RU2401215C1 - Automotive antitheft system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: proposed system comprises crankshaft position transducer, control device and engine electronic control unit. It incorporates also immobiliser that includes input pulse and output pulse generators, electronic lock and mating key. Immobiliser shares one case with crankshaft position sensor. Control device comprises microprocessor, motion sensor, LED, electronic lock and stabiliser. Crankshaft position sensor with built-in immobiliser is arranged on the place of crankshaft position sensor and is connected to standard plug of engine electronic control unit. Control unit microprocessor is connected to immobiliser processor via data bus.

EFFECT: better protection against unauthorised access.

17 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the equipment of vehicles to prevent unauthorized starting of the engine for the purpose of unauthorized use or theft of the vehicle.

Currently, there are a large number of anti-theft devices, supplemented by immobilizers. As a rule, the immobilizers in them are presented in the form of separate devices designed to break any circuit of the car necessary for the successful start of the engine, such as powering the fuel pump, ignition, power to the injectors, and the engine sensor circuit. The designs of these devices are made with numerous external, often easily accessible connections, not protected from the surge of “direct wire”.

So, for example, a car security system is known (RU 2138412 C1, class B60R 25/04), which includes a transponder key, an immobilizer and an engine control unit.

The disadvantage of the system is easy access to the elements of the system. As a result of this, the attacker can simultaneously replace the engine control unit, immobilizer and wiring harness, after which the car can be stolen.

There is also a system of protection against unauthorized access for vehicles (RU 2123441 C1, class B60R 25/00), including a transponder key and a transponder key reader, an immobilizer and a set of switching devices for power supply circuits of the vehicle’s executive devices located on the vehicle.

The disadvantage of the system is easy access to control devices and the possibility of replacing them with conventional electromagnetic relays.

A car security system is also known (RU 2205118 C2, class B60R 25/04), in which an electric fuel pump and a fuel level sensor are used, combined in a fuel pump module with an electric block and placed in the car's fuel tank. The system also includes an engine control unit, a microimmobilizer with an electronic key and an immobilizer configured to communicate with the engine control unit and the microimmobilizer. The microimmobilizer is located in the fuel tank, and the power terminals of its electronic key are included in the open circuit of the fuel pump power circuit. At the same time, the microimmobilizer is connected to the immobilizer through the terminal block contact of the fuel pump module.

The known system is not reliable, since blocking the fuel pump does not preclude starting the vehicle engine in the presence of a backup power source for fuel (canister with gasoline with its own fuel pump), placing the microimmobilizer in an aggressive environment (gasoline) can lead to system failure.

In fact, in order to reliably protect the vehicle engine from unauthorized starting, it is necessary and sufficient to protect the crankshaft position sensor circuit, or two circuits (for cars, the electronic control unit of which has a bypass program for emergency engine start using signals from the camshaft sensor ) - the crankshaft position sensor circuit and the camshaft sensor circuit. It is with their help that the electronic engine control unit controls the electronic injection control system. The presence of other sensors (mass air flow, detonation, etc.) affects only power indicators and efficiency.

For example, a control system for an internal combustion engine (AS USSR 16650567) is known, including a gear disk for mounting on an engine shaft, position sensors at top dead center (TDC) and angular velocity associated with the control unit. Only one TDC mark is made on the disk. Using a starter, the crankshaft of the engine is rotated. Together with the shaft, a gear disk and the TDC mark on it rotate. The teeth of the disk interact with the sensors, which form the strobe pulses and transmit them to the control unit. After the impulse corresponding to the piston in the TDC has arrived from the TDC sensor. In the control unit, a program is started that controls the supply of fuel to the combustion chamber.

A disadvantage of the known system is the low degree of protection against unauthorized starting of the engine for the purpose of theft.

Also known is a control system of an internal combustion engine (AS USSR 1746017), including a gear disk for mounting on an engine shaft, a sensing sensor associated with a control unit. Only one TDC mark is made on the disk. When the crankshaft rotates, the sensing sensor generates strobe pulses corresponding to the angular position of the shaft. When the TDC mark interacts with the sensor, the latter generates the corresponding electrical pulse, which is recognized by the control unit as a pulse coming from the TDC mark. This pulse starts the corresponding control program.

