RU23998U1 - AUTOMATED WORKPLACE OF THE AIR TRAFFIC OPERATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An automated workstation of an air traffic control operator, consisting of a specialized electronic computer (COMPUTER) compatible with an IBM PC, containing a system unit with a set of standard modules, a monitor, a keyboard, a ball manipulator, and also an additional mathematical accelerator (MA) module, a local area network adapter (LAN) module, a module for interfacing with tank navigation equipment (TNA) and a communication channel of an automated data transmission system (ASPD-U), the first inputs and outputs of which s are connected to the ISA bus of the specialized computer system unit, and the second inputs of the adapter module of the local area network with the first inputs and outputs of the device, the input, the second and third inputs and outputs of the interface module with TNA and ASPD-U are connected respectively to the first input and the second and third inputs and outputs of the device, multi-channel data transmission equipment (MAPD), the first input-output of which is connected to the input-output RS-232C of the system unit of a specialized computer, and the second inputs and outputs - with the fourth inputs and outputs of the device, module telegraph channel adapter, the first input-output of which is connected to the RS-232C input-output of a specialized computer system unit, and the second input-output is connected to the device’s fourth inputs and outputs, characterized in that the workstation additionally contains first and second remote interface units with a radar station (radar) and a mobile radio altimeter (PRV), the inputs of which are connected respectively to the fifth and sixth inputs of the device, a module for interfacing with external units, the first input-output of which is connected to

Description

AUTOMATED WORKPLACE OF THE AIR TRAFFIC OPERATOR

Technical field

This technical solution relates to digital computing, namely, to digital computing systems for processing radar information and can be used in air traffic control points to provide automated acquisition of coordinates of airborne objects (AT) when working with analog radar stations and tracking VO tracks according to radar and interacting control points.

Technical level

A similar hardware-software complex of the mobile control center 11U-12M (product 9S482M) is known (see, for example, S.I. Petukhov, I, V. Shestov. History of the creation and development of weapons and military equipment of the Air Defense Forces of Russia, defense industry publishing house, Moscow, 1998, part I, pp. 263-264) and the mobile radar information processing center PORI-P2 (item 9C467-2) (see ibid., Part I, pp. 164-169).

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various types of radar stations (RLS), manually entering the coordinates of airborne objects (BO), setting the BO for tracking and exchanging data from the radar situation with interacting objects via telecode communication lines.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed technical solution is the hardware-software complex of the mobile control center PU-12M (product 9S482M).

The hardware and software complex of the PU-12M product includes: a calculator (electronic computer (hard drive) with a hard program), to the inputs of which are connected two telecode receivers of data on HE, receiving information from a higher and interacting control center (PU), two television transmitters , the coordinate sensor of the topographic location of the product, the input of which receives signals of coordinate increment HTP, UtP from the course-laying device, a control panel and entering characteristics of targets, a manual manipulator - marker coordinate sensor indicator Omnidirection (PPI) and Resolver unit receivers, connected to the encoder azimuthal position of the radar antenna.

The input of the IKO adapter is connected to the computer output, which converts the codes arriving at it into coordinate voltages and backlight pulses to form a secondary air situation on the IKO screen.

Sawtooth voltages proportional to the sine and cosine of the current azimuth of the radar antenna are fed to the second input of the IKO adapter from the sync-receiver unit.

From the outputs of the adapter to the coordinate inputs of the IRF, the sweep voltages, coordinates of the targets and velocity vectors are received, and to the inputs of the highlights - the illumination of the secondary marks of the targets, their characteristics, vectors. The signals of the echo sub-board and the general recognition signal from the radar will be dumbed to the second inputs of the IOK tips, creating a combined primary and secondary radar situation on the IKO screen.

When working in the parking lot, the 11U-12M is connected by a set of quels to an analog radar (type P15, P19, P40, etc.). The radar echo backlight signals are connected directly to the input of the IRF, the sweep voltage along the X, Y coordinates is transmitted to the IRF from the IRF adapter.

