RU2402039C2 - Radar set - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: radar set has a transmitter with a transmission antenna, a reception antenna, a drive, a direction finding device, read-only memory, a subtractor, an indicator, a direction and corner mark sensor with second resolution, a mark counter, a device for decoding the turn of the beam by the value of its width, a scanning onset decoder, a delay line, an AND-OR logic element and a symmetrical flip-flop connected in a certain way.

EFFECT: more accurate range finding without using complex additional units.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of radar and can be used in search and tracking systems of air and space objects in the process of viewing space.

Known Radar, set forth in patent No. 2161807, author Chasovskaya A.A. dated January 10, 2001, bull. No. 1. In it, during the rotation of the radiation pattern, electromagnetic pulses are emitted with an increased repetition rate. In the process of receiving signals reflected from objects, their direction is determined. Range is the difference in the time of radiation in the direction of the object and the time of reception of the signal from the object located in the same direction. The viewing mode can be carried out by mechanical rotation of the antennas. However, ambiguous range determination may occur in the device.

Known Radar as set forth in patent No. 2,337,377 to Chasovskaya A.A. dated 10.27.2008, bull. No. 30. In it, a circular review can be carried out using mechanical rotation of the radiation pattern. At the same time, the transmitter can include a transmitter and a narrowly directed transmitter antenna that rotates with the drive, and the direction-finding receiver can include a receiver antenna with intersecting radiation patterns and a direction determining device, which receives information from it into a read-only memory device . It protects the direction of the central axis of the transmitting radiation pattern at the time of radiation pulses. In this case, the direction that is closest to the wired direction is selected, and the time of arrival of the reflected signal in the aforementioned direction is subtracted from the time of emission of the probe pulse in this direction and the difference characterizes the range. In the process of an accelerated survey, after a rotation of the transmitting radiation pattern by an amount of intrinsic width, a pulse is emitted. In this case, the pulse emission frequency is increased ten or more times, which ensures a reduction in the viewing time. From review to review, the phase of the radiation changes. Range and direction are displayed on the indicator. However, to increase the accuracy of determining the range, additional complex nodes are necessary, in particular, random access memory, time counters, and converters. Using the proposed device increases the accuracy of determining the range without introducing additional complex nodes. This is achieved by introducing a second-direction direction and angle mark sensor, a mark counter, a beam rotation decoder for its own width, a survey start decoder, a delay line, an AND-OR element and a symmetric trigger, while the direction and angle mark sensor with a second resolution is rigidly connected with a drive and has a group of outputs connected to the second group of inputs of the subtractor and to the group of inputs of the decoder of the beginning of the survey, the output of which is connected to the input of a symmetric trigger having the first and second outputs odes, respectively connected to the first and second inputs of read-only memory, the group of outputs of which is connected to the first group of inputs of the subtracter, the group of outputs of which is connected to the second group of inputs of the indicator, and the aforementioned input of this trigger is also connected through the delay line to the first input of the AND-OR element having a second input connected to the second output of the symmetric trigger, and the third and fourth inputs of the AND-OR element, respectively, are connected to the output of the aforementioned decoder of the beginning of the survey and with the first output of the symmetric trigger, and the output of the AND-OR element is connected to the second input of the label counter, the first input of which is connected to the output of the direction sensor and angle marks with a second resolution, and the group of its outputs is connected to the group of inputs of the beam rotation decoder by the value of its own width having output connected to the input of the transmitter.

In the drawing and in the text, the following notation:

1 - transmitter;

2 - narrowly directed transmitting antenna;

3 - receiving antenna with intersecting radiation patterns;

4 - device for determining the direction;

5 - drive;

6 - a sensor of directions and angle marks with a second resolution;

7 - read-only memory;

8 - tag counter;

9 - subtractor;

10 - decoder rotation of the beam by the value of its own width;

11 - decoder of the beginning of the review;

12-indicator;

13 - an AND-OR element;

14 - delay line;

15 - symmetric trigger.

In this case, the output of the transmitter 1 is connected to the input of a narrowly directed transmitting antenna 2, rigidly connected to the drive 5 and the receiving antenna with intersecting radiation patterns 3, having an output connected to the input of the direction determining device 4, the group of outputs of which is connected to the group of inputs of the read-only memory 7 and with the first group of inputs of indicator 12 having a second group of inputs connected to the group of outputs of the subtractor 9, the first and second groups of inputs of which are respectively connected to the group of outputs in read-only memory 7 and with a group of outputs of the direction sensor and angle marks with a second resolution of 6, rigidly connected to the drive 5, and also connected to the group of inputs of the decoder of the beginning of the survey 11, which has an output connected to the input of the symmetric trigger 15, with the third input of the element AND-OR 13 and through a delay line 14 with the first input of this element, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the symmetric trigger 15 and to the second input of the read-only memory 7, and the fourth input is connected to the first output m of symmetric trigger 15 and with the first input of read-only memory 7, and the output of the AND-OR element 13 is connected to the second input of the tag counter 8, having a first input connected to the output of the direction sensor and angle marks with a second resolution of 6, and having a group of outputs, connected to the group of inputs of the beam rotation decoder by an amount of intrinsic width 10, having an output connected to the input of the transmitter 1.

The device operates as follows.