A disadvantage of the known system is the low degree of protection against unauthorized starting of the engine for the purpose of theft.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed invention is an internal combustion engine control system protected by patent RU 2198314 C2, IPC F02D 41/18, F02D 41/34, publ. 02.10.03, adopted for the closest analogue (prototype).

The prototype system comprises a disk for mounting on the engine shaft, a sensing crankshaft position sensor associated with the electronic control unit, a top dead center mark and two additional top dead center marks are made on the disk, in a chain between the sensing crankshaft position sensor and the electronic control unit in series an immobilizer is made, including an output pulse shaper, a processor, an output pulse shaper, wherein the immobilizer processor is equipped with a qualifier awn access control system; eligibility determinant is made in the form of an electronic lock with a dynamic cryptocode and a response key.

The advantages and common features of a vehicle security system according to the prototype of the invention are that the locking of the crankshaft position sensor by means of an immobilizer configured to exchange data with the electronic engine control unit eliminates the possibility of replacing the electronic engine control unit in case of an attempt to unauthorized start the vehicle engine. In addition, the presence of a multi-digit electronic lock code and a response key also increases the degree of protection of the vehicle from unauthorized engine starting.

However, the device described as a prototype is not without drawbacks. The implementation of the immobilizer sequentially between the crankshaft position sensor and the electronic control unit does not exclude the possibility of removing false marks from the sensor signals read from the disk using hardware-software devices by sequentially sorting the marks.

The objective of the invention is the creation of an anti-theft system of a vehicle with a high degree of protection against unauthorized access and theft.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase reliability.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the anti-theft system of a vehicle containing a crankshaft position sensor, an electronic engine control unit, an immobilizer including an input pulse shaper, a processor, an output pulse shaper, an electronic lock and a response key, the immobilizer is made in one housing with a crankshaft position sensor , additionally, the anti-theft system of the vehicle contains a control device including a microprocessor, motion sensor, LED, electronic th lock, stabilizer, while the crankshaft position sensor with integrated immobilizer is installed in place of the standard crankshaft position sensor and connected to the standard connector of the vehicle engine electronic control unit, and the microprocessor of the control device is connected to the immobilizer processor built into the crankshaft position sensor via the data bus 13; the housing of the crankshaft position sensor with integrated immobilizer is fixed to the stall bolt; the part of the crankshaft position sensor housing, which protrudes beyond the dimensions of the vehicle’s engine, is multilayer: the inner layer is made of permalloy 1 mm thick, the outer layer is made of brass 1 mm thick, a dielectric layer 3 mm thick is made between the inner and outer layer; the control device is installed in the vehicle cabin in an easily accessible place and connected to the standard wiring of the vehicle at two points: housing and U _pit = + 12V; additionally 255 devices can be connected to the control device on the data bus 13; vehicle anti-theft system can be supplemented with an electromechanical hood lock and a GSM alert system; the data bus is three-wire; the data bus is made according to the 1-Wire protocol; as an electronic lock using a reader Touch Memory DS1990; the response key is made in the form of a keychain with an additional code button lock; as a response key, use the Touch Memory key; two different Touch Memory keys can be written to the control device; the vehicle anti-theft system may further comprise a second sensor with a built-in immobilizer; as a second sensor use a camshaft sensor; the immobilizer built into the camshaft sensor housing is an electronic circuit including a microprocessor; the camshaft sensor with built-in immobilizer is installed in place of the standard camshaft sensor and connected to the standard connector of the electronic engine control unit of the vehicle; in the absence of user authorization, it can operate in three modes.

Figure 1 shows the functional diagram of the anti-theft system of the vehicle.

Figure 2 shows the functional diagram of the anti-theft system of a vehicle with a second sensor with integrated immobilizer.

