RU2404332C1 - Block with adiabatic gap - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: block with adiabatic gap includes the first gap for the mortar arranged on the upper side of the block along it between the upper edges; the second gap for the mortar arranged at least at one vertical lateral side of the block along it. The gap for the mortar and pin arranged in the second gap for the mortar, which starts from the upper corner edge of the second gap for the mortar and is extended towards the lower edge of the second gap for the mortar, and which is arranged so that it is possible to insert a spray tube of a polyurethane gun in it. The gap for the pin body arranged at the section near the crossing of the first gap for the mortar and the gap for the mortar and the pin, which is intended to locate the body of the connection pin inserted into the gap for the mortar and pin.

EFFECT: reduced prime cost of construction.

5 cl, 11 dwg

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a block with an adiabatic gap, in particular to a block with an adiabatic gap having an improved design, the masonry of which is easy enough, and during the construction of the wall there are no cracks between the blocks.

State of the art

There are many technologies for building walls in the field of construction. Among them, in the construction technology of masonry, the blocks are laid in pairs using cement mortar, and an adiabatic material is built in between the blocks, after which one or both sides of the erected wall are plastered.

However, when using the above-described masonry technology in the construction of the wall, the work of laying the blocks is quite difficult for the average worker (i.e. not for an experienced bricklayer). Even in the case when the masonry is performed by an experienced bricklayer, nevertheless, a sufficiently large number of cracks form between the blocks, also when adiabatic material is embedded in the middle of the wall between the blocks, yet the insulation, soundproofing and water resistance of the erected wall are not perfect enough. Thus, despite the higher requirements of government standards for the use of adiabatic materials, there is a problem that the insulation properties of buildings are not high enough, which requires higher costs for air conditioning and heat supply.

Disclosure of invention

Technical problem

The present invention proposes a block with an adiabatic gap, which is relatively simple to fit so that the worker can produce masonry quite conveniently, while ensuring high insulation, soundproofing and water resistance properties of the erected wall.

The present invention also provides such a unit with an adiabatic gap, which eliminates subsequent operations such as plastering the walls from the inside or the external decoration of the erected wall, while both the cost of the erected wall and the cost of construction can be significantly reduced.

Technical solution

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adiabatic gap unit including a first mortise groove (11, 21 or 31) formed on the upper side of the block along it between the upper edges, a second mortise groove (12, 22 or 32), made at least one vertical side of the block along it, a groove for mortar and studs (13, 23 or 33) made in each of the second grooves for the solution (12, 22 or 32), which starts from the upper corner edge of the second groove for solution (12, 22 or 32) and extended to the bottom to I have a second groove for the solution (12, 22 or 32), and which is made with the possibility of introducing into it a spray tube (G1) of a polyurethane gun (G), and a groove for the hairpin body (14, 24 or 34) made at the intersection the first groove for the solution (11, 21 or 31) and the groove for the solution and the stud (13, 23 or 33), and which is designed to accommodate the body (P2) of the connecting stud (P) inserted into the groove for the solution and the stud (13, 23 or 33).

The sides of the first groove for the solution (11, 21 or 31) and the second groove for the solution (12, 22 or 32) can be made in the form of pairs of inclined surfaces (11a and 12a, 21a and 22a or 31a and 32a), respectively, so that the first groove for the solution (11, 21 or 31) and the second groove for the solution (12, 22 or 32) had a cross section in the form of an inverted trapezoid.

A recess (25 or 35) can be formed on the front side of the block, and it is located lower than the depth of the first groove for the solution (21 or 31) in the direction of this depth. At the same time, at least one stiffener (25a or 35a) can be made in the recess (25 or 35) to increase the strength of the block.

The block may include an angular groove (36) made on the rear side of the block along its corners so as to form lines of strips (L) in the horizontal and vertical directions when erecting a wall by laying blocks.

Brief Description of the Drawings

1 is a perspective view of an adiabatic gap unit in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of the block with an adiabatic gap of figure 1 in the direction of arrow A.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a block with an adiabatic gap in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a side view of the block with an adiabatic gap of figure 3 in the direction of arrow B.

Figure 5 illustrates the recesses formed on the front and rear sides of the block with an adiabatic gap from figure 3.

FIG. 6 illustrates stiffeners formed in recesses in the case where the block with an adiabatic gap of FIG. 3 is made with relatively large dimensions.

7 is a perspective view of a block with an adiabatic gap in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the block with an adiabatic gap of Fig. 7 in the direction of arrow C.

Fig.9 illustrates the stiffeners formed in the recesses in the case when the block with the adiabatic gap of Fig.7 is performed with a relatively large size.

