RU2402459C1 - Carrier plane - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport. ^ SUBSTANCE: carrier plane relates to maritime aviation. Carrier plane comprises airframe, folding wings, tail unit, power plant, with movable pylon, landing gear and hook. Power plant consists of four turbojet engines mounted the wing. Wing drives and ailerons are arranged in propeller blow zone. Folding wings are provided with tips. ^ EFFECT: shorter take-off, higher safety and reliability, increased range. ^ 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to aeronautical engineering, namely to naval aviation, and is intended for use with a heavy aircraft carrier cruiser (TAKR) for solving various problems at the Maritime Theater of War (MTVD). Deck aircraft can be performed for the tasks of long-range radar patrol and guidance (RLDN), anti-submarine defense (PLO) and for solving other tasks.

To ensure the takeoff of aircraft from the deck, all aircraft carriers of the United States and other countries of the world [1] are equipped with launch catapults. Domestic carrier-based aviation (PA) is based on the Admiral Kuznetsov type TAKR [2], which do not have launch catapults, therefore only large-armed aircraft like fighters and attack aircraft can take off from a deck equipped with a springboard. The maximum available runway on the TAKR deck is no more than 200 meters, from which it is necessary to ensure both normal take-off and take-off with engine failure on the take-off run. Therefore, TAKR does not have PA aircraft for other purposes than the above and helicopters, partially performing various tasks.

The Su-33 carrier-based fighter aircraft [3], based on the deck and hangar of the Admiral Kuznetsova TAKR, was adopted as an analogue. The aircraft contains a fuselage, an arrow-shaped wing, a twin-engine jet propulsion system, a twin-tail tail, a landing gear and a landing hook. With high thrust-to-weight ratio, it takes off from the TAKR short deck without an accelerating catapult, and even with the failure of one engine, it can continue to take off.

The disadvantages of this aircraft are significant fuel consumption by the power plant and the inability of the aircraft to remain in flight for a long time, performing patrol functions or performing anti-submarine operations, since its fuel reserves are limited and allow only one or two approaches to the target for its destruction. An increase in fuel supply is not possible due to the limited size of the fuel tanks and restrictions on the take-off weight of the aircraft.

Thus, there is no aircraft on the TAKR deck that could be in flight for a long time, fulfilling the functions of an SAR or PLO.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is the US Hawkai E-2D deck carrier aircraft [4], which contains a fuselage, a wing folding on the deck parking, 4-tail tail unit, a two-engine propulsion system, a movable antenna cowl with pylon, landing gear and landing hook. The wing of the aircraft and its mechanization are partially located in the area of blowing propellers. The plane takes off from the deck equipped with a launch catapult, at the start the plane is hooked by the front landing gear support to the catapult, and when the engines are operating in take-off mode, the catapult accelerates the aircraft to takeoff speed, at which, even if one engine fails, the aircraft can continue flying on one engine.

The marked prototype without launching catapults cannot take off from the deck of an aircraft carrier.

Launch catapults are bulky, expensive and complex devices that require constant performance. Even a single case of failure at the take-off stage leads to an airplane accident. In addition, the existing TAKR in Russia is not equipped with such catapults, and there are not even any prospects for equipping such catapults.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the take-off distance of the aircraft to 200 m, ensure the safety and reliability of the aircraft, replenish the PA fleet with an aircraft with economical fuel consumption, capable of fulfilling the tasks of an air traffic control or anti-aircraft missile for a long time and taking off from a deck equipped with a springboard without a launch catapult, only at the expense of thrust propulsion engines.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the deck aircraft is equipped with four fuel-efficient engines of the type TVD located along the wing span in such a way that the wing and its mechanization, as well as the ailerons, are located in the area of the airflow of the propellers.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by a brief description and the accompanying drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a frontal projection of a deck aircraft;

figure 2 shows a plan view of the aircraft;

figure 3 shows a profile projection.

The deck aircraft shown in the drawings (FIGS. 1-3) is an AWACS aircraft. The aircraft is made according to the “high-wing” scheme with a trapezoidal wing 1 in the plan, at the ends of which tips 2 are installed, which increase the aerodynamic quality of the aircraft and increase flight duration and range, are rotated by a small angle from the vertical plane and increase its effective elongation without a significant increase in scope. In front of wing 1 are external engines 3 and internal - 4, such as a theater with propellers 5. Engines of this type are very economical in terms of fuel consumption. Behind the internal engines 4, fairings 6 are made, in which the wheels 7 of the main supports are removed in flight; the nose wheels 8 are retracted inside the fuselage 9, of circular cross section. This fuselage section allows the structure to favorably absorb loads from overpressure inside the cockpit when flying at high altitude, which is necessary to increase the target detection range. In the upper rear part of the fuselage 9 there is a horizontal tail unit 10, equipped with elevators 11, and at the ends of which a two-keel vertical tail unit 12 with two-section rudders 13 is fixed.