In the same way it is interfaced with radar and PORI-112.

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are:

lack of automatic input of coordinates in computer;

low productivity and low accuracy of manual input of VO coordinates. An operator can accompany no more than 3-5 traces, because from performs a visual search for targets on the IKO screen and manually enters the coordinates of the targets in the computer, combining the marker with the primary marks on the IKO screen;

the need to use multi-core (two cables) and high-frequency cables (3-4 cables) 150-300 m long for interfacing with the radar;

insufficient number of channels for receiving telecode information;

a large amount of equipment due to the use of single-channel blocks of equipment for transmitting data (ADF) Irtysh, which does not allow you to place the required number of equipment in mobile air traffic control centers;

the difficulty of connecting the Irtysh AVD to a computer, because T235-1L APD Irtish blocks have a parallel interface incompatible with IBM PC and special adapters are required to connect to a computer.

Utility Model Essence

The well-known workstation of an air traffic control operator consists of a specialized electronic computer (COMPUTER) compatible with an IBM PC, containing a system unit with a set of standard modules, a monitor, a keyboard, a ball manipulator, as well as additional mathematical accelerator (MA) module, an adapter module local area network (LAN), a module for interfacing with tank navigation equipment (TNA) and a communication channel of an automated data transmission system (ASPD-U), the first input-output which are connected to the ISA bus of the system unit of a specialized computer, and the second inputs of the local area network adapter module with the first inputs and outputs of the device, the input, the second and third inputs and outputs of the interface module with the TNA and ASPD-U are connected respectively to the first input and the second and third inputs and outputs of the device, multi-channel data transmission equipment (MAPD), the first input-output of which is connected to the input-output RS-232C of the system unit of a specialized computer, and the second inputs and outputs with the fourth inputs and outputs of the device, ul telegraph channel adapter whose first input-output is connected with input-output of RS-232C specialized computer system unit, and the second input-output with the fourth input-output device.

The purpose of the present, its technical solution is:

providing automatic input of coordinates of airborne objects from remote analog radar stations (radars) or mobile radio altimeters (PRV);

the number of channels for receiving and transmitting data.

To obtain this technical result, the known automated location further comprises first and second remote interface units with a radar station and a mobile radio altimeter (PRV), the inputs of which are connected to the fifth and sixth inputs of the device, an interface module with external units, the first input-output which is connected to the second input-output module of the mathematical accelerator, and the second and third input-output with inputs and outputs, respectively, of the first and second remote units is paired I radar.

The remote interface unit with the radar station contains a first low-pass filter, the input of which is connected to the ECHO input from the radar station, a differential amplifier, two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the first low-pass filter and ECHO input from the radar station, an analog-to-digital converter of the ECHO signal, the input of which is connected to the output of the differential amplifier, a digital filter, the input of which is connected to the output of an analog-to-digital signal converter ECHO, a comparator, two inputs are separated respectively from the IDENTIFICATION inputs and the cut-offs from the radar station, the reference frequency generator, the radar distance meter Sch01, the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the reference frequency generator and the FROM input from the radar station, the transmitter distance Schr2 counter, the first input of which is connected to the input FROM the radar station, the reference voltage generator, the output of which is connected to the output of the reference radar station, the first shift register, the first state register, exit for which it is connected to the first input of the first motor register, the angle-to-code converter of coarse reference voltages (GO) and accurate reference (TO) to the azimuth code (ADC-A), two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the reference voltage generator and the input of GO, TO from the radar station, and the output with the first input of the first shift register, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC SUM) of the elevation sine, the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the reference voltage generator and the input sin s from the radar station, and the output with the first input of the first shift register, the first two-port random access memory, the four inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of a digital filter, a comparator, a distance meter Сч01 radar and a distance meter СчВ2 transmitter, the first transmitter (PRD1), the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the first two-port random access memory and the first shift register, and the first output is connected to the second inputs of the counter SC02 of the distance of the transmitter and the first shift register, the first output linear transformer, the input of which is connected to the output of the first transmitter (PRD1), and the output with the input of the interface module with external units, the first input linear transformer, whose input is connected to the output of the interface module with external units, the first receiver, the inputs of which are connected to the output the first input linear transformer, the azimuth setting register (RgUA) PRV, the input of which is connected to the output of the first receiver, the command register (RgK), the input of which is connected to the output of the first receiver, adder (ОМА), dv the input of which is connected respectively to the output of the angle-code converter (ADC-A) of the GO and TO voltages in the azimuth code and the azimuth setting register, the first digital-to-analog converter (DAC1) of the azimuth mismatch code, the input of which is connected to the adder output (СМА), the amplifier power, the input of which is connected to the output of the first digital-to-analog converter, and the output with input 60 to the PRV, the relay unit, the input of which is connected to the output of the command register (RGK), and the output with the input of the NRZ mode to the terrestrial radio interrogator (NGO).

