials, crushed waste paper is loaded. In this case, in a heated mixture, it is quickly absorbed by bitumen.

The dehydration of the mixture is carried out when reaching a temperature of 95 ° C, necessary for intensive evaporation of water. The initial dehydration rate is high, and with a decrease in the amount of moisture, the dehydration rate slows down significantly and when the temperature reaches 100 ° C, the bulk of the water from the mixture evaporates, the temperature of the mixture begins to increase sharply, periodic mixing ensures the acceleration of steam output from the mixture. At a temperature of 160-180 ° C, the mixture is kept for 9-11 hours with periodic stirring, while the process of saturating the cardboard and waste paper with bitumen, swelling and layering them into fibers. Then, the waste of thermoplastic polymers (polyethylene film (GOST 10354-82), which is used as a modifier, is loaded, the mixture is periodically mixed. After the modifier is melted, the mixture is pumped through the pipeline to the mill, and from it to the dispersant. The grinding of large mineral particles and unstratified pieces of cardboard contained in the mixture to a powdery and fibrous state directly in the melt.

In the dispersant, dissociation and mixing of all components of the composition occurs. Dispersion of the mixture is carried out until a homogeneous, stable structure is obtained. The dispersion time is established empirically.

The material obtained after dispersion is homogeneous in contrast to the material obtained by the method described in the prototype, which positively affects its quality characteristics.

The obtained bitumen composition has quantitative indicators of the individual ingredients, which are within the following ranges, wt.%:

Ground Bitumen Roofing Waste glass-based materials 1,0-20,0 Spent Oil Products 3.0-16.0 Thermoplastic polymer waste 1.0-5.0 Waste paper 1.0-10.0 Ground Bitumen Roofing Waste ruberoid materials Rest

The performance of the composition, characterizing its consumer properties, when used as a mastic in comparison with mastics are shown in table 1.

Table 1 Parameter Name The indicator for mastics from the proposed composition The indicator for mastic obtained from crushed waste bitumen-roofing materials with a solvent (prototype) Index for bituminous roofing hot mastic MBK-G-75 GOST 2889-80 Indicator for bitumen-polymer mastic GOST 30693-2000 Fragility temperature, ° С -18-21 -5 -5 -25 Heat resistance, ° С 75-80 70 75 85 Flexibility on a beam with a radius of 5-25 mm at a temperature, ° C -8--12 +18 +18 -fifteen Flash point, ° С 235 one hundred 240 240

A comparison of the indicators was carried out using the proposed composition with the parameters of the mastic prototype and the bituminous roofing hot mastic MBK-G-75 according to several indicators corresponding to GOST 2889-80.

As follows from table 1 (example 1), indicators of bitumen-polymer roofing hot mastic, manufactured according to the proposed technology using waste bitumen roofing materials, have better characteristics than the mastic prototype and bitumen roofing hot mastic according to GOST 2889-80, and very close and comparable indicators with bitumen-polymer mastics according to GOST 30693-2000, made from new commodity materials.

The performance of the composition, characterizing its consumer properties, when used as a coating mixture in comparison with the performance for roll materials are shown in table 2.

table 2 Parameter Name The indicator for the roofing materials of the proposed composition Indicator for bituminous roofing materials according to GOST 30547-97 (stekloberueroid GOST 15879-70) Indicator for bitumen-polymer roofing materials according to GOST 30547-97 (Sarflex TU 5774-501-05766646-00) Fragility temperature, ° С -18-21 -fifteen -25 Heat resistance (for the composition deposited on the basis of fiberglass), ° C 75-80 70 85 Flexibility on a beam with a radius of 25 mm at a temperature, ° C -8--12 0 -fifteen Flash point, ° С 235 230 240

A comparison of the performance of roofing materials using the proposed composition with the performance of bitumen roofing materials and bitumen-polymer roofing materials was carried out according to indicators corresponding to GOST 30547-97.

As follows from table 2, indicators of rolled roofing material made according to the proposed technology using waste bitumen roofing materials have better characteristics than bitumen roofing materials according to GOST 30547-97 and very close and comparable indicators with bitumen-polymer roofing materials according to GOST 30547 -97 made from new marketable materials. And the cost of a bitumen-polymer material using the proposed composition is 40-50% cheaper than the cost of a bitumen-polymer material made from new commodity materials.