Structurally, the proposed anti-theft system of the vehicle in figure 1, 2 contains:

I - crankshaft position sensor with integrated immobilizer;

II - control device;

III - electronic engine control unit of the vehicle;

IV - camshaft sensor with integrated immobilizer.

The crankshaft position sensor with integrated immobilizer I in figure 1, 2 contains:

1 - crankshaft position sensor;

2 - shaper input pulses;

3 - microprocessor;

4 - shaper output pulses.

The camshaft sensor with integrated immobilizer IV of FIG. 2 contains:

5 - camshaft sensor;

6 - microprocessor.

The control device II in figure 1, 2 contains:

7 - microprocessor;

8 - motion sensor;

9 - electronic lock;

10 - LED;

11 - stabilizer;

12 - response key;

13 - data bus.

The immobilizer is made in one housing with a crankshaft position sensor 1.

The immobilizer built into the crankshaft position sensor 1 includes an input pulse shaper 2, a microprocessor 3, and an output pulse shaper 4.

The qualifier for access is made in the form of an electronic lock 9 and a response key 12.

The crankshaft position sensor with integrated immobilizer I is installed in place of the standard crankshaft position sensor and connected to the standard connector of the electronic control unit III of the vehicle engine.

The microprocessor 7 of the control device II is connected to the microprocessor 3 of the immobilizer built into the crankshaft position sensor 1 via a data bus 13.

The housing of the crankshaft position sensor with integrated immobilizer I is fixed, for example, to a stall bolt.

The part of the housing of the crankshaft position sensor 1, which protrudes beyond the dimensions of the vehicle engine, is multilayer: the inner layer is made of permalloy 1 mm thick, the outer layer is made of brass 1 mm thick, and a dielectric layer 3 mm thick is made between the inner and outer layers.

The control unit II is installed in the vehicle cabin in an easily accessible place and connected to the standard wiring of the vehicle at two points: the housing and U _pit = + 12V.

An additional 255 devices can be connected to control unit II on data bus 13.

The data bus 13 is made, for example, three-wire.

The data bus 13 is implemented, for example, according to the 1-Wire protocol.

As the electronic lock 9 use, for example, a reader Touch Memory DS1990.

As the response key 12, for example, a Touch Memory key is used.

For example, two different Touch Memory keys can be written to the memory of control unit II.

The vehicle anti-theft system can be supplemented, for example, with an electromechanical hood lock and a GSM warning system.

The anti-theft system of the vehicle may further comprise a second sensor with a built-in immobilizer.

As a second sensor, for example, a camshaft sensor 5 is used.

The immobilizer built into the camshaft sensor housing 5 includes a microprocessor 6.

The camshaft sensor with built-in immobilizer IV is installed in place of the standard camshaft sensor and connected to the standard connector of the electronic control unit III of the vehicle engine.

In the absence of user authorization, the vehicle anti-theft system can operate in three modes.

The response key 12 is made, for example, in the form of a keychain with an additional code button lock.

The assembly of the invention is as follows.

A crankshaft position sensor 1 and an immobilizer are made in one housing, including an input pulse shaper 2, a microprocessor 3, an output pulse shaper 4. A control device II is made containing a microprocessor 7, a motion sensor 8, an electronic lock 9, an LED 10, a stabilizer 11, a response key 12. The crankshaft position sensor with integrated immobilizer I is installed in place of the standard crankshaft position sensor and connected to the standard connector of the electronic control unit III of the vehicle engine Twa. The crankshaft position sensor with integrated immobilizer I is mounted, for example, on a stall bolt. The part of the housing of the crankshaft position sensor with integrated immobilizer I, which protrudes beyond the dimensions of the vehicle engine, is multilayer: the inner layer is made of permalloy 1 mm thick, the outer layer is made of brass 1 mm thick, and the dielectric layer 3 mm thick between the inner and outer layers. The control unit II is installed in the vehicle cabin in an easily accessible place and connected to the standard wiring of the vehicle at two points: the body and U _pit = + 12V. The microprocessor 3 of the crankshaft position sensor with an integrated immobilizer I and the microprocessor 6 of the control device II are connected using a three-wire data bus 13 by connecting wires of the same color: black - housing, red - +5 V, white - data bus. For example, 255 devices are additionally connected to control device II on data bus 13. The vehicle anti-theft system is provided, for example, with an electromechanical hood lock and a GSM warning system. The data bus 13 is, for example, three-wire. The data bus 13 is performed, for example, according to the 1-Wire protocol. As the electronic lock 9 use, for example, a reader Touch Memory DS1990. As the response key 12, for example, a Touch Memory key is used.

