RU2402198C1 - Sprinkler plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises drip line. Drip line is arranged as sectional and is equipped with sprinkler heads, wheel supports, drive arranged in the middle of central section, and couplings for connection of sections. Drip line is fixed on brackets of driving trolleys and support wheels. Brackets of driving trolleys are installed in rows of crops at the height of 2.0-2.5 m from soil surface. Bracket of central driving trolley has external rotary triangular boom for fixation of brace wires. Brace wires are connected to brackets of driving trolleys and support wheels of side sections. Motor with reducer is installed on central driving trolley. Reducer is intended to transfer torsion torque from motor to driving trolleys with the help of driving shaft. Driving shaft is installed on suspended bearings arranged on brackets of driving trolleys and support wheels. Drive to wheels of driving trolleys is arranged with the help of chain gears. Sprinkler heads are fixed to watering pipeline at the side opposite to direction of sprinkler plant motion, with the help of rotary yokes and supply pipes. Length of supply pipes is more than radius of support wheels in driving trolleys. Heads are arranged as deflector ones, and supply cavity of head body has inner helical guide with left-sided winding. Head body has elliptical shape. Guide ribs are provided on body bottom. Guide ribs separate inner cavity of body into isolated compartments. Inner cavity of compartments has groove arranged along helical line with left-sided winding.

EFFECT: design will make it possible to reduce force required to move sprinkler plant and also to provide watering of tall-stalked crops.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to means of irrigation of agricultural crops, mainly by sprinkling in mobile irrigation equipment.

A sprinkler installation is known that comprises a support element of an irrigation pipeline cantileverly attached to the top of the mast, the free end of which is connected to a land vehicle, in which, in order to expand operational capabilities and increase the irrigation efficiency, the support element is made in the form of a cable mounted with axial movement and equipped with a variable-length section free of piping (SU, copyright certificate No. 1485459).

The disadvantages of this sprinkler are design complexity, high material consumption and low quality of rain, the inability to increase the energy and vitality of the water.

Known sprinkler installation, including a frame of pipes with a handle, a drum mounted on it, the tubular axis of which is connected through a flexible hose of the drum to the riser of the sprinkler, in which, in order to simplify the design and improve ease of maintenance, the handle is hinged to the frame, made hollow and hydraulically connected to the tubular axis of the drum, while the junction of the sprinkler is mounted on the free end of the handle; it is equipped with support wheels, and the handle is equipped with a vertical support during irrigation and a horizontal position lock during transportation (SU, copyright certificate No. 1500208).

The disadvantages of this sprinkler are design complexity, high material consumption, low productivity and low rain quality, lack of the ability to increase the energy and vitality of water.

A sprinkler installation is known, including a frame in the form of a spatial truss of pipes on a vehicle with a pumping unit and a flexible water supply pipe with sprinklers mounted on it via cables, while the flexible water supply pipe is made sectional, each section has a flexible pipe segment and flanges mutually connected by a bearing element, adjacent sections are connected by means of a transition element and, flanges mutually fastened by fastening elements, while the ends of the segment fixed in the grooves of the flanges and shaped transition element last assembly is shaped spherical zone, the surface of which is mounted an orifice plate for communication cables to the frame (RU, patent №2238640).

The disadvantages of the sprinkler installation are the design complexity associated with the use of a pumping unit, a water intake device and a pump start-up system. In addition, water is taken from temporary channels - irrigators made in the earthen channel, while water carries a significant amount of suspended matter, which leads to clogging of irrigation nozzles and a decrease in the reliability of the irrigation system.

A wide-wheel sprinkler is known, made sectional and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the central section, and couplings for connecting the sections, while in each section the water supply pipe is made of low-pressure polyethylene pipes connected in series with couplings, and placed in the cavity of the bearing element formed by C-shaped bent profiles, the ends of which are connected by flanges, while the hub of each wheel pair covers the bearing element, and d sprinkler nozzles are connected to the water supply pipeline by means of nipples placed between the shelves of adjacent C-shaped bent profiles of the bearing element, with each wing connected to the central section provided with a limit torque coupling (RU, patent for invention No. 2250602).