Table 3 shows an approximate composition composition used to obtain a bitumen-polymer roofing hot mastic (Example 1), table 4 shows its component composition, and table 5 shows the results of studies of the obtained composition for its compliance with the requirements of GOST 2889-80.

The composition used the maximum value of the crushed waste bitumen-roofing materials on a glass base and the maximum allowable amount of plasticizer, the minimum value of the amount of modifier and waste paper. This composition composition provides its necessary fluidity and ductility, i.e. those properties that are necessary for applying the mastic to the surface with an even layer of the required thickness.

In the method for producing roofing compositions (Example 1), the optimum temperature exposure was used: 170 ° C, the exposure time is 10 hours.

Table 3 Component The composition, wt.% Composition, wt.% Example 1 one 2 3 Waste oil products (oils of the MMO group GOST 21046-86) 3-16 16 Waste thermoplastic polymers (polyethylene film GOST 10354-82) 1-5 one Waste paper one 2 Shredded wastes of bitumen-roofing materials on a glass base (GOST 15879-70 glass-roofing material) 1-20 twenty Shredded roofing waste of bitumen-roofing materials roofing material RPP-300 Rest Rest

Table 4 illustrates the component composition of the compositions shown in table 3, taking into account the content of components in the waste.

Table 4 Component The composition, wt.% Composition, wt.%
Example 1 one 2 3 Plasticizer (waste oils of the MMO group GOST 21046-86) 3-16 16 Modifier (polyethylene waste, polyethylene film GOST 10354-82) 1-5 one Fibrous filler from cellulose fibers (from ruberoid cardboard obtained from recycled ruberoid RPP-300 and waste paper) 27.15-33.9 22.7 Glass fiber fibrous filler (from waste glass fiber GOST 15879-70) 0.07-1.4 1.4 Powdered mineral filler (from processed RPP-300 roofing material and GOST 15879-70 glass-roofing material) 4.34-5.71 5.12 Bitumen (from processed RPP-300 roofing material and GOST 15879-70 glass-roofing material) Rest Rest

Example 1

For the manufacture of 1000 kg (100%) of the composition, 160 kg (16%) of spent petroleum products are loaded: oils of the MMO group (GOST 21046-86) and heated to 60 ° C for 0.5 hours. The shredded bitumen smelter UBP2 is loaded in portions until melted waste of bitumen-roofing materials on a glass base: GOST 15879-70 glass-roofing material in an amount of 200 kg (20%), they are heated until the bitumen melts. Download portioned crushed roofing waste: roofing material RPP-300 GOST 10923-93 in the amount of 620 kg, and mixed for 2 minutes every 8 minutes until the bitumen melts. Load 10 kg (1%) of crushed waste paper. The mixture is stirred and heated to 85 ° C for 8 hours. Dehydration is carried out at a temperature of 100 ° C for 2 hours with periodic stirring; the mixture is aged at a temperature of 170 ° C for 10 hours.

Download 10 kg (1%) of waste thermoplastic polymers: polyethylene film GOST 10354-82, mix, heat up to 170 ° C for 1.0 h until the polymers are completely dissolved, then grind the mineral grains and disperse for 2.0 h achieve the necessary uniformity of the mixture.

Get the bitumen composition in the following ratio

components, wt.%:

Spent Oil Products 16,0 Thermoplastic polymer waste 1,0 Waste paper 1,0 Ground waste of bitumen-roofing glass-based materials 20,0 Ground ruberoid waste bituminous roofing materials Rest

The preparation of the composition was performed at optimal temperature values and the exposure time shown in table 9.

The resulting composition contains the maximum allowable amount of plasticizer and a minimum amount of modifier with a maximum amount of bitumen.

The resulting composition has increased heat resistance, as a modifier is used, high fluidity and ductility, high ignition temperature.

Table 5 The main indicator (according to GOST 30547-97) The value of example 1 Index for bituminous roofing hot mastic MBK-G-75 GOST 2889-80 Fragility temperature, ° С -eighteen -5 Heat resistance (for the composition deposited on the basis of fiberglass), ° C 75 75 Flexibility at, ° С -8 +18 Flash point, ° С 235 240

From table 5 it follows that the composition in example 1 by its consumer characteristics exceeds the requirements of GOST bitumen hot mastics and approaches the requirements of GOST for bitumen-polymer mastics.