The module for interfacing with external units in each of the two channels contains a second input linear transformer (BxT2), the input of which is connected to the output (MK) of the external unit, a second receiver, the input of which is connected to the output of the second input linear transformer, the second shift register, the first and second the inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the second receiver, a range counter, the input of which is connected to the second output of the second shift register, the second random access memory, the first two inputs and which is connected respectively with the output of the range counter and the first output of the second receiver, an adder of the number of marks, two inputs of which are connected respectively with the first output of the second receiver and the output of the second random access memory, and the output with the third input of the second random access memory, the control circuit, the input of which connected to the output of the adder of the number of marks, and the first output to the input of the mathematical accelerator module, the output multiplexer, the five inputs of which are connected to responsibly with the outputs of the second shift register, range counter, totalizer of the number of marks, the second and third outputs of the control circuit, and the output with the input of the mathematical accelerator module, the command transfer register, two inputs

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which is connected to the inputs The commands and data of the mathematical accelerator module were entered, the azimuth transfer register, two inputs of which are connected to the data and the azimuth record of the mathematical accelerator module, the second transmitter, the input of which is connected to the outputs of the command transfer register and the azimuth transfer register, the second linear output a transformer, the input of which is connected to the output of the second transmitter, and the output to the input of the multiplex channel of the remote interface unit with the radar station.

List of figures, drawings and other materials

In Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an automated workstation of an air traffic control operator;

In FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a remote interface unit with a radar station and a mobile radio altimeter;

In FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of one channel of an interface module with remote units;

In FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a module for interfacing with tank navigation equipment (TNA) and a communication channel of an automated data transmission system (ASPD-U);

In FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of multi-channel data transmission equipment.

An example embodiment of the device

The automated workstation of the control operator in (traffic jamming (Fig. 1) contains two remote units 1 for interfacing with a radar station (radar) and a mobile radio height of 2 jC.

- 8 measure (PRV), a specialized electronic computer 2, a module for interfacing with external units 3, a module for a mathematical accelerator 4, a module for interfacing with tank navigation equipment (TNA) and a communication channel for an automated data transmission system (ASPD-U) 5, an adapter module local area network (LAN) 6, monitor 7, keyboard 8, trackball 9, multichannel data communications equipment (MIA) 10, adapter module for telegraph channel 11, connection to a radar station or mobile radio height omer 12, the connection circuit to the tank navigation equipment 13, the communication channel of the automated data transmission system ASSC-U 14, the communication channel of the Irtysh type 15, the local area network circuit 16, multiplex channels (MK) 17 connections to remote units, communication channels for exchange telecode and telegraph information 18.