In the upper part of the fuselage 9 on the telescopic pylon 14 is located fairing 15, which serves to accommodate the target equipment. The wing 1 is mechanized and contains double-slit flaps 16, hovering ailerons 17, brake flaps 18 and spoilers 19. The consoles 20 of the wing 1, together with the tips 2, ailerons 17, are movable-rotary, in order to reduce the dimensions of the aircraft when lowering it on the lift through limited-sized hatch in the TAKR hangar, as well as to reduce the occupied area when on deck and in the hangar. In the lower part of the fuselage 9, a movable-swivel hook 21 is installed, which ensures that the landing cable is captured when the aircraft lands on deck.

The installation of 4 fuel-efficient engines of the 3.4 type TVD, which are economical in terms of fuel consumption, provides the aircraft with increased thrust-to-weight ratio, which directly affects the take-off run of the aircraft, as well as the possibility of a long flight. Mechanization of the wing - flaps 16 and freezing ailerons 17 are located in the area of blowing of the propellers 5, thereby further increasing the lifting force of the wing (C _y ), which significantly reduces the take-off run. If one engine fails, the plane loses only a quarter of the thrust, but the symmetry is broken in the airflow of the wing, leading to the appearance of unbalanced forces and moments. To eliminate the asymmetry in the lift force of the wing and to counter the arising moments in the track and transverse channels on the plane, an automatic balancing system was used due to the speed of the ailerons, rudder and spoilers to break the lift in the wing section, symmetrical to the failed engine. The remaining effect of the wing blowing, taking into account balancing losses, is approximately 50% of the effect of the wing blowing without engine failure. Placing ailerons 17 in the area of blowing of screws 5 allows you to keep the lateral controllability of the aircraft during takeoff of the aircraft, in the event of a single engine failure.

The marked distinguishing features ensure the safety of the aircraft take-off from the TAKR deck equipped with a springboard, and also increase the lateral and track handling of the aircraft.

Before the aircraft takes off at its location, all the engines of the power plant are launched on the deck, and the aircraft is taxiing to the starting position with the consoles folded. Then the cantilevers and wing mechanization are set in the take-off position, and in the “Take-off” engine operating mode, the aircraft can take off.

Aerodynamic calculations were carried out with four engines of the theater, and more precisely - with the TV7-P7 ST. The maximum allowable take-off weight of the aircraft, taking into account take-off with one engine failure on the take-off run, is 28 tons. The patrol time at an altitude of 400 kilometers from TAKR is at least 7 hours. The operation of the engines in the take-off mode allows, in the event of a single engine failure, to continue taking off the aircraft from the deck with a take-off strip in the range of 180-200 meters.

Technical and economic efficiency is expressed in increasing the efficiency of using an aircraft carrier group led by TAKR on the MTVD, due to coverage of air, surface and underwater situations within a radius of about 1000 kilometers around the aircraft carrier group, as well as the ability to control and direct PA aircraft and cruise missiles at targets.

The present invention can be implemented according to existing technology from the materials used in aircraft construction, and the existing level of development of antenna-feeder devices and the production of radio equipment.

Information sources

1. "Aircraft carriers and helicopter carriers." Korotkikh I.M., Slepenkov Z.F., Kolizaev B.A. Publishing House M .: Military Publishing, 1972

2. http://airforce.ru/ Samples of weapons of the Navy. "Heavy aircraft cruiser" Admiral Kuznetsov. "

3. "Take-off" April 4, 2008 (40). National Aerospace Journal. WWW.TAKE-OFF.RU. Page 34-43.

4. FLIGHT. No. 5-11 February 2008, pp. 28-29.

Claims (1)

A deck aircraft comprising a fuselage, a wing with folding arms, a tail unit, a power unit, a radome with a movable pylon, a landing gear and landing hack, characterized in that the power unit consists of four turboprop engines that are located in front of the wing, the wing and ailerons are located in the area of blowing screws, wing consoles are provided with tips.

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