RU2365100C1 - Sprinkler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: sprinkler includes irrigating pipeline, made in sections and equipped with spraying headers, wheel supports, drive gear, arranged in the middle of the central section and sections coupling elements. Irrigating pipeline is fixed on the arms of driving trucks and wheel supports, set on the inter-row spacing of the seeding of agricultural crops at the height of 2.0-2.5 m above the ground surface. Arm of the central driving truck has an offset forward turning triangle lead for fixation of tie-rods, connected with the arms of the driving trucks and supporting wheels of lateral sections. On the central truck there is a geared motor, which is intended for torque transmission from the motor to driving trucks by means of transmission shaft arranged on overhung bearings. Trucks wheels are driven by means of chain gear. Bypassing tubes are coupled to the irrigating pipeline by means of steering sleeves from the side opposite to the movement direction of the sprinkler. Tubes length equals diametre of supporting wheels of driven trucks; headers are set on hoses and resting against the ground. Case of the header is made of a long-wearing material and inside the internal cavity there is a flow guide having internal lead bar with left-side coiling and alternating pitch. Behind the lead bar there is a guiding paraboloid of rotation connected with outlet openings normally arranged to the axial line of the header, made at a tangent to the internal hole of the flow guide and directed counterclockwise. Whereat water outlet openings are directed upward and sideward.

EFFECT: increased duration of high productivity and improved operational capacities.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to means of irrigation of agricultural crops, mainly by sprinkling in mobile irrigation equipment.

A sprinkler installation is known that comprises a support element of an irrigation pipeline cantileverly attached to the top of the mast, the free end of which is connected to a land vehicle, in which, in order to expand operational capabilities and increase the irrigation efficiency, the support element is made in the form of a cable mounted with axial movement and equipped with a variable-length section free of piping (SU, copyright certificate No. 1485459).

The disadvantages of this sprinkler are design complexity, high material consumption and low quality of rain, the inability to increase the energy and vitality of the water.

Known sprinkler installation, including a frame of pipes with a handle, a drum mounted on it, the tubular axis of which is connected through a flexible hose of the drum to the riser of the sprinkler, in which, in order to simplify the design and improve ease of maintenance, the handle is hinged to the frame, made hollow and hydraulically connected to the tubular axis of the drum, while the junction of the sprinkler is mounted on the free end of the handle; it is equipped with support wheels, and the handle is equipped with a vertical support during irrigation and a horizontal position lock during transportation (SU, copyright certificate No. 1500208).

The disadvantages of this sprinkler are design complexity, high material consumption, low productivity and low rain quality, lack of the ability to increase the energy and vitality of water.

A sprinkler installation is known, including a frame in the form of a spatial truss from pipes on a vehicle with a pumping unit and a flexible water supply pipe with sprinklers mounted on it by cables, while the flexible water supply pipe is made sectional, each section has a flexible pipe segment and flanges mutually connected by a bearing element, adjacent sections are connected by means of a transition element and flanges mutually fastened by fastening elements, while the ends of the segments fixed in the shaped grooves of the flanges and the transition element, the last assembly is given the shape of a spherical belt, on the surface of which a disk with holes for connecting the cables to the frame is mounted (RU, patent for invention No. 2238640).

The disadvantages of the sprinkler installation are the design complexity associated with the use of a pumping unit, a water intake device and a pump start-up system. In addition, water is drawn from temporary irrigation channels made in the earthen channel, while the water carries a significant amount of suspension, which leads to clogging of irrigation nozzles and a decrease in the reliability of the irrigation system.

A wide-wheel sprinkler is known, made sectional and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the central section, and couplings for connecting the sections, while in each section the water supply pipe is made of low-pressure polyethylene pipes connected in series with couplings, and placed in the cavity of the bearing element formed by C-shaped bent profiles, the ends of which are connected by flanges, while the hub of each wheel pair covers the bearing element, and d sprinkler nozzles are connected to the water supply pipeline by means of nipples placed between the shelves of adjacent C-shaped bent profiles of the bearing element, with each wing connected to the central section provided with a limit torque coupling (RU, patent for invention No. 2250602).

The disadvantages of the wide wheel sprinkler include the limited height of the irrigated crops, the formation of a moistened soil surface in the area where the support wheels are located, which, when moving the sprinkler, causes a rut and leads to significant difficulty in moving.

This disadvantage leads to a curvature of the pipeline and significantly reduces the operational reliability of the sprinkler. In addition, there is no possibility of increasing the energy and vitality of irrigation water.