For cars equipped with a camshaft sensor and an electronic control unit, which has a bypass program for emergency engine start using signals from the camshaft sensor, the vehicle's anti-theft system is equipped with a second sensor with an integrated immobilizer. To do this, a camshaft sensor 5 and an immobilizer including a microprocessor 6 are manufactured in one housing. A camshaft sensor with a built-in immobilizer IV is installed in place of the standard camshaft sensor and connected to the standard connector of the electronic control unit III of the vehicle engine. The microprocessor 6 of the camshaft sensor with a built-in immobilizer IV is connected via a data bus 13 to the microprocessor 3 of the crankshaft position sensor with a built-in immobilizer 1 and to the microprocessor 7 of the control device II.

To initialize the system, two response keys 12 Touch Memory are recorded in the anti-theft system of the vehicle. To do this, briefly touch one of the response keys 12 of the electronic lock 9 of the control device II, while the LED 10 of the control device II turns off. Then touch the electronic lock 9 of the control device II with the second response key 12, while the LED 10 of the control device II will flash 1 or 2 times (depending on the number of installed sensors with built-in immobilizers). After initialization, the anti-theft device automatically adjusts to 2 operating modes.

The proposed anti-theft system works as follows.

Authorize the user by briefly touching the response key 12 of the electronic lock 9 of the control device II.

If after authorization the vehicle engine has not been started within 20 seconds, then authorization is canceled.

Start the engine of the vehicle. In this case, the crankshaft begins to rotate, the pulses from the crankshaft position sensor 1 are fed to the input pulse shaper 2, where they are converted to rectangular pulses that are fed to the input of the microprocessor 3. In the case of an authorized engine start, the rectangular input pulses are transmitted without change to the output pulse shaper 4, where they are converted into bipolar pulses and fed to the input of the electronic control unit III of the vehicle engine to generate injection control signals. If the microprocessor 3 has not received an authorization code from the control unit II for normal engine operation, then the operation of the crankshaft position sensor with the built-in immobilizer I will depend on the selected operating mode.

In the case when the vehicle anti-theft system contains a second camshaft sensor 5 with an integrated immobilizer, when the engine is authorized to start, the camshaft starts to rotate, the signals from the camshaft sensor 5 are fed to the input of the electronic control unit III of the vehicle engine to generate injection control signals. If microprocessor 6 has not received an authorization code for normal engine operation from control unit II, then the operation of the camshaft sensor with built-in immobilizer IV will depend on the selected operating mode.

The proposed anti-theft device of the vehicle in the absence of user authorization can operate in three modes.

The first mode is for cars that do not use autostart. In this mode, starting the engine without authorization is not possible.

The second mode is designed for cars that have the ability to automatically start the engine. In the second mode, in the absence of authorization, the engine starts, but the system remains in armed mode and the engine stalls if the gas pedal is pressed or the car starts to move.

The third mode is designed to disable the anti-theft system, for example, to transfer the vehicle to a service station.

If the first mode is selected, the transmission of signals from the crankshaft position sensor 1 and from the camshaft sensor 5 to the electronic control unit III of the vehicle engine will be blocked and the vehicle engine will not start.

If the second mode is selected, the passage of signals from the crankshaft position sensor 1 and from the camshaft sensor 5 to the electronic control unit III of the vehicle engine will be blocked under the following conditions:

- an attempt to move off;

- increase engine speed over a certain value;

- data bus break 13.