Figure 10 illustrates the body of the wall being constructed using blocks with an adiabatic gap, shown in figures 1-9.

11 illustrates the operation according to which the polyurethane is poured from the spray tube of the polyurethane gun into the grooves for the mortar and fills the second groove for the mortar and the groove for the mortar and the stud when erecting the wall body of FIG. 10.

The best embodiment of the invention

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented.

The adiabatic gap block of the present invention is illustrated by three embodiments, and each of these embodiments is referred to as a first block with an adiabatic gap 10, a second block with an adiabatic gap 20, and a third block with an adiabatic gap 30, respectively.

1 is a perspective view of an adiabatic gap unit in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 shows a side view of the block of figure 1 in the direction of arrow A.

As shown in FIG. 1, the adiabatic gap unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the first adiabatic gap unit 10) includes a first mortise groove 11 formed along the upper side of the block between its upper edges, a second mortise groove 12, made on at least one vertical side of the block along it, a groove for the solution and a stud 13, starting from the upper corner edge of the second groove for the solution 12 and going to the lower edge of the second groove for the solution 12, and a groove for the body of the stud 14, which is made at the top at the intersection of the first groove for the solution 11 and the groove for the solution and the stud 13 and is designed to accommodate the body P2 (see Fig. 10) of the connecting stud P inserted in the groove for the solution and the stud 13.

The first and second slots for mortar 11 and 12 are filled with aqueous cement mortar, or polyurethane is introduced into them.

The first groove for the solution 11 and the second groove for the solution 12 may have a cross section in the form of an inverted trapezoid. In this regard, inclined surfaces 11a and 12a are formed on two sides of the first and second grooves for the solution 11 and 12, respectively, as shown in FIG. The inclined surfaces 11a and 12a are formed so that during the manufacture of the first block with an adiabatic gap 10 from the cement mortar by molding, the destruction of both internal corners of the first and second grooves for mortar 11 and 12 can be prevented.

Either of the two ends P1 or P3 of the U-shaped connecting pin P is inserted into the groove for the mortar and the stud 13, and then the cement mortar or polyurethane is poured into the groove for the mortar and the stud 13. The groove for the mortar and the stud 13 is extended towards the lower edge of the second the groove for the solution 12, and its side section is made deeper than that of the second groove for the solution 12. In this case, the length of the groove for the solution and the stud 13 varies according to the dimensions of the first block 10. For example, when the dimensions of the first block 10 are relatively small, when the length of the second groove for the solution 12 is about 100 mm, the length of the groove for the solution and the stud 13 is about 50 mm, and when the dimensions of the first block 10 are relatively large, and when the length of the second groove for the solution 12 is about 200 mm, the length the groove for the solution and the stud 13 is about 150-170 mm. In other words, the length of the groove for the solution and the stud 13 reaches such a position that when the dimensions of the first block 10 increase with the length of the second groove for the solution 12, the end of the groove for the solution and the stud 13 is brought closer to the lower edge of the second groove for the solution 12.

An adiabatic gap unit in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention will now be described.

Figure 3 shows a perspective view of an adiabatic gap unit in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; figure 4 shows a side view of the block of figure 3 in the direction of arrow B; figure 5 illustrates the recesses formed on the front and rear sides of the block of figure 3; and FIG. 6 illustrates stiffeners formed in recesses when the block of FIG. 3 is made with relatively large dimensions.

As shown in FIG. 3, the adiabatic gap unit according to another embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the second adiabatic gap unit 20) includes a first mortise groove 21 made along the upper side of the block between its upper edges, a second mortise groove 22, made at least one vertical side of the block along it, a groove for mortar and studs 23, starting from the upper corner edge of the second groove for mortar 22 and going to the lower edge of the second groove for mortar 22, and a groove for the body of the stud 24, which is made at the top at the intersection of the first groove for the solution 21 and the groove for the mortar and the stud 23 and is designed to accommodate the body P2 (see FIG. 10) of the connecting stud P inserted into the groove for the mortar and the stud 23.

In this example, as shown in FIG. 4, there is a recess 25 formed on the front side of the second block with an adiabatic gap 20, the depth of which is deeper than the depth of the first groove for the solution 21. It should be noted that a recess 25 'can also be formed, that is, recesses are formed on both the front and rear sides of the second block 20, as shown in FIG.

The first and second slots for mortar 21 and 22 are filled with aqueous cement mortar or polyurethane is introduced into them.

