RU2400264C1 - Device for combined transcranial physiotherapy - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: device contains hamlet in form of fabric wrap on which placed are sources of magnetic field, electrically connected via pulse distributor with power unit. Into it additionally transverse straps included are generator of high-frequency bipolar pulses, electronic interrupter, transverse straps and current-conducting elements. Current-conducting elements are installed on one of free parts of wrap with possibility of travel on wrap, transverse straps are fixed to other free part of wrap with possibility of mutual rigid fixation of their free ends. Each strap is provided with at least one current-conducting element, current-conducting elements respectively on wrap and straps are electrically connected with each other and are connected via electronic interrupter with outlet of generator of high-frequency bipolar pulses, whose inlet is connected with power unit.

EFFECT: application of claimed device allows to stimulate deep structures.

6 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to medical equipment, and can be used in combination with transcranial physiotherapy for the treatment of diseases associated with impaired cerebral circulation and dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary structures of the brain (cognitive, neuroendocrine, discirculatory encephalopathies, psychosomatic and other disorders).

A device is known for physiotherapeutic low-frequency electromagnetic exposure, combining synchronous exposure to a low-intensity alternating magnetic field and radiation from an injection low-intensity laser. The device contains a master oscillator that generates short rectangular pulses with a repetition rate (80 + 5); 132 and 147 Hz, a counting trigger, an emitter follower block connected between the output of the master oscillator and the input of the counting trigger, a constant voltage supply block, electromagnetic inductors connected in series, power amplifiers whose inputs are connected to the counter output, and the output to inductors, laser sources radiation, made in the form of injection semiconductor laser diodes, blocks of regulators of power supply modes of laser diodes, each of which is connected to the first input of the corresponding laser diode, blocks for powering the gates of laser diodes, each of which is connected to the output of the emitter follower block by an input and to the gate input of the corresponding laser diode by the output. Moreover, each electromagnetic inductor and laser diode are combined into a single structural element. Moreover, the inductor winding is wound on a dielectric frame, inside of which is placed a movable core made with a through longitudinal hole in which a laser diode is installed (RF patent No. 2240154, class A61N 2/00, A61N 5/06. Publ. 20.11.2004 g.).

A disadvantage of the known device is the rapid attenuation of laser radiation in human tissues, which does not allow affecting the deep structures of the brain. And this reduces the effectiveness of treatment with this device.

Also known transcranial electrostimulator (options) and a device for attaching electrodes of transcranial electrostimulator.

In option 1, the transcranial electric stimulator includes a generator with an exposure frequency of 77 ± 7.0 Hz, an output current level regulator, an output current meter, a voltage stabilizer, a battery, four electrodes, pulse generators with an exposure frequency of 10 ± 1.0 Hz and an exposure frequency of 500 ± 50.0 Hz, a smoothing filter, a key one, a key two, a device for attaching electrodes and a master oscillator with a transformer amplifier connected to a rectifier. The output of the power battery is connected to the input of the voltage regulator, the output of the voltage stabilizer is connected to the inputs of the output current level regulator, pulse generators, and the master oscillator. The output of the output current level controller is connected to the input of the key two, the outputs of the pulse generators are connected to the input of the key one. The rectifier output is connected to the second input of the key one, the output of which is connected to the output current meters and electrodes, the output of the key two is connected to the input of the smoothing filter, the output of which is connected to the transformer amplifier.