The disadvantages of the wide wheel sprinkler include the limited height of the irrigated crops, the formation of a moistened soil surface in the area where the support wheels are located, which, when moving the sprinkler, causes a rut and leads to significant difficulty in moving.

This disadvantage leads to a curvature of the pipeline and significantly reduces the operational reliability of the sprinkler. In addition, there is no possibility of increasing the energy and vitality of irrigation water.

Known wheeled sprinkler pipe, made sectional and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the Central section, and couplings for connecting sections, while couplings for connecting sections of the pipeline are each made in the form of two concentric nozzles with flanges mounted for rotation one relative to the other and interconnected by means of a spring-loaded clamp, while the flange of the outer pipe is fixed in the flange of the inner pipe redstvom retaining ring and the inner diameter of the inner nozzle equal to the inner diameter of the conduit (SU, Inventor's Certificate №1402297).

The disadvantages of this wheeled sprinkler pipe include the limited height of the irrigated crops, the formation of a moistened soil surface in the area where the support wheels are located, which causes the formation of a rut when moving the wheeled sprinkler pipe, which makes it difficult to move, which causes the pipe to bend and reduces the operational reliability of the wheeled sprinkler . In addition, there is no possibility of increasing the energy and vitality of irrigation water.

We adopted this wheeled sprinkler pipeline as the closest analogue.

The invention consists in the following.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase operational reliability and expand functionality.

The technical result is a reduction in movement effort, providing the ability to irrigate tall crops, increasing the energy and vitality of irrigation water.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known sprinkler unit comprising an irrigation pipe made sectionally and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the central section and couplings for connecting the sections, according to the invention, the irrigation pipe is mounted on the brackets of the drive trolleys and support wheels mounted on the aisles of crops, at a height of 2.0-2.5 m from the soil surface, while the bracket of the Central drive t the prongs has a forward-rotated triangular boom for attaching stretching cables connected to the brackets of the drive trolleys and the support wheels of the side sections, an engine with a gearbox is installed on the central drive trolley, which is designed to transmit torque from the engine to the drive trolleys using a drive shaft mounted on outboard bearings placed on the brackets of the drive trolleys and support wheels, the drive on the wheels of the drive trolleys is made using chain gears, from the side In the opposite direction of movement of the sprinkler unit, sprinkler nozzles mounted on the supply pipes, the length of which is longer than the radius of the support wheels of the drive trolleys, are made deflector, and the supply cavity of the body of the nozzle has an internal screw guide with left-hand winding, the nozzle body has an elliptical shape, guide ribs are made on the bottom of the housing, which divide the internal cavity of the housing into diverging ki, the inner cavity of the compartments has a groove formed along a helix with the left-hand wound. Due to the fact that the irrigation pipeline with irrigation nozzles is located at a height of 2.0 ... 2.5 m, it is possible to irrigate tall crops, and the location of the support wheels on moist soil prevents rutting and reduces the effort to move the sprinkler, and when using a sprinkler nozzle with screw guides is achieved by obtaining the above technical result.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, allowed to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by the features of the claimed invention.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "Novelty" under applicable law. The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the design of the sprinkler unit - rear view.

In Fig.2 - the same is a top view.

Figure 3 is a view A in figure 2.

Figure 4 - sprinkler nozzle - cross section.

Figure 5 - sprinkler nozzle - top view.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The sprinkler assembly includes a supply pipe 1, an irrigation pipe 2 with sprinkler nozzles 3. The irrigation pipe 2 is supported by drive trolleys 4 having a chain drive 5 and support wheels 6 with brackets 7. The central trolley 8 is drive, for this a drive motor 9 is installed on it with a reducer 10. On the drive trolley 8 there is a bracket with a forward triangular pivoting boom 11. The drive trolleys 4 have brackets 12 for attaching the irrigation pipe 2 and the outboard bearings on which it is mounted the drive shaft 13. The front of the triangular boom 11 is connected by pulling cables 14 to the brackets 7 of the support wheels 6 and the brackets 12 of the drive trolleys.

Sprinkling nozzles 3 are made deflector, while the inlet cavity nozzle has an internal screw guide 15 with left-hand winding. A horizontal distribution platform 16 is provided behind the inlet cavity. On the bottom of the nozzle body, which has an elliptical shape, guide ribs 17 are made that divide the internal cavity of the housing into diverging compartments 18. The internal cavity of the compartments has a groove made in a helical line with left-hand winding. Sprinkler nozzles 3 are installed on the irrigation pipe 2 with the help of rotary clamps 19.