The first groove for the solution 21 and the second groove for the solution 22 may have a cross section in the form of an inverted trapezoid. In this regard, inclined surfaces 21a and 22a are formed on two sides of the first and second grooves for the solution 21 and 22, respectively, as shown in FIG. 4. The inclined surfaces 21a and 22a are formed so that when the second block 20 is made of cement mortar by molding, the destruction of both internal corners of the first and second grooves for mortar 21 and 22 can be prevented.

Either of the two ends P1 or P3 of the U-shaped connecting pin P is inserted into the groove for the mortar and the stud 23, and then the cement mortar or polyurethane is poured into the groove for the mortar and the stud 23. The groove for the mortar and the stud 23 is extended towards the lower edge of the second the groove for the solution 22, and its side portion is deeper than the second groove for the solution 22. Moreover, the length of the groove for the solution and the stud 23 varies according to the dimensions of the second block 20. For example, when the dimensions of the second block 20 are relatively small, when the length of the second groove for the solution 22 is about 100 mm, the length of the groove for the solution and the stud 23 is about 50 mm, and when the dimensions of the second block 20 are relatively large, and when the length of the second groove for the solution 22 is about 200 mm, the length the groove for the mortar and the stud 23 is about 150-170 mm. In other words, the length of the groove for the solution and the stud 23 reaches such a position that when the dimensions of the second block 20 increase with the length of the second groove for the solution 22, the end of the groove for the solution and the stud 23 is brought closer to the lower edge of the second groove for the solution 22.

The recesses 25 and 25 'are made so that they are located on the front and / or rear surfaces of the second block 20 lower than the depth of the first groove for the solution 21 in the direction of this depth. Due to the presence of recesses 25 and 25 ', during the construction of the wall body by laying the second blocks 20, layers are formed in the middle of the wall body, while the insulation and soundproofing efficiency is improved, and losses from thermal conductivity are minimized. Part of the front side of the second block 20, on which the recess 25 is formed, is closed by the adiabatic material A.

On the other hand, the second block 20 can be manufactured with relatively large sizes. In this case, the internal volume of the recess 25 of the second block 20 increases, i.e. the strength of the second block 20 to counteract the external shock load should be increased. In this regard, as shown in Fig.6, at least one stiffener 25a is formed in the recess 25 along the length of the recess 25.

An adiabatic gap unit according to another embodiment of the present invention will now be described.

7 shows a perspective view of a block with an adiabatic gap in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; on Fig shows a side view of the block with an adiabatic gap of Fig.7 in the direction of arrow C; and FIG. 9 illustrates stiffeners formed in recesses when the block with the adiabatic gap of FIG. 7 is made with relatively large dimensions.

As shown in Fig. 7, the adiabatic gap unit according to another embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the third adiabatic gap unit 30) includes a first mortise groove 31 made along along the upper side of the block between its upper edges, a second mortise groove 32, made on at least one vertical side of the block along it, a groove for mortar and studs 33, starting from the upper corner edge of the second groove for mortar 32 and going to the lower edge of the second groove for mortar 32, a groove for the body of the stud 34, which is made at the top at the intersection of the first groove for the solution 31 and the groove for the mortar and the stud 33 and is designed to accommodate the body P2 (see FIG. 10) of the connecting stud P inserted into the groove for the mortar and the stud 33 and a recess 35 formed on the front and / or side of the third block with an adiabatic gap 30, the depth of which is deeper than the depth of the first groove for the solution 31. In this example, an angular groove 36 is made on the rear side of the third block 30 along its angles so to form whether L stripes in the horizontal and vertical directions when erecting a wall by laying blocks.

The first and second slots for mortar 31 and 32 are filled with aqueous cement mortar or polyurethane is introduced into them.

The first groove for the solution 31 and the second groove for the solution 32 may have a cross section in the form of an inverted trapezoid. In this regard, the inclined surfaces 31a and 32a are formed on two sides of the first and second grooves for the solution 31 and 32, respectively, as shown in Fig. 8. The inclined surfaces 31a and 32a are formed so that when the third block 30 is made of cement mortar by molding, collapse of both inner corners of the first and second mortise slots 31 and 32 can be prevented.

Either of the two ends P1 or P3 of the U-shaped connecting pin P is inserted into the groove for mortar and stud 33, and then cement mortar or polyurethane is poured into the groove for mortar and stud 33. The groove for mortar and stud 33 is extended towards the lower edge of the second the groove for the solution 32, and its side section is made deeper than that of the second groove for the solution 32. In this case, the length of the groove for the solution and the stud 33 varies according to the dimensions of the third block 30. For example, when the dimensions of the third block 30 are relatively small and when the length of the second groove for the solution 32 is about 100 mm, the length of the groove for the solution and the stud 33 is about 50 mm, and when the dimensions of the third block 30 are relatively large, and when the length of the second groove for the solution 32 is about 200 mm, the length of the groove for the mortar and the stud 33 is about 150-170 mm In other words, the length of the groove for the mortar and the stud 33 reaches such a position that when the dimensions of the third block 30 increase with the length of the second groove for the mortar 32, the end of the groove for the mortar and the stud 33 is brought closer to the lower edge of the second groove for the mortar 32.