The transmitter 1, on command from the beam rotation decoder by the amount of its own width 10, generates an electromagnetic pulse entering the narrowly directed transmitting antenna 2. Electromagnetic energy emitted by this antenna is reflected from the object and supplied to the receiving antenna with intersecting radiation patterns 3, from the output of which the signal arrives into the direction determining device 4, which determines the direction by a single-pulse method. The receiving and transmitting antennas are rotated by means of a drive 5. From the output of the direction determining device 4, the information enters the read-only memory 7. In it, the directions of the central axis of the transmitting radiation pattern are protected at the moment of emission of the pulses. In this case, the direction that is closest to the received direction is selected, taking into account the phase of the transmitting beam, which varies from view to view. At equidistant values within the resolution in the direction, the selection of the wired direction is not carried out and can be made at the next review after the phase change. This eliminates the ambiguity of determining the range. Signs of the phase are supplied to the first and second inputs of read-only memory 7 from the first and second outputs of the symmetric trigger 15. The selected direction from the group of outputs of read-only memory 7 goes to the first group of inputs of the subtractor 9, where it is subtracted from the current angular direction from the direction sensor and angle marks with a second resolution of 6, rigidly connected with the drive 5. Sensor 6 is made as shown in patent No. 2186406 under the name "Sensor azimuth marks". This implies that during the delay of the signal reflected from the object, the rotation speed of the drive 5 will not practically change, which makes it possible to determine the current value of the direction of rotation of the central axis of the antenna with an accuracy of a fraction of a second and minimize the probability of error in choosing the direction of the pulse storage device 7. Information from the group of outputs of the subtractor 9, which is information about the range, together with information about the direction from the group of outputs of the device is determined I of direction 4 is displayed on indicator 12. The moment of phase change is fixed by the decoder of the beginning of the survey 11, the input group of which receives information from the aforementioned sensor 6. From the decoder output, the signal is fed to the input of the symmetric trigger 15, which switches from one state to another and gives signals to the first and second inputs of read-only memory 7. Thus, the selected directions in read-only memory 7 due to a change in phase differ from review to review. From the output of the decoder 11, the signal also enters through the delay line 14, equal to the rotation time of the transmitting beam by an amount equal to half its width to the first input of the AND-OR element 13, and the second input receives permission from the second output of the symmetric trigger 15, after switching it. From the output of the AND-OR 13 element, the signal is supplied to the initial setting of the tag counter 8. The tag counter counts the number of tags from the sensor 6, at which the beam rotates by its own width, which fixes the beam rotation decoder by its own width of 10 and gives a signal to transmitter start 1.

In the next review, the third and fourth inputs of the AND-OR 13 element receive signals, respectively, from the output of the decoder 11 and from the first output of the symmetric trigger 15, after which the counter 8 is set to the initial state and the phase of beam movement is shifted in the opposite direction.

We give an example of a specific implementation. Let the antennas rotate in the circular viewing mode at a speed of 60 rpm. The transmit antenna pattern is 0.5 ° in azimuth and 20 ° in elevation. During the rotation of the transmitting antenna, one pulse is emitted by the value of the intrinsic beam width. The pulse repetition rate is 700 Hz. Then, with a maximum detection range of 1000 km, the width of the zone of intersecting two radiation patterns of the receiving antenna, rotated relative to the transmitting beam in the direction opposite to rotation, will be 2.5 ° with a width of each diagram of 5 °. Resolution in the direction of 10 minutes. The error in determining the range of 20 meters. Other designs are possible.

The proposed device can be used in control systems and control of air and space traffic and can be placed in ground, including mobile conditions, as well as in ship and airborne conditions. By reducing the number of complex nodes provides an economic effect.

Claims (1)

A radar consisting of a transmitter, a narrowly directed transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna with intersecting radiation patterns, a drive, a direction determining device, read-only memory, a subtractor and an indicator, where the output of the pulse transmitter is connected to the input of a narrowly directed transmitting antenna, which is rigidly connected to the drive, also connected to a receiving antenna with intersecting radiation patterns having an output connected to an input of a direction determining device, a group of outputs which is connected to the first group of indicator inputs and to the group of read-only memory inputs, characterized in that a direction and angle mark sensor with a second resolution is introduced, a survey start decoder, mark counter, a beam rotation decoder for its own width, a symmetric trigger, a delay line and an AND-OR element, while the direction and angle mark sensor with second resolution is rigidly connected to the drive and has a group of outputs connected to the second group of inputs of the subtractor and to the group of inputs of cheap a review start fractor whose output is connected to the input of a symmetric trigger having first and second outputs, respectively connected to the first and second inputs of read-only memory, the output group of which is connected to the first group of inputs of the subtractor, the group of outputs of which is connected to the second group of indicator inputs, and the aforementioned input of this trigger is also connected via a delay line to the first input of an AND-OR element having a second input connected to the second output of the symmetric trigger, and the third and fourth the second inputs of the AND-OR element are respectively connected to the output of the above-mentioned descrambler and the first output of the symmetric trigger, and the output of the AND-OR element is connected to the second input of the label counter, the first input of which is connected to the output of the direction sensor and angle marks with a second resolution, and the group of its outputs is connected to the group of inputs of the beam rotation decoder by the value of its own width, having an output connected to the input of the transmitter.

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