The remote unit 1 for interfacing with a radar station and a mobile radio1kh) tomer (Fig. 2) contains the first low-pass filter (low-pass filter) 19, di (| x |) differential amplifier (DU) 20, and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC ECHO) 21 of the signal echo, digital filter (CF) 22, comparator 23, reference frequency generator (HEP) 24, radar distance counter (СЧВ1) 25, first two-port operational memory; its device (RAM1) 26, transmitter distance counter (Сч02) 27, reference generator voltage (GON) 28, the first state register (РгС1) 29, the angle-code converter (ADC-A) on GO TO arresters and in azimuth code 30, an analog-digital converter (ADC MSA) 31 sinus elevation, a first shift register (pr1) 32, a first transmitter (Tx1) 33, a first output line transformer (VyhT) 34, a first input line

- 9 transformer (BxTl) 35, first receiver (PRM1) 36, azimuth register (PrgUA) PRV 37, command register (PrgK) 38, adder (СМА) 39, the difference between the current azimuth and azimuth of the PRV installation, the first digital-to-analog the converter (DAC1) 40 azimuth mismatch code, the amplifier bridges (PA) 41 and the relay unit 42.

The module for interfacing with the remote units 3 (Fig. 3) contains a second input linear transformer (BxT2) 43, a second receiver (PRM2) 44, a second shift register (Рг2) 45, a range counter (СЧД) 46, and a second random access memory (RAM2) 47, the adder of the number of marks () 48, the control circuit 49, the output multiplexer 50, the command transfer register (RgPK) 51, the azimuth transfer register (RgPA) 52, the second transmitter (PRD2) 53 and the second output linear transformer (OutT2) 54.

The module for interfacing with tank navigation equipment and a communication channel of automated data transfer system 5 (Fig. 4) contains an address selector 55, buffer data shapers 56, interrupt controller 57, a crystal oscillator (G) 58, the first register of the operating mode (РрР1) 59, the first frequency divider (D1) 60, counter with decoder (SD) 61, third two-port random access memory (RAM) 62, data multiplexer (MPD) 63, band-pass filter (PF) 64, driver of a correction signal (FCC) 65, second mode register work (РрР2) 66, register amp output signal density (РГА) 67, second digital-to-analog converter (ЦА112) 68, phase modulator (Ш) 69, amplifier (У) 70, third output transformer (VykhTZ) 71, third input transformer (ВхТЗ) 72, automatic adjustment unit amplification (UARU) 73, phase detector (PD) 74, second low-pass filter (LPF2) 75, pulse shaper (FI) 76, register

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- 10 data (RGD) 77, amplifier-limiter (UO) 78, the node for forming the reference voltage (UVON) 79, the second frequency divider (D2) 80, the node clock synchronization (TCB) 81, the node cyclic synchronization (ZCHS) 82, the fourth dual-port random access memory (RAM 4) 83, the second state register (RGC2) 84, the first, second, third, fourth (FI1-FI4) pulse limiters 85, 86, 87, 88, the first and second (PC1 and PC2) reversible pulse counters 89, 90, the first and second (RGX and RGU) registers increments of coordinates 91, 92.

Multichannel data transmission equipment 10 (Fig. 5) contains the terminal node 93, the first and second registration nodes 94, 95, the first (nth) node of the transmitters 96, the first (nth) node of the receivers 97, the first (nth) the node of the switches of digital signals 98, the nodes of the analog-to-digital converters 99, the nodes of the amplifier-filters 100, the nodes of the switches of the analog signals 101, the node of the transformers 102, the node of the conversion of signals 103, the node of modulators and attenuator 104.

The automated workstation of the air traffic control operator (AWP ATC) is intended for the automated solution of the tasks of processing radar information (RJ) coming from analog radar stations and radar stations of the automated air traffic control system (ACS VD).