Known wheeled sprinkler pipe, made sectional and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the Central section, and couplings for connecting sections, while couplings for connecting sections of the pipeline are each made in the form of two concentric nozzles with flanges mounted for rotation one relative to the other and interconnected by means of a spring-loaded clamp, while the flange of the outer pipe is fixed in the flange of the inner pipe redstvom retaining ring and the inner diameter of the inner nozzle equal to the inner diameter of the conduit (SU, Inventor's Certificate №1402297).

The disadvantages of this wheeled sprinkler pipe include the limited height of the irrigated crops, the formation of a moistened soil surface in the area where the support wheels are located, which causes the formation of a rut when moving the wheeled sprinkler pipe, which makes it difficult to move, which causes the pipe to bend and reduces the operational reliability of the wheeled sprinkler pipe . In addition, there is no possibility of increasing the energy and vitality of irrigation water.

We adopted this wheeled sprinkler pipeline as the closest analogue.

The invention consists in the following.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase operational reliability and expand functionality.

The technical result is a reduction in movement effort, providing the ability to irrigate tall crops, increasing the energy and vitality of irrigation water.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known sprinkler unit comprising an irrigation pipe made sectionally and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the central section and couplings for connecting the sections, according to the invention, the irrigation pipe is mounted on the brackets of the drive trolleys and support wheels installed on the aisles of crops, at a height of 2.0-2.5 m from the soil surface, while the bracket of the Central drive t the cart has a forward rotated triangular boom for attaching extension cables connected to the brackets of the drive trolleys and the support wheels of the side sections, an engine with a gearbox is installed on the central drive trolley, which is designed to transmit torque from the engine to the drive trolleys using a drive shaft mounted on outboard bearings located on the brackets of the drive trolleys and support wheels, the drive on the wheels of the drive trolleys is made using chain gears, from the side in the opposite direction of movement of the sprinkler unit, outlet pipes are connected to the irrigation pipe using rotary clamps, the length of which is equal to the diameter of the support wheels of the drive trolleys, nozzles are mounted on hoses and rest on the soil surface, while the nozzle body is made of wear-resistant material, and in the inner cavity a flow guide is installed, which has an internal screw guide with left-hand winding and variable pitch, a guide is provided behind the screw guide minutes paraboloid of revolution, coupled with the water discharge orifices arranged normal to the axial line of the nozzle taken along a tangent to the inner cavity and a flow guide directed counterclockwise, the water-discharge openings directed upwards and only the sides. Due to the fact that the irrigation pipeline with irrigation nozzles is located at a height of 2.0 ... 2.5 m, it is possible to irrigate tall crops, the location of the support wheels on moist soil prevents rutting and reduces the effort to move the sprinkler, and the use of an irrigation nozzle with screw guides, a paraboloid guide, water outlets made along the tangent and the internal cavity of the flow guide, the location of the holes, upward and to the sides, as well as the installation of sprinkler nozzles on the soil surface, provides the above technical result.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, allowed to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by all the features of the claimed invention.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "Novelty" under applicable law.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the design of the sprinkler unit - rear view.

In Fig.2 - the same is a top view.

Figure 3 is a view A in figure 2.

Figure 4 - sprinkler nozzle - cross section.

Figure 5 - section bb in figure 4.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The sprinkler unit includes a supply pipe 1, an irrigation pipe 2 with outlet pipes 3. The irrigation pipe 2 is supported by drive carts 4 having a chain drive 5 and support wheels 6 with brackets 7. The central cart 8 is a drive car, for this a drive motor 9 is installed on it with a reducer 10. A bracket with a forward triangular pivoting boom 11 is placed on the drive trolley 8. The drive trolleys 4 have brackets 12 for attaching the irrigation pipe 2 and outboard bearings on which ivodnoy shaft 13. The front part 11 is connected triangular arrow-ropes extensions 14 with bracket 7 supporting wheels 6 and the arms 12 of drive carriages. Hoses 15 are connected to the outlet tubes 3 for supplying water to the rain nozzles 16.

Sprinkling nozzles 16 are made collapsible, while the nozzle body is made of wear-resistant material, and a flow guide 17 is installed in the inner cavity of the housing, which has an internal screw guide 18 with left-hand winding and variable pitch, which is fixed on the axis 19. A guide paraboloid is provided behind the screw guide rotation 20, coupled to the water outlet 21. Water outlet 21 are located normally to the axial line of the nozzle 16, made tangential to the inner cavity of the head the driver of the flow 17 and counterclockwise. In this case, the water outlets are directed only up and to the sides. The outlet tubes 3 are installed on the irrigation pipe 2 with the help of swivel clamps 22.