Table 6 (examples 2-6) shows approximate compositions of the compositions used to produce rolled roofing materials, table 7 shows their component compositions, and table 8 shows the results of studies of the obtained rolled roofing materials for their compliance with the requirements of GOST 30547-97.

Table 6 Component The composition, wt.% The composition according to examples, wt.% 2 3 four 5 6 Waste oil products (oils of the MMO group GOST 21046-86) 3-16 3 10 16 twenty one Waste thermoplastic polymers (polyethylene film GOST 10354-82) 1-5 5 3 one 0 7 Waste paper 1-10 5 5 5 5 5 Shredded wastes of bitumen-roofing materials on a glass base (GOST 15879-70 glass-roofing material) 1-20 10 10 10 10 10 Shredded roofing waste of bitumen-roofing materials (roofing material RPP-300) Rest Rest Rest Rest Rest Rest

Table 7 illustrates the component composition of the compositions shown in table 6, taking into account the content of components in the waste.

In the compositions used the average value of the amount of waste paper and crushed waste bitumen-roofing materials on a glass base. The ground waste of bitumen-roofing materials on a glass base is used as follows: with the maximum amount of waste of bitumen-roofing materials on a glass base, the maximum amount of waste paper is used, since the waste of bitumen-roofing materials on a glass base does not contain cardboard, and, conversely, with a minimum amount waste of bitumen-roofing materials on a glass base, a minimum amount of waste paper is used. In the method of obtaining all roofing compositions, the optimum temperature exposure was used: 170 ° C, the exposure time is 10 hours

Example 2

For the manufacture of 1000 kg (100%) of the composition, 30 kg (3%) of spent petroleum products are loaded: MMO group oils (GOST 21046-86) and heated to 60 ° C for 0.5 hours. The first portion of ground waste is loaded into the UBP2 bitumen smelter bitumen-roofing materials on a glass base: GOST 15879-70 glassruberoid, TU 5774-001-41644330-98 steklohydroizol in the amount of 100 kg (10%), they are heated until the bitumen melts. Chopped ruberoid waste is loaded: ruberoid RPP-300, ruberoid RPE-300 GOST 10923-93 in the amount of 770 kg, and mixed for 2 minutes every 8 minutes until the bitumen melts. Download 50 kg (5%) of shredded waste paper. The mixture is stirred and heated to 85 ° C for 8 hours. Dehydration is carried out at a temperature of 100 ° C for 2 hours with periodic stirring; the mixture is aged at a temperature of 170 ° C for 10 hours.

Download 50 kg (5%) of thermoplastic polymer waste: GOST 10354-82 polyethylene film, GOST 25951-83 polyethylene shrink film, mix, heat up to 170 ° C for 1.0 h until the polymers are completely dissolved, then grind the mineral grains and dispersion for 2.0 hours to achieve the required uniformity of the mixture.

Get a bitumen composition in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Spent Oil Products 3.0 Thermoplastic polymer waste 5,0 Waste paper 5,0 Ground waste of bitumen-roofing glass-based materials 10.0 Ground ruberoid waste bituminous roofing materials Rest

The preparation of the composition was performed at optimal temperature values and the exposure time shown in table 9.

The resulting composition contains the minimum allowable amount of plasticizer and the maximum amount of modifier at a nominal amount of bitumen.

The resulting composition has high heat resistance, since a high modifier content and a small amount of plasticizer are used. The indicators for temperature, brittleness and flexibility correspond to GOST 30547-97 for bitumen roofing materials.

Example 3

For the manufacture of 1000 kg (100%) of the composition, 100 kg (10%) of spent petroleum products are used: oils of the MMO group GOST 21046-86, crushed waste of bituminous roofing materials with a glass base: GOST 15879-70 glass roofing material, TU 5774-001-41644330-98 glass hydroisol amount of 100 kg (10%); 720 kg of ground waste of bituminous roofing roofing materials: RPP-300 roofing material, RPE-300 roofing material GOST 10923-93; 50 kg (5%) of shredded waste paper, 30 kg (3%) of thermoplastic polymer waste: polyethylene film GOST 10354-82, heat-shrink polyethylene film GOST 25951-83.