AWP ATC provides the following tasks:

converting analog information about the air situation from two radars or from a radar and a mobile radio altimeter (PRV) into digital form, transmitting it via a multiplex channel (cable RK-75 or KVSF-75) to an AWP computer for processing;

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- 11 separation of the coordinates of airborne objects (AT) from the RG, displaying the HE on the monitor screen and setting them for tracking when pairing the AWP with two analog radars or PRV. The number of escort aircraft accompanied by at least 100. Removal of AWS from the radar - up to 200 m. The radius of the processing of the RJ - from 75 to 300 km (75, 100, 150, 200, 300 km) with a resolution of 1/750 radius;

control of operating modes of ground-based radio interrogators (NRZ);

reception and processing of general identification data;

radio altimeter control (issuing directions in azimuth);

identification of RZh from the radar and points ACS VD (up to 8 points);

solving the problems of enlargement (grouping) of HE;

receiving and issuing data on the air situation at ACS VD points via real-time communication channels;

registration of input and output information with the possibility of subsequent, its viewing on the display or printout;

Autonomous and integrated training for operators of the air traffic control department;

diagnosing the health of the workstation with discreteness to the module.

AWP ATC provides the solution of functional problems in harsh operating conditions in a wide range of climatic and mechanical influences, including when placed on wheeled and tracked chassis.

The basic equipment includes the following equipment:

two remote units for interfacing 1 with a radar (PRV) - with cable sets 12 for interfacing with radars of various types (P18, 1L13, P15, P19, P40, 35N6, PRV-16);

12 fishing communications with a computer 200 m long;

system unit 2 of a specialized computer compatible with IBM PC, with built-in additional modules;

LCD monitor 7;

keyboard (remote control) 8;

trackball 9.

The composition of the built-in computer modules includes:

module for interfacing with external units 3;

RZ special processing processor (mathematical accelerator) 4 from the composition of additional modules of specialized computers;

a module for interfacing with tank navigation equipment (TNA) 5, which provides a pair of TNA with a computer when embedding an automated workstation in a moving object, as well as pairing with a communication channel of an automated data transmission system ASTSD-U and one communication channel of Irtysh equipment.

To expand the functionality, the workstation may additionally include multichannel equipment for receiving and transmitting data (MASh) 10 or the adapter module of the telegraph channel 11 for exchanging live communication and telegraph information with ACS ATC points and the local area network adapter (LAN) module 6 installed in the computer, providing information exchange with other computers.

MASCH 10 has 2 transmitters and 8 receivers, working 1X in the Irtysh hardware algorithms, and is connected to a computer via the RS-232C interface.

To provide communication with other ACS ATC via telegraph communication channel instead of MAPD, the adapter module of telegraph channel 11 can be connected to the system unit of a specialized computer via RS-232C interface, providing current conversion

- 13 light messages in the voltage pulses of the RS-232C interface during reception and reverse conversion during transmission.

Remote units 1 are installed in the immediate vicinity of the mating radars (removal up to 1-2 m). From the radar to the remote units 1, start pulses (FROM), an echo signal, a general recognition signal from the interrogator and signals from the synchro sensors of a coarse and accurate reference (GO, TO) of the azimuthal position of the radar antenna are received, A signal from the sine sensor is also received elevation angle of the antenna.

The remote unit 1 provides:

separation of echo signals from probable HE and determining the distance to them;

conversion of signals of coarse (GO) and accurate (TO) azimuth readings of a radar or PRV antenna into an azimuth code,

converting the sine signal of the elevation angle of the PRV antenna into the sine code of the elevation angle;

the issuance in the multiplex communication channel 17 (on a computer) of the current azimuth code, elevation sine (for PRV) of the antenna and the range of target marks and identification marks;

receiving from the computer and issuing to the HR3 control commands of the NRH modes, receiving commands to control the UPR antenna turn and commands to set the scale (radius) of the unit.

When processing an echo signal with a remote unit, the hardware suppresses the constant component of the input signal (noise), automatically determines the level of interference, calculates the code for the amplitude of the cutoff level of the echo signal, selects signals that exceed the current cutoff level (probable VO marks), and determines their range.

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Extended interference that creates a constant component (locators, noise) is suppressed in the remote unit using an analog and then a digital filter.

The highlighted signs of the presence of VO marks are recorded in the cell of the dual-port RAM unit whose address corresponds to the mark range code. The block transmitter sequentially reads all RAM cells of the current scanning beam from zero to the end of the distance and transmits through the multiplex channel the values of signs of the presence of an echo mark or recognition.