In option 2, the transcranial electric stimulator includes a generator with an exposure frequency of 77 ± 7.0 Hz, an output current level regulator, a voltage stabilizer, a battery, four electrodes, pulse generators with an exposure frequency of 10 ± 1.0 Hz and an exposure frequency of 500 ± 50.0 Hz, a smoothing filter, a key one, a key two, a device for attaching electrodes, a master oscillator with a transformer amplifier connected to a rectifier, a personal computer, a standard PC-LPT interface, a switch and three galvanic optocouplers. The output of the power battery is connected to the input of the voltage regulator, the output of the voltage stabilizer is connected to the inputs of the output current level regulator, pulse generators, and the master oscillator. The rectifier output is connected to the second key input one, the output of which is connected to the output current meter and electrodes. The output of the key two is connected to the input of the smoothing filter connected to the transformer amplifier, the input of the switch is connected to the outputs of three pulse generators, and its output is connected to the input of the key one. In this case, the PC is connected via the standard PC-LPT port interface and the optocoupler galvanic isolation to the switch.

A device for attaching electrodes of a transcranial electric stimulator includes a headband in the form of a helmet, consisting of brackets of spring band steel in the form of arcs curved along the radius and repeating the shape of the head, and electrodes attached to it. The brackets are equipped with holes, clamps and grooves for mounting and moving the electrodes. And the electrodes are made in the form of plates, closed on top with covers made of electrical insulation material. In this case, the electrodes are movably mounted in the grooves of the holders by means of tides on the covers (RF patent No. 2297253, class A61N 1/36, A61N 1/32, A61N 1/04. Publ. 04/20/2007).

But this device is not effective enough due to the lack of the ability to conduct combined procedures.

Closest to the proposed in its technical essence is a device for magnetotherapy, containing magnetic field sources placed on a helmet consisting of a cloth hoop made with the ability to change and fix the size, and a cloth strip connected in the form of an arc, a switching power supply and a distributor pulses. As sources of the magnetic field, solenoids placed in two non-magnetic housings with a one-sided concave surface, mounted at the ends of the arc-shaped plate diametrically opposed to each other with concave surfaces facing each other, were selected. In this case, the solenoids are mounted on a curved base made of ferromagnetic material placed on the polar concave surface of the housing, and their number in each housing is the same. The arcuate plate is made of elastic metal and bonded to a cloth hoop, and oppositely and symmetrically located solenoids are pairwise electrically connected through a pulse distributor to the corresponding output of a switching power supply (RF patent for utility model No. 58043, class A61N 2/02. Publ. 10.11. 2006).

However, this device is not effective enough due to the lack of the ability to conduct combined procedures.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of diseases associated with impaired cerebral circulation and dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary structures of the brain (cognitive, neuroendocrine, discirculatory encephalopathies, psychosomatic and other disorders).

The problem is solved in that in a device for combined transcranial physiotherapy, containing a helmet in the form of a cloth hoop, which houses magnetic field sources electrically connected through a pulse distributor with a power supply, an additional generator of high-frequency bipolar pulses, an electronic chopper, transverse straps and conductive wires are additionally introduced elements. In this case, the conductive elements are mounted on one of the free parts of the hoop with the ability to move around the hoop, and the transverse straps are attached to the other free part of the hoop with the possibility of mutual rigid fixation of their free ends. Moreover, each strap is equipped with at least one conductive element, and the conductive elements on the hoop and straps, respectively, are electrically connected to each other and connected through an electronic chopper to the output of the high-frequency bipolar pulse generator, the input of which is connected to the power supply.

The introduced generator of high-frequency bipolar pulses stimulates brain structures by activating the motor ability of neurons in its neural network.

The introduced electronic interrupter provides pulsating (modulated) stimulation of the neural network with adjustable modulation frequency and the possibility of selecting its optimal values, which increases the efficiency of the device, since the modulated pulse effect is biologically more efficient than unmodulated.

Introduced conductive elements mounted on one of the free parts of the hoop with the ability to move around the hoop provide impact in the frontal region during transcranial electrical stimulation, along with providing conditions for choosing the optimal position of the current leads and reliable electrical contact with the patient’s skin.

The electrical connection of the conductive elements between the hoop and the straps, respectively, and the connection through an electronic chopper with the output of the high-frequency bipolar pulse generator, the input of which is connected to the power supply, implements the operation of that part of the device that provides transcranial electrical stimulation according to the front-mastoid technique.