Get a bitumen composition in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Spent Oil Products 10.0 Thermoplastic polymer waste 3.0 Waste paper 1,0 Shredded bitumen waste glass-based roofing materials 10.0 Ground ruberoid waste bituminous roofing materials Rest

The preparation of the composition was performed at optimal temperature values and the duration of exposure according to those specified in example 2.

The resulting composition contains the amount of plasticizer and modifier in the range set for the composition at a nominal amount of bitumen.

The resulting composition has indicators of heat resistance, fragility and flexibility, which correspond to GOST 30547-97 for bitumen roofing materials.

Example 4

For the manufacture of 1000 kg (100%) of the composition, 160 kg (16%) of spent petroleum products are used: oils of the MMO group GOST 21046-86, crushed waste of bituminous roofing materials with a glass base: GOST 15879-70 glass-roofing material, TU 5774-001-41644330-98 glass-hydroisol in the amount of 100 kg (10%); 580 kg of ground waste of bituminous roofing roofing materials: RPP-300 roofing material, RPE-300 roofing material GOST 10923-93; 50 kg (5%) of shredded waste paper, 10 kg (1%) of waste thermoplastic polymers: polyethylene film GOST 10354-82, polyethylene shrink film GOST 25951-83.

Get a bitumen composition in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Spent Oil Products 16,0 Thermoplastic polymer waste 1,0 Waste paper 5,0 Shredded bitumen waste glass-based roofing materials 10.0 Ground ruberoid waste bituminous roofing materials Rest

The preparation of the composition was performed at optimal temperature values and the duration of exposure according to those specified in example 2.

The resulting composition contains the maximum allowable amount of plasticizer and a minimum amount of modifier at a nominal amount of bitumen.

The resulting composition has lower heat resistance, since the maximum plasticizer content of 16% was used, but it has better fragility and flexibility, since the minimum modifier content of 1% was used and a high plasticizer content was used. The indicator of heat resistance, which corresponds to GOST 30547-97 for bitumen roofing materials.

Example 5

The composition of the composition is selected according to example 5 in table 6. The method was carried out similarly to that described in example 1. Used 20% of petroleum products: oils of the group MMO GOST 21046-86 - more than the maximum amount, and polymers are not used: polyethylene film GOST 10354-82, polyethylene film thermoshrinkable GOST 25951-83.

The preparation of the composition was performed at optimal temperature values and the duration of exposure according to those specified in example 2.

The resulting composition contains 20% plasticizer (exceeds the maximum amount by 4%) and has low heat resistance (65 ° C), which is undesirable for the consumer qualities of the composition and does not meet the requirements of GOST 30547-97 for bituminous roofing materials.

Example 6

The composition is selected according to example 6 in table 6. 1% of petroleum products are used: oils of the MMO group GOST 21046-86 are less than the minimum amount and polymers are used: polyethylene film GOST 10354-82, heat-shrink polyethylene film GOST 25951-83 in the amount of 7% - more than the maximum established number of them.

The preparation of the composition is performed at optimal temperature values and the duration of exposure according to those specified in example 1.

The resulting composition contains 7% modifier, has high heat resistance (85 ° C). The composition contains 1% plasticizer and has

low ductility, but acceptable by GOST, and in terms of fragility does not meet the requirements of GOST 30547-97 for bituminous roofing materials, has low consumer quality.

Table 8 The main indicator (according to GOST 30547-97) Example Value 2 3 four 5 6 Fragility temperature, ° С -eighteen -19 -21 -23 -fourteen Heat resistance (for the composition deposited on the basis of fiberglass), ° C 80 80 75 65 85 Flexibility at, ° С -8 -10 -12 -fifteen -5 Flash point, ° С 235 235 232 230 235

From table 8 it follows that the compositions in examples 5 and 6, containing a quantitative composition of the components that go beyond the stated range, according to their consumer characteristics do not meet the requirements of GOST for bitumen and bitumen-polymer materials. Compositions in examples 2, 3 and 4, containing the quantitative composition of the components in the claimed range, in comparison with the prototype have less fluidity, which makes it possible to use them as coating mixtures for rolled roofing materials, which in their consumer characteristics meet the requirements of GOST for bitumen materials exceed them and approach the characteristics of bitumen-polymer materials

Table 9 presents the results of studies of the homogeneity of the composition depending on the modes of its preparation.