Sprinkler unit operates as follows.

Before starting work, the sprinkler unit is installed on the field so that the support trolleys and support wheels are located between the rows of crops or planting. Using a drive motor 9, the sprinkler unit is moved to the nearest hydrant of the closed irrigation network. The distance from the edge of the field to the axis of the irrigation pipe 2 should correspond to the irrigation zone with irrigation nozzles 3. A flexible hose mounted on the hydrant is connected to the inlet pipe 1 and the water supply to the irrigation pipe 2 is turned on. Water is supplied through the inlet pipes 3 to the deflector nozzles. In this case, the water flow passing through the supply cavity 15 of the nozzle body acquires a counterclockwise rotational movement due to the influence of the internal screw guide on the flow. Water in a counterclockwise rotation changes its structure, while its energy and vitality increase. When leaving the supply cavity 15, the rotating flow is distributed along the horizontal platform 16 and is divided by the guide ribs 17 into diverging jets and moves along the compartments 18. Since the compartment walls have helical grooves with a counterclockwise direction of winding, the jets receive a rotational movement counterclockwise. Water in jets further improves its structure, increases its energy and vitality, and is ejected through the outer edge of the deflector, develops into small drops and enters the leafy part of plants and soil. The impact of irrigation water, which has increased energy and vitality, on the leaf-stem part of plants, as well as the root system, creates favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants, and increases crop yields.

As soon as the soil reaches the set moisture, the sprinkler unit moves to a new position. To move the sprinkler unit, an engine 9 is turned on, which, through the gearbox 10, transmits torque to the drive shaft 13, from which the chain drives rotate the wheels of the drive trolleys 4, 8.

The straightness of movement of the irrigation pipeline is supported by extension cables 14. Since the wheels of the drive trolleys 4, 8 and the support wheels 6 are on dry soil, their movement across the field is not difficult, and a track is not formed when the sprinkler is moving.

If it is necessary to change the direction of movement (return stroke of the sprinkler unit), the following operations are performed.

The pivoting arm 11 is rotated 180 ° and secured in this position to the drive carriage 8. The deflector nozzles 3 are presented on the irrigation pipe and are fixed with clamps 19 at the holes in the irrigation pipe 2, with the deflector nozzle 3 pointing upward, as shown in figure 4. The straightness of the pipeline is checked, and if necessary it is leveled by extension cables 14. In this position, the sprinkler is ready to move in the opposite direction.

The location of the wheels on a dry soil surface significantly reduces the necessary effort to move the sprinkler unit and prevents the formation of a rut from the support wheels.

The location of the irrigation pipeline at a sufficient height from the soil surface allows irrigation of crops up to 2.5 m high.

The use of a sprinkler nozzle, which provides increased energy and vitality of water, increases the yield of agricultural crops, as well as the quality of the products.

Claims (1)

The sprinkler unit, including the irrigation pipe, made sectional and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the central section, and couplings for connecting the sections, characterized in that the irrigation pipe is mounted on the brackets of the drive trolleys and support wheels mounted on the rows of crops crops at a height of 2.0-2.5 m from the surface of the soil, while the bracket of the central drive trolley has a pivoted triangular boom for forward for the replication of stretch cables connected to the brackets of the drive trolleys and the support wheels of the side sections, an engine with a gearbox is installed on the central drive trolley, which is designed to transmit torque from the engine to the drive trolleys using a drive shaft mounted on outboard bearings mounted on the drive brackets trolleys and support wheels, the drive on the wheels of the drive trolleys is made using chain gears, from the side opposite to the direction of movement of the sprinkler, to irrigation sprinkling nozzles are connected to the pipe by means of swivel clamps and supply tubes, the length of which is greater than the radius of the support wheels of the drive trolleys, the nozzles are made deflector, and the supply cavity of the nozzle body has an internal screw guide with left-hand winding, the nozzle body has an elliptical shape, guides are made on the bottom of the body ribs that divide the internal cavity of the housing into diverging compartments, and the internal cavity of the compartments has a groove made along a helical line left-hand wound.

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