Introduced transverse straps attached to another free part of the hoop with the possibility of mutual rigid fixation of their free ends, and equipped with at least one conductive element, ensure reliable contact of the current leads in the mastoid region (mastoid processes) with the maximum comfort of the procedure.

The technical result consists in stimulating the deep structures of the brain, including the hypothalamic-pituitary region, which is responsible for synchronizing the work of various systems in the body and restoring impaired homeostasis, accompanied by an improvement in the bioelectric activity of the brain, indicators of the autonomic nervous system, etc.

The drawing shows the inventive device for combined transcranial physiotherapy, General view.

The device comprises a helmet in the form of a fabric hoop 1, on which magnetic field sources 2 are placed, electrically connected through a pulse distributor 3 with a power supply 4, a high-frequency bipolar pulse generator 5, an electronic chopper 6, transverse straps 7 and conductive elements 8, 9. In this case conductive elements 8 are mounted on one of the free parts of the hoop 1 with the possibility of movement along it. And the transverse straps 7 are attached to another free part of the hoop 1 with the possibility of mutual rigid fixation of their free ends. Each strap 7 is equipped with at least one conductive element 9. Moreover, the conductive elements 8, 9 respectively on the hoop 1 and straps 7 are electrically connected to each other and connected through an electronic chopper 6 to the output 10 of the high-frequency bipolar pulse generator 5, the input 11 of which is connected with a power supply 4. The conductive elements 8, 9 are made in the form of metal plates with current leads 12, 13 facing each other. The number of conductive elements 8 on the hoop 1 is set to at least two, the number of conductive elements 9 on the straps 7, the number of which is at least two, is the same.

The device is used as follows.

The helmet in the form of a fabric hoop 1 is assembled on the patient’s head so that the conductive elements 8 are on the frontal surface of the patient’s head, the magnetic field 2 is in the temporal-occipital region, and the elements 9 are in the area of the mastoid processes. In this case, the free ends of the straps 7 are fixed in the chin area with a latch, for example, such as "Velcro". After turning on the power supply 4, the generator of high-frequency bipolar pulses 5 and the pulse distributor 3, the magnetic field sources (solenoids) 2 are alternately supplied with power, causing excitation and movement of the magnetic field in the temporal-occipital region of the patient. In this case, the electronic chopper 6 provides the supply of packets of high-frequency pulses simultaneously to two pairs of conductive elements 8, 9. During the operation of the device, the currents flowing in the brain tissue between the conductive elements 8 and 9 interact with the currents induced in the deeper structures of the brain due to the emf self-induction arising from the movement of a magnetic field inside the conductive tissues of the brain, which provides effective treatment of diseases associated with cerebrovascular accident and hypotension Alamo-pituitary structures of the brain.

At the applicant enterprise, technical documentation was developed and a pilot industrial sample was made, which was tested in a number of medical institutions.

During clinical trials, three groups of patients with different nosology of clinical diagnosis were formed: 1 - degree II-III discirculatory encephalopathy (DE) (age 42-55 years), which developed against the background of mild traumatic brain injury (BLMT); 2 - vegetovascular dystonia (VVD) in children (age 12-17 years) against the background of type 1 diabetes mellitus; 3 - partial atrophy of the optic nerve (ChASN) of traumatic and vascular origin (age 46-58 years).

In each group, patients were divided into three subgroups (similar in age, severity and prescription of the disease) depending on the nature of the prescribed transcranial physiotherapy. Subgroup A received transcranial magnetotherapy using a prototype device with the following parameters: field intensity (induction) of 35-45 mT, exposure frequency of 50 Hz, modulation frequency of 1-10 Hz with a change in this range along the increase during the course (10 sessions). Exposure time 10-15 minutes. Subgroup B received transcranial electrical stimulation by the fronto-mastoid technique using the claimed device with the magnetic field emitters turned off and the following parameters of electrical stimulation: current intensity 10-20 mA, frequency of the acting current 2.5 kHz, modulation frequency 10 Hz. A course of 10 sessions, an exposure of 10-20 minutes. Subgroup B received combined transcranial physiotherapy using the proposed device with the parameters specified for groups A and B.