Sprinkler unit operates as follows.

Before starting work, the sprinkler unit is installed on the field so that the support trolleys and support wheels are located between the rows of crops or planting. Using the drive motor 9, the sprinkler unit is moved to the nearest hydrant of the closed irrigation network. The distance from the edge of the field to the axis of the irrigation pipe 2 should correspond to the irrigation zone with irrigation nozzles 16. A flexible hose mounted on the hydrant is connected to the inlet pipe 1 and the water supply to the irrigation pipe 2 is turned on. Water is supplied through the discharge pipes 3 through hoses 15 to nozzles 16. In this case, the water flow passing along the flow guide 17 interacts with the screw guide 18 of the nozzle and acquires a counterclockwise rotation. In this case, with a decrease in the pitch of the screw winding, the rotation speed increases and centrifugal forces increase. Water in a counterclockwise rotation changes its structure, while its energy and vitality increase. When the rotating stream interacts with the guiding rotation paraboloid 20, the living cross section of the stream decreases, the flow rate increases, and water in the form of fine droplets is ejected through the outlet holes 21 onto the leafy plant mass and is lowered by gravity onto the irrigated soil surface. During irrigation with fine sprinkling, the soil is gradually moistened, and the soil structure does not deteriorate, which significantly increases its productivity. The impact of irrigation water, which has increased energy and vitality, on the leafy part of plants, as well as the root system, creates favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants, and increases the yield of crops.

As soon as the soil reaches the set moisture, the sprinkler unit moves to a new position. To move the sprinkler unit, an engine 9 is turned on, which, through the gearbox 10, transmits torque to the drive shaft 13, from which the chain drives rotate the wheels of the drive trolleys 4, 8.

The straightness of movement of the irrigation pipeline is supported by extension cables 14. Since the wheels of the drive trolleys 4, 8 and the support wheels 6 are on dry soil, their movement across the field is not difficult, and a track is not formed when the sprinkler is moving.

If you need to change the direction of movement (return stroke of the sprinkler unit), the following operations are performed.

The rotary boom 11 is rotated 180 ° and fixed in this position to the drive carriage 8. The discharge tubes 3 are rearranged on the irrigation pipe and secured with clamps 22 at the holes in the irrigation pipe 2, while the nozzles 16 are transferred to the side opposite to the movement. The straightness of the pipeline is checked, and if necessary it is leveled by extension cables 14. In this position, the sprinkler is ready to move in the opposite direction.

The location of the wheels on a dry soil surface significantly reduces the necessary effort to move the sprinkler unit and prevents the formation of a rut from the support wheels.

The location of the irrigation pipeline at a sufficient height from the soil surface allows irrigation of crops up to 2.5 m high.

The use of a sprinkler aggregate, which provides increased energy and vitality of water, increases crop yields, as well as product quality.

Claims (1)

The sprinkler unit, including an irrigation pipe made in section and equipped with sprinkler nozzles, wheel bearings, a drive located in the middle of the central section, and couplings for connecting the sections, characterized in that the irrigation pipe is mounted on the brackets of the drive trolleys and support wheels mounted on the rows of crops crops at a height of 2.0-2.5 m from the surface of the soil, while the bracket of the central drive trolley has a pivoted triangular boom for forward for the replication of stretch cables connected to the brackets of the drive trolleys and the support wheels of the side sections, an engine with a gearbox is installed on the central drive trolley, which is designed to transmit torque from the engine to the drive trolleys using a drive shaft mounted on outboard bearings mounted on the drive brackets trolleys and support wheels, the drive on the wheels of the drive trolleys is made using chain gears, from the side opposite to the direction of movement of the sprinkler to irrigation pipe, connected by means of swivel clamps, outlet pipes, the length of which is equal to the diameter of the support wheels of the drive trolleys, nozzles are mounted on hoses and rest on the soil surface, while the nozzle body is made of wear-resistant material, and a flow guide is installed in the inner cavity of the housing, which has an internal helical guide with left-hand winding and variable pitch, behind the helical guide there is a guide paraboloid of rotation, paired with water outlets, aspolozhennymi normal to the axial line of the nozzle taken along a tangent to the inner cavity and a flow guide directed counterclockwise, the water-discharge openings are directed only upwards and laterally.

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