RU2404150C2 - Method of preparing humus fertiliser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: peat is mixed with a potassium or sodium hydroxide solution with concentration of 3.5-4.5 g/l in weight ratio of 1:2.5-1:10. The obtained mixture is stirred for 2-3 hours at 70°-90°C and the obtained potassium or sodium humate solution is mixed with 15-25% zinc sulphate solution. The obtained mixture is heated to 80°-100°C and held at that temperature for 10-14 hours. The zinc sulphate solution is separated and the formed zinc humate precipitate is deposited on a filter, dried in a drier and then ground in a mill to the required fraction.

EFFECT: obtaining water-insoluble humus fertilisers which are an effective catalyst for plant growth, increase yield of plants, promote reduction of nitrates in the soil, can accumulate and restore humus, and are denitrophenolisation agents, inhibitors of insecticide activity of nitrophenols of subsurface soil which inhibit growth of plants.

3 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of technological processes for the production of chemicals, in particular humic fertilizers, and can be used in chemical industries for the production of humic fertilizers.

A known method of producing humic fertilizers in which the humic containing component is treated with alkali and sodium humate is obtained, which is a growth promoter, see RF patent for invention No. 2128155, class C05F 11/02, published on 03/27/1999, using the therapeutic component as a humic containing component mud.

The disadvantage of this patent is the low quality of the obtained humic fertilizers, which, when introduced into the soil, dissolve in water and are carried away by rain.

There is also a method of producing humic fertilizers, in which peat is mixed with an aqueous solution of potassium oxide or sodium hydrate, the resulting mixture is heated and maintained at elevated temperature, continuously mixing, and the resulting solution of potassium or sodium humate is separated from the reaction mass, see RF patent for invention No. 2286970, class C05F 11/02, published November 10, 2006

It treats peat with a solution of potassium oxide humate at t 65 ° C for 45-50 minutes, which leads to low efficiency of obtaining water-soluble potassium humate from peat. In addition, the disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of obtaining water-insoluble humic fertilizers.

The present invention aims to create such a method of producing humic fertilizers, which would provide water-insoluble humic fertilizers, which are an effective catalyst for plant growth, increase plant productivity, contribute to the reduction of nitrates in the soil, have the ability to accumulate and restore humus, as well as being a denitrophenolizer, an insecticidal inhibitor activity of nitrophenols of the lower horizons of soils that inhibit plant growth.

The solution of the problem and the invention is as follows.

A method of producing humic fertilizers, in which peat is mixed with an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydrate, the resulting mixture is heated and maintained at elevated temperature, continuously mixing, and the resulting solution of potassium or sodium humate is separated from the reaction mass. In this case, peat is mixed with a solution of potassium oxide or sodium hydrate of a concentration of 3.5-4.5 g / l in a weight ratio of 1: 2.5-1: 10, the resulting mixture is mixed for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 70 ° -90 ° C, and then a 15-25% zinc sulfate solution is added to the resulting potassium or sodium humate solution, the resulting mixture is heated to a temperature of 80 ° -100 ° C, maintained at this temperature for 10-14 hours, zinc-sulfate solution is separated, and the precipitate of zinc humate precipitated on the filter, dried in a dryer and grind in a mill until needed own fraction.

Examples of the method for producing humic fertilizers

Example I. Peat is mixed with a solution of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydrate of a concentration of 3.5 g / l in a weight ratio of 1: 2.5, the resulting mixture is stirred for 2 hours at a temperature of 70 ° C, and then add to the resulting solution of potassium or sodium humate A 15% zinc sulfate solution, the resulting mixture is heated to a temperature of 80 ° C, maintained at the indicated temperature for 10 hours, the zinc sulfate solution is separated, and the precipitate of zinc humate precipitated on the filter, dried in a dryer and ground in a mill to the required fraction.

Example II Peat is mixed with a solution of potassium oxide or sodium hydrate of a concentration of 4.5 g / l in a weight ratio of 1:10, the resulting mixture is stirred for 3 hours at a temperature of 90 ° C, and then a 25% solution of sulfate is added to the resulting solution of potassium or sodium humate. zinc, the resulting mixture is heated to a temperature of 100 ° C, kept at this temperature for 14 hours, the zinc sulfate solution is separated, and the precipitate of zinc humate precipitated on the filter, dried in a dryer and grind in a mill to the required fraction.

Example III: peat is mixed with a solution of potassium oxide or sodium hydrate of a concentration of 4 g / l in a weight ratio of 1: 6, the resulting mixture is stirred for 2.5 hours at a temperature of 80 ° C, and then 20 is added to the resulting solution of potassium or sodium humate % zinc sulfate solution, the resulting mixture is heated to a temperature of 90 ° C, kept at this temperature for 12 hours, a zinc sulfate solution is separated, and the precipitate of zinc humate precipitated on a filter, dried in a dryer and ground in a mill to the required fraction.

The applicant has verified the quality of the obtained humic fertilizers and the effectiveness of its use in agriculture. It was noted that zinc humate does not dissolve in water, but dissolves in alkaline and acidic environments, and therefore is well absorbed by plants, is a catalyst for their growth, significantly increasing the germination and productivity of agricultural plants. Not washed off by rain and meltwater, zinc humate contributes to the accumulation and restoration of humus. In addition, zinc humate is a denitrophenolizer, an inhibitor of the insecticidal activity of nitrophenols in the lower horizons of soils that inhibit plant growth.

Given the high efficiency of the obtained humic fertilizers, the proposed method is recommended for widespread use in the production of humic fertilizers.

Claims (1)

A method of producing humic fertilizers, in which peat is mixed with an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydrate, the resulting mixture is heated and maintained at an elevated temperature, stirring continuously, and the resulting solution of potassium or sodium humate is separated from the reaction mass, characterized in that peat is mixed with a solution potassium or sodium oxide hydrate of a concentration of 3.5-4.5 g / l in a weight ratio of 1: 2.5-1: 10, the resulting mixture is stirred for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 70 ° -90 ° C, and then in the resulting solution of potassium humate or sodium I add a 15-25% zinc sulfate solution, heat the mixture to a temperature of 80-100 ° C, hold it at that temperature for 10-14 hours, separate the zinc sulfate solution, and the precipitate of zinc humate precipitated on the filter, dried in the dryer and grind in the mill to the desired fraction.