The module for interfacing with the external units 3 provides reception of information from two external units 1 through Zh 17, its processing and transfer to the mathematical mathematical accelerator module 4 of the computer, as well as the transmission of remote control and relay protection commands coming from the computer through the module through MK 17 to the external blocks 1 mathematical accelerator.

The azimuth and sine of the elevation angle of the radar antenna received from the remote unit 1 are immediately transmitted to the mathematical accelerator module 4, and the signs of the marks are recorded in the RAM of the module, where the data of the last five scanning rays are stored.

If there are more than three marks in five adjacent scan beams at the same range, a sign of the presence of a plurality of marks is formed. On this basis, the range code of this pack is mounted on the mathematical accelerator module 4 of the computer.

When reducing the number of marks in the pack to zero, a sign of the end of the pack is issued to the mathematical accelerator module 4, upon receipt of which the mathematical accelerator module 4 calculates the azimuth of the center of the pack (arc).

- 15 torus 4 information, because the probability of bursts due to noise and interference is extremely small. In the event that false packs are nevertheless formed, they are detected by the computer when the autocapture program is running.

The coordinates of the centers of the packs (range and azimuth) are issued from the mathematical accelerator module 4 to the computer processor, which performs auto-tracing of the tracks.

Using a signal processing circuit for automatically adjusting the cutoff level (digital filter) significantly reduces the likelihood of capturing false targets.

Automatic trapping is carried out only for HE, having a speed of more than 30 m / s. For VOs having a lower speed, the operator decides on tracking, which also reduces the likelihood of false tracking.

According to fixed marks, repeated in several radar surveys, a computer of locals is automatically generated in the computer, and such marks are not received for further processing.

Coordinates of elevations and traces are output to video monitor 7, which allows the AWS operator to control the detection process, to correct it if necessary and issue commands for HR3 and PRV.

The primary information from the PRV undergoes the same processing and is also displayed on the monitor 7 to monitor the operation of the PRV. Thus, on the monitor screen 7, the operator sees numbered traces with velocity vectors and other characteristics, marks of the alleged TO, identification marks (in a different color). A vector is also displayed, indicating the azimuth of the PRV antenna.

and

- 16 AWP ATC allows the operator to control the azimuthal position of the PRV antenna and the operating modes of the ground radio interrogator (NRZ).

HR3 control commands (setting modes, enabling recognition), block operation control commands (setting radius, enabling simulation) are transmitted from the computer 2 to the remote unit 1 via multiplex channel 17.

The azimuth of the PRV antenna is set by the operator either manually, using the trackball 9, or the operator sets the number of the route that the PRV must accompany, and the computer extends to the PRV through the remote unit 1 the azimuths of the points of this route as it changes.

In the remote unit 1, the set azimuth value is compared with the current antenna azimuth. The difference of values is converted into control voltages of a coarse and accurate reference (GO, TO), which are fed to the inputs of the amplifiers of the drive of rotation of the PRV antenna.

When working with NRZ, the AWP operator decides to switch the operating range of the ge (third, seventh), turn on the modes 1, 2, KZ (control request), and control the switching on of the interrogator (Manipulation signal). From the remote unit 1 to the computer 2 are brought the sign of the HR3 in the corresponding range and the sign of the inclusion of power ge.

The identification signals from the NRH are fed to a separate input of the remote unit 1 (to the input of the comparator with a constant cutoff level), converted to a digital signal (binary zero or one encoding) and also output to multiplex channel 17. In the interface module 3, the identification signals are processed in the same way as the primary radar marks.

- 17 Design and operation of components

Remote block interface with radar 1 operates as follows,

From the radar or PRV to the inputs of the unit, start pulses (FROM), an echo signal (ECHO), general recognition signal and three-phase voltages from the coarse and accurate readout sensors are received.