After the vehicle engine stops completely, the operability of the crankshaft position sensor 1 and the camshaft sensor 5 is restored after the next user authorization.

In the third mode, the vehicle anti-theft system is disabled and does not affect engine operation.

Switching between modes occurs while holding the response key 12 in the electronic lock 9 of the control device II for more than 5 seconds. In this case, the LED 10 of the control device II sequentially emits 1, 2 or 3 flashes corresponding to the selected mode. Holding the response key 12 in the electronic lock 9 of the control device II for more than 30 s will reset the response keys 12 recorded in the memory of the control device II. This may be necessary if the response key 12 is lost or broken. At the same time, the LED 10 of the control unit II remains on until the next initialization of the system.

Implementation of a crankshaft position sensor in one housing with a built-in immobilizer and in a single camshaft sensor housing with a built-in immobilizer, their installation in place of standard crankshaft position sensors and a camshaft sensor, their mounting on a shear bolt make it impossible to dismantle them, bypassing with standard means (wire closure, surge direct wire, installation of a "spider"), which helps to increase the reliability of the anti-theft device of the vehicle.

In addition, the use of the original dialogue algorithm for encrypting access permission keys also increases the reliability of the anti-theft system of the vehicle.

Claims (16)

1. The vehicle anti-theft system, comprising a crankshaft position sensor, a vehicle engine electronic control unit, an immobilizer with an input pulse shaper, a processor, an output pulse shaper, an electronic lock and a response key, characterized in that the immobilizer is made in one housing with a crankshaft position sensor The vehicle anti-theft system further comprises a control device including a microprocessor, a motion sensor, an LED, an electronic a lock, a stabilizer, while the crankshaft position sensor with an integrated immobilizer is installed in place of the standard crankshaft position sensor and connected to the standard connector of the vehicle engine electronic control unit, and the microprocessor of the control device is connected to the immobilizer processor via the data bus. 2. The anti-theft system of the vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the crankshaft position sensor with integrated immobilizer is fixed to the stall bolt. 3. The vehicle anti-theft system according to claim 2, characterized in that the part of the crankshaft position sensor housing protruding beyond the dimensions of the vehicle engine is multilayer: the inner layer is made of permalloy 1 mm thick, the outer layer is made of brass 1 mm thick, between the inner and outer layers made of a dielectric layer with a thickness of 3 mm 4. The vehicle anti-theft system according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device is installed in the vehicle cabin in an easily accessible place and connected to the vehicle's standard wiring at two points: the casing and U _pit = + 12B. 5. The vehicle anti-theft system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is supplemented by an electromechanical hood lock and a GSM alert system. 6. The anti-theft system of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the data bus is three-wire. 7. The vehicle anti-theft system according to claim 1, characterized in that the data bus is made according to the 1-Wire protocol. 8. The vehicle anti-theft system according to claim 1, characterized in that the Touch Memoiy DS 1990 reader is used as an electronic lock. 9. The anti-theft system of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the response key is made in the form of a keychain with an additional code button lock. 10. The vehicle anti-theft system according to claim 1, characterized in that the Touch Memory key is used as a response key. 11. The anti-theft system of a vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that two different Touch Memory keys are recorded in the control device. 12. The anti-theft system of a vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a second sensor with a built-in immobilizer. 13. The vehicle anti-theft system according to claim 12, characterized in that the camshaft sensor is used as the second sensor. 14. The vehicle anti-theft system according to item 13, wherein the immobilizer built into the camshaft sensor housing is an electronic circuit including a microprocessor. 15. The vehicle anti-theft system according to item 13, wherein the camshaft sensor with integrated immobilizer is installed in place of the standard camshaft sensor and connected to the standard connector of the vehicle engine electronic control unit. 16. The vehicle anti-theft system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the absence of user authorization, it can operate in three modes: in the first mode, designed for cars that do not use autostart, in the second mode, designed for cars on which autorun feature is implemented, and in the third mode, designed to disable the anti-theft system.

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