Due to the presence of a recess 35, during the erection of the wall body by laying the third blocks 30, hollow layers are formed in the middle of the wall body, while the insulation and soundproofing efficiency is improved, and losses from thermal conductivity are minimized. The portion of the front side of the second block 30 on which the recess 35 is formed is covered by the adiabatic material A.

The decorative lines of the stripes L, extending in the horizontal and vertical directions, are formed using an angular groove 36 when erecting a wall body using a plurality of third blocks 30.

On the other hand, the third block 30 can be manufactured with relatively large sizes. In this case, the internal volume of the recess 35 of the third block 30 increases, i.e. the strength of the third block 30 to counteract the external shock load should be increased. In this regard, as shown in Fig.9, at least one stiffener 35a is formed in the recess 35 along the length of the recess 35.

Now will be described a method of constructing a wall using the first, second and third blocks with an adiabatic gap of 10, 20 and 30.

Figure 10 illustrates the body of the wall being constructed using the adiabatic gap blocks shown in Figs. 1-9, and Fig. 11 illustrates the operation whereby the polyurethane is sprayed from the spray tube of a polyurethane gun into the grooves for the mortar and fills the second groove for the mortar and a groove for the mortar and the stud when erecting the body of the wall shown in FIG. 10.

When erecting a wall body using the first, second and third blocks with an adiabatic gap of the present invention, a material such as cement mortar or polyurethane (U) can be used. In this case, the cement slurry can be scooped up using a trowel tool, and polyurethane (U) is injected using the spray tube G1 of the well-known polyurethane gun G.

To build a wall body using the first, second and third blocks with an adiabatic gap, first part of the first blocks 10 are laid at the corners on the inner side of the wall body, and then the third blocks 30 are laid on the outside of the wall body in a row so that the recess 35 is directed into the direction in which the adiabatic material will be placed, and then the second groove for mortar 32 and the third groove for mortar and studs are filled with cement mortar or polyurethane (U) is introduced into them, due to which, in one operation laying of the third blocks 30.

After that, the first slots for mortar 31, running along the upper side of the third blocks between their upper edges, are filled with cement mortar or polyurethane (U) is introduced into them, which is done in one operation.

Next, the third blocks 30 are sequentially stacked using the above single-step method so that these blocks are stacked along the height of the pre-cut adiabatic sheet material.

Of course, the thickness of the pre-cut adiabatic sheet material A must correspond to the size of the further inserted U-shaped connecting pin R.

When the blocks of the outer side of the wall body are laid out to the height of the adiabatic material A, the adiabatic material A is placed in one line behind them, and the second blocks 20 are laid on the inside of the wall body. In this case, the recess 25 of the second block 20 is directed towards the adiabatic material A, and the subsequent masonry processes are performed similar to the masonry of the outer side of the wall.

When the outer side of the wall body is laid out to the height of the adiabatic material A, both ends P1 and P3 of the U-shaped connecting pin P are inserted into the corresponding mortise slots and the studs 23 and 33 of the upper blocks 20 and 30, laid out on the outer and inner sides of the wall body, that the adiabatic material A and the second and third blocks 20 and 30, laid out on both sides of the adiabatic material A, form a common body of the wall.

Here, the part of the wall body constructed using the second blocks 20 forms the interior of the building, and the part of the wall body constructed using the third blocks 30 forms the appearance of the building.

In addition, cement mortar or polyurethane used as a filler, inserted into mortar slots and mortar and hairpin grooves, is then cured for a certain time so that a second block 20 ', different from the initial second block 20, and the third block 30 are formed ', different from the initial third block 30, representing one common body.

Here, when laying blocks in one line, it is not necessary to first apply cement mortar or polyurethane (U) to the side surfaces of the blocks, as is done using the usual masonry method. This is due to the formation of grooves for the mortar and studs 13, 23 and 33 in the vertical direction. This means that the cement mortar flows into the cavity of the mortise grooves and studs 13, 23 and 33, where this cavity is formed between the blocks, and does not leak out, while the work of filling the first mortar grooves for mortar 11, 21 and 31 made by cement on the upper sides of the blocks along them between the upper edges, as well as the second grooves for the solution 12, 22 and 32 together with the grooves for the solution and the studs 13, 23 and 33 can be performed simultaneously.