The parameters of cerebral blood flow were analyzed using rheoencephalography (REG) and the bioelectric activity of the brain using electroencephalography (EEG). The computer complex Encephan-lan-131-03 was used.

Using REG, we determined the relative value of pulse blood supply (rheographic index - RI), the tone of small-caliber vessels (dicretic index - CI), venous outflow (diastolic index - CI) in the pool of vertebral arteries. Using EEG, the total spectrum power (OMS) was determined mainly due to the spectral power of the α rhythm (norm 50-130 μV ² / Hz).

In patients with partial atrophy of the optic nerve, the change in visual acuity during treatment was additionally investigated.

All patients were monitored for clinical signs of the disease before and after treatment.

The results of measurements of the average values of REG, EEG and visual acuity with PRAS in the dynamics (before and after treatment) are summarized in table. It can be seen that in all three nosolic groups, changes in the studied parameters in subgroups B (treatment with the proposed device) significantly differ from those in subgroups A and B. Thus, the rheographic index (RI) in 1B, 2B and 3B increased after treatment, respectively, by 44; 31 and 26%, while in subgroups 1A; 2A; 3A and 1B; 2B; 3B increase ranged from 10 to 15%. This is also characteristic of other blood flow parameters - CI; DSI.

Change in the average hemodynamics, bioelectric activity of the brain and visual function, depending on the treatment method Indicator Groups, Subgroups 1st (n = 90) DE 2nd (n = 86) VSD 3rd (n-94) PRIVACY A (n = 30) B (n-29) In (n-31) A (n = 28) B (n = 26) In (n = 32) A (n = 31) B (n = 32) In (n = 31) REG in the pool of the vertebral artery RI

DI

DSI

EEG - total spectrum power, μV ² / Hz

Visual acuity in ChASN

Note. In the numerator - before treatment, in the denominator - after treatment.
* Statistical significance parameter p <0.05.

The change in these indicators in subgroups B was characterized, as a rule, by an additive (total) effect in relation to subgroups A and B.

Increase in the total power of the EEG spectrum in subgroups 1B; 2B and 3B as a result of treatment with the proposed device was 41, respectively; 35 and 43%, while in subgroups 1A; 2A and 3A, as well as 1B; 2B and 3B, this increase was 28; 29 and 22%, as well as 16; 20 and 18% respectively.

The dynamics of visual functions in patients with CHAS in subgroup 3B was equal to the total effect obtained in 3A and 3B.

Clinically, in patients with hypertension, a decrease in blood pressure was observed in all subgroups, complaints of patients about poor sleep, irritability, sweating, and meteosensitivity stopped or decreased. Improved mood, psychosomatic status, physical and mental activity.

Claims (6)

1. A device for combined transcranial physiotherapy, containing a helmet in the form of a cloth hoop, on which there are magnetic field sources electrically connected through a pulse distributor with a power supply, characterized in that it also includes a high-frequency bipolar pulse generator, an electronic chopper, transverse straps and conductive elements, while the conductive elements are mounted on one of the free parts of the hoop with the ability to move around the hoop, and attached transverse straps are connected to the other free part of the hoop with the possibility of mutual rigid fixation of their free ends, each strap equipped with at least one conductive element, and the conductive elements respectively on the hoop and straps are electrically connected to each other and connected through an electronic chopper to the output of the high-frequency bipolar pulse generator, the input of which is connected to the power supply. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive elements are made in the form of a metal plate with a current lead. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the current leads are facing each other. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of conductive elements on the hoop is set to at least two. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of conductive elements on the straps is the same. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of straps is at least two.

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