RU2403711C2 - Method of determining viability of bird eggs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves determining the viability of eggs in the parametres of the signal passing through the egg, the measurements results once a day, at least for three days. Equal ultrasonic pulses are passed through the egg and the transit time of these pulses passing through the egg is determined. At that at a stable increase in the transit time of ultrasonic pulses passing through the egg the viability of the fetus is concluded. If the transit time of ultrasonic pulses passing through the egg is not growing, its inviability is concluded.

EFFECT: this technology enables to improve accuracy of determining the viability of bird eggs.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of poultry and can be used in the production of eggs and poultry (chickens, geese, ducks, turkeys, quails, pheasants, etc.) in poultry farms.

A known method for determining the fertility of poultry eggs (RU, patent No. 2161404, Mcl A01K 45/00), including transillumination of an egg with a directed light beam and evaluation of the development of the germinal disk in the yolk of the egg by fluctuations in the volume of its air chamber, while the volume of the air chamber eggs are determined by changing the area of its shadow in horizontal projection.

The disadvantage of this method is its low reliability, since the vibrations of the air chamber are determined visually by the change in the area of its shadow in horizontal projection. The shadow itself does not have clear boundaries, in addition, the amplitude of the air chamber fluctuations is small and each individual egg has its own, therefore, it is possible to judge the change in the shadow area of the air chamber only with a small degree of probability.

There is also known a method of biological control of the development of the embryo in an egg (SU, AS No. 1245292, Mcl A01K 45/00), selected as a prototype, which consists in placing the egg in an electromagnetic field and measuring the electrical characteristics of the egg, and the difference is measured electrical losses in the electromagnetic field at the blunt and sharp ends of the egg.

The disadvantage of the prototype method is also low reliability. Since each egg has its own shape, the difference in the quality factors of the oscillatory circuit with the blunt and sharp ends of two different eggs with embryos at the same stage of development will not be equal.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of the method for determining the viability of the embryo of an egg of a bird.

A method for determining the viability of the embryo of an egg of a bird is patented, according to which the viability of the embryo is determined by the parameters of the signal passing through the egg, according to the measurement results once a day, at least for three days, characterized in that identical ultrasonic pulses are passed through the egg and the time is determined the passage of these pulses through the egg, while with a stable increase in the transit time of ultrasonic pulses through the egg, a conclusion is made about the viability of the embryo, and in the absence of such the increase is about its non-viability.

The drawing shows a device for implementing the inventive method.

A device for implementing the inventive method comprises a stand 1 with an oval recess for an egg, an emitting acoustic transducer 2 and a receiving acoustic transducer 3, an electric pulse generator 4, a measuring instrument for the passage of ultrasonic pulse through the egg 5.

The method is carried out in the following way.

The eggs are laid horizontally in the recess on the stand 1, diametrically emitting 2 and receiving 3 acoustic transducers are mounted diametrically to the opposite side surfaces of the eggs. The generator 4 generates an electric pulse supplied to the emitting transducer 2, in which the electric pulse is converted to ultrasonic and its subsequent radiation. At the same time, an electric pulse from the generator 4 is fed to the first input “a” of the time meter for the passage of the ultrasonic pulse through the egg 5, which starts the countdown. The receiving acoustic transducer 3 converts the received ultrasonic pulse passing through the egg into an electrical signal, which is fed to the second input “b” of the ultrasonic pulse transit time meter through the egg 5, while the time counting stops.

If an egg is fertilized and its embryo is alive, then the physicochemical processes taking place in it will change the acoustic properties of the egg, as a medium for the propagation of ultrasonic pulses. The latter leads to an increase in the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse through the egg.

An example implementation of the method.

In the incubator lay a batch of eggs in the amount of 5 pieces. An emitting acoustic transducer 2 is supplied with electrical pulses with a duration of 5 microseconds with a filling frequency of 30 MHz. The pulse amplitude is 10 V.

Measurements are taken once daily for at least 3 days.

The measurement results of the transit time of the ultrasonic pulse through the egg are presented in the table.

Egg number The transit time of ultrasonic pulses through the egg, μs Change in the transit time of ultrasonic pulses through the egg compared with the first days, μs 1 day 2 days 3 days 2 days 3 days one 33.40 33.58 33.72 +0.18 +0.32 2 33.70 33.84 33.98 +0.14 +0.28 3 33,20 33.35 33.43 +0.15 +0.23 four 34.01 34.00 33.98 -0.01 -0.03 5 33.59 33.62 33.72 +0.03 +0.13

After the measurements, all eggs were examined in the laboratory by dissection. As a result, it turned out that only in the fourth egg the embryo did not develop, while in the rest the normal development of the embryo took place.

The parameters of the probe pulse given in the example were chosen empirically from the following considerations:

- the pulse amplitude of 10 V supplied to the emitting transducer 2 provides a stable reception of the acoustic signal within the sensitivity of the transducer 3, taking into account the attenuation;

- a duration of 5 μs, taking into account the delay of the acoustic signal in the propagation medium (in the egg), provides the necessary measurement accuracy.

Thus, with a stable increase in the transit time of ultrasonic pulses through the egg for three days, we can conclude that the egg embryo is viable.

This method provides an increase in the reliability of the method for determining the viability of the embryo of an egg of a bird.

Claims (1)

A method for determining the viability of the embryo of an egg of a bird, according to which the viability of the embryo is determined by the parameters of the signal passing through the egg, according to the measurement results once a day, at least for three days, characterized in that the same ultrasonic pulses are passed through the egg and the transit time is determined of these pulses through the egg, while with a stable increase in the transit time of ultrasonic pulses through the egg, a conclusion is made about the viability of the embryo, and in the absence of such an increase, about his non-viability.

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