Accordingly, even if the installation is performed using polyurethane (U), the spray tube G1 of the polyurethane gun G is easily inserted into the mortise grooves and studs 13, 23 and 33, while the blocks are laid in line without the need for preliminary application of polyurethane (U) on their side surfaces then polyurethane (U) is inserted into each groove for the solution and the studs 13, 23 and 33.

Next, the polyurethane (U), introduced using the spray tube G1 of the polyurethane gun G, inserted into the grooves for the solution and the studs 13, 23 and 33, expands and fills the grooves, reaching the lower end of the second groove for the solution 12, 22 and 32, and, expanding, it fills the grooves for the solution and the studs 13, 23 and 33, after which it cures, and a second block 20 ', different from the initial second block 20, and a third block 30', different from the initial third block 30, are formed, which are one common body.

Thus, when the blocks are laid in one line, there is no need to pre-apply the cement mortar on the side surfaces of each of the blocks, as is done using the usual masonry method, so the above operation is simple, quick and allows you to significantly increase the speed of the wall.

When the wall is erected using the above method, due to the presence of the angular grooves 36 made on the third block 30, the decorative lines of the strips (L) in the horizontal and vertical directions are naturally formed on the surface when the third blocks 30 are laid on the outside of the wall.

Despite the fact that the present invention has been demonstrated by private examples of its implementation, a specialist in this field of technology should be clear that various changes or detailed elaboration can be carried out without departing from the spirit and scope of legal protection defined by the attached claims.

Industrial applicability

As described above, the adiabatic gap block of the present invention includes a first mortise groove formed on the upper side of the block along it between the upper edges; a second mortise groove made on at least one vertical side of the block along it; a groove for mortar and studs made in each of the second grooves for the mortar, which starts from the upper corner edge of the second groove for the mortar and extends to the lower edge of the second groove for the mortar, and which is configured to insert a spray tube of a polyurethane gun into it; and a groove for the body of the stud, made at the site at the intersection of the first groove for the solution and the groove for the mortar and the stud, and which is designed to accommodate the body of the connecting stud, inserted into the groove for the solution and the stud. Thus, when laying blocks, such laying is relatively easy so that an ordinary worker (who is not a qualified bricklayer) can masonry quite simply and conveniently, while spaces are formed in the middle of the wall body, thereby minimizing heat loss and high properties insulation, soundproofing and water resistance of the erected wall, and the thickness of the body of the wall can be reduced.

Further, subsequent operations such as plastering the inner surface of the wall or finishing the outer surface of the erected wall may not be performed, due to which costs are significantly reduced and the construction period is reduced.

Claims (5)

1. A block with an adiabatic gap, comprising: a first groove for the solution (11, 21 or 31), made on the upper side of the block along it between the upper edges; a second mortise groove (12, 22 or 32) made on at least one vertical side of the block along it; a groove for mortar and hairpin (13, 23 or 33) made in the second groove for mortar (12, 22 or 32), which starts from the upper corner edge of the second groove for mortar (12, 22 or 32) and extends to the lower edge of the second a groove for the solution (12, 22 or 32), and which is configured to introduce a spray tube (G1) of a polyurethane gun (G); and a groove for the hairpin body (14, 24 or 34) made at the site at the intersection of the first groove for the solution (11, 21 or 31) and the groove for the solution and the hairpin (13, 23 or 33), which is designed to accommodate the body (P2 ) a connecting stud (P) inserted into the groove for the mortar and the stud (13, 23 or 33). 2. The block according to claim 1, characterized in that the sides of the first groove for the solution (11, 21 or 31) and the second groove for the solution (12, 22 or 32) are made in the form of pairs of inclined surfaces (11a and 12a, 21a and 22a or 31a and 32a), respectively, so that the first groove for the solution (11, 21 or 31) and the second groove for the solution (12, 22 or 32) have a cross section in the form of an inverted trapezoid. 3. The block according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it includes a recess (25 or 35) formed on the front side of the block and located lower than the depth of the first groove for the solution (21 or 31) in the direction of this depth. 4. The block according to claim 3, characterized in that it includes at least one stiffener (25a or 35a) made in the recess (25 or 35) to increase the strength of the block. 5. The block according to claim 3, characterized in that it includes an angular groove (36) made on the rear side of the block along its angles so as to form lines of stripes (L) in the horizontal and vertical directions when erecting a wall by laying blocks.

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