The echo signal is fed to the input of the first low-pass filter (LPF1) 19 and to the first input of the differential amplifier (ДУ) 20, to the second (inverse) input of which the output of the LPF1 19 is connected. From the output of the ДУ 20, the signal difference is fed to the ADC ECHO 21, which converts the echo into a 5-bit code proportional to the power of the input signal over a discrete 6D distance segment. The echo code is fed to a digital filter 22, which determines the average noise level (cut-off level) over a distance of ± 8 5D relative to the echo signal and selects signals that exceed this level as the expected VO marks.

Vleklenennye signs of VO are recorded in dual-port RAM1 26, allowing you to simultaneously write and read data. The address of the RAM 1 cell during recording corresponds to the VO distance and is formed using the binary distance counter Sch01 25, whose operation is synchronized with the reference frequency (Ratalon.) Of the GEC 24 generator.

The general recognition signals are fed to a comparator 23, to the second input of which a cutoff voltage is applied. From the output of the comparator, signals exceeding the cutoff level are fed to the second input of the data record of RAM1 26 and are also recorded in the cells of RAM1 whose address corresponds to the distance of the mark.

- 18 The reference voltage generator 28 is used to generate the supply voltage of the synchro-sensors of the synchronous servo drive (SSP) of the radar and the sine sensor of the elevation angle of the PRV.

The angle-code converter (ADC-A) 30 of the unit converts the three-phase alternating voltage of the coarse and accurate sensors (coarse and precise readings) of the radar detector antenna (PRS) to the azimuth code.

When working with the PRV, an alternating voltage proportional to the sine of the elevation axis of the axis of the PRV antenna is fed to the input of the ADC of the elevation sine (ADC SUM) 31, which converts this voltage to binary code.

The state register РГС1 29 of the block is used to store signs of the mode and condition of the block and bring them to the computer workstation.

For each radar start pulse (IZ), the data from the outputs of PrgC1 29, ADC-A 30 and ADC SUM 31 are sequentially issued to the first shift register Prg 32, to the clock input of which the transmitter clocks are received.

From the output of the register 32, the data in serial code through the transmitter of the multiplex channel 33 and the first output linear transformer Out 34 are issued to the multiplex communication channel 17.

After transmitting the word status, azimuth and elevation to the input of the first transmitter PRD1 33, the output of RAM1 26 is connected, and the counter Sch02 27 starts working, which counts the data bits transmitted from RAM1.

Signs of VO marks and identifications are sent to the transmitter 33 directly from RAM1 26 as the cells with addresses from zero to the end of the distance are read.

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- 19 torai serves as a sign of the end of the transmission cycle of the remote unit 1 and allows the issuance of the response word from the interface module with the external units 3 installed in the computer 2 AWP ATC.

Data transmission in channel 17 is carried out at a speed of 1 Mbit / s in the Manchester code And with words of 16 bits in length, one after the other. Each word begins with a three-clock sync signal and ends with an odd parity bit (17th bit).

When receiving data from a computer, the signal from the communication channel through the first input linear transformer BxTl 35 is fed to the first receiver 36 of the remote unit 1. In each cycle, the receiver receives two words - a command and data. Received from the computer command to control the modes of the block and NRZ is recorded and stored on the register of commands RgK 38. The signals for controlling the HR3 modes are issued to the NRZ through relay block 42 in the form of signals with a voltage of 27 V.

The received azimuth code is recorded in the register РГУА 37, from where it is issued to the adder СМА 39 for comparison with the current azimuth of the PRV. The difference between the codes from the output of the SMA 39 is converted to DAC1 40 into analog mismatch signals, which are transmitted through the power amplifier UM 41 with a transformer output to the inputs of the servo drive of the PRV antenna.

The interface module with the remote units 3 operates as follows.

The signal from the input of the multiplex communication channel 17 through the matching second input linear transformer 43 is fed to the input of the second receiver 44.

The status word, azimuth and elevation sine received from the remote unit from the receiver output by a serial