Example 7

The composition is prepared in the same manner as described in example 2, reducing the duration of the saturation and delamination of crushed cardboard with the same heating and stirring for 7 hours (less by 3 hours than in example 2). Get a composition similar to that described in example 2, but the composition at the same time has a heterogeneous structure, which contains pieces of cardboard not stratified into fiber. In the manufacture of material from such a composition, the surface of the material is rough and bumpy, which does not meet the requirements of GOST.

Example 8

The composition is prepared similarly to the described method in example 2, increasing the exposure time (the process of saturation and delamination of pieces of cardboard) with a similar heating of 170 ° C and stirring for 15 hours (5 hours more than in example 2). Get a composition similar to that described in example 2, while the composition has a homogeneous fine structure of even better quality. However, lengthening the process leads to additional energy costs for heating and increases the duration of the process, which is not economically feasible.

Example 9

The composition is prepared in the same manner as described in example 2, reducing the holding temperature (150 ° C). Get a composition similar to that described in example 2, but the composition at the same time has a heterogeneous structure, which contains pieces of cardboard not stratified into fiber. In the manufacture of material from such a composition, the surface of the material is rough and bumpy, which does not meet the requirements of GOST.

Example 10

The composition is prepared in the same manner as described in example 2, increasing the holding temperature (180 ° C). Get a composition similar to that described in example 2, while the composition has a homogeneous fine structure. However, an increase in temperature leads to additional energy costs for heating, which is not economically feasible.

The data presented in table 9 indicate that the optimal mode for obtaining a roofing composition that meets the regulatory requirements is the mode used in example 1. In examples 8, 10, a composition with good uniformity indicators is obtained, but there are additional energy costs for heating and the duration of the process increases, which is not economically feasible. In examples 7, 9, the regulatory requirements for the uniformity of the composition were not achieved.

The tests showed that the composition obtained in example 1, consistent with the stated indicators, exceeded the requirements of GOST 2889-80 for bituminous roofing hot mastic and exceeded the mastic prototype in uniformity and dispersion of the composition. This composition has improved heat resistance, high flash point, as well as cheaper compared to the composition of the prototype using solvents (see calculation below).

The tests showed that the compositions obtained in examples 2, 3, 4 also corresponded to the stated indicators and meet the requirements of GOST 30547-97 for bitumen and for bitumen-polymer roofing roll materials for heat resistance, flexibility, ductility and flash point, and also correspond requirements for uniformity and dispersion of the composition. These indicators make it possible to obtain rolled material.

The resulting compositions are significantly cheaper compared to the composition of the prototype using solvents due to the high cost of the solvent.

Mastic on a solvent contains 30% solvent, the cost of which is 41,000 rubles per ton. The cost of waste processing is 25% of the new commercial bitumen, the cost of which is 10,000 rubles per ton. Given the above, the cost of mastic on a solvent from waste will be:

41000 × 0.3 + 10000 × 0.7 × 0.25 = 13350 rubles per ton.

The cost of the coating mixture, taking into account the cost of electricity for smelting in the amount of 15% of the cost of processing waste will be:

10000 × 0.25 + 10000 × 0.25 × 0.15 = 2875 rubles per ton.

Thus, the proposed roofing material is 4.5 times cheaper than the roofing material of the prototype.

Claims (2)

1. Composition for the production of roofing materials, including crushed waste bitumen roofing materials ruberoid and additives, characterized in that as an additional source of bitumen and mineral and fibrous fillers enter the crushed waste bitumen roofing materials on a glass base, as a plasticizer - spent petroleum products, as modifier - waste thermoplastic polymers, as a filler - waste paper, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
shredded waste bitumen roofing glass-based materials 1-20,0 waste oil products 3.0-16.0 waste thermoplastic polymers 1.0-5.0 waste paper 1-10,0 shredded waste bitumen roofing ruberoid materials rest 2. A method of obtaining a composition for roofing materials, comprising mixing the components of the composition according to claim 1 and heating with periodic stirring, characterized in that the waste oil is first poured into the mixer, heated and portioned waste bitumen roofing materials are portioned, heating and soaking each portion until the bitumen melts, then crushed waste paper is introduced, the mixture is dehydrated and held at a temperature of 160-180 ° C for 9-11 hours, then the thermoplastic waste is loaded polymers and after their melting, the mixture is fed to the mill for grinding mineral additives, and then the mixture is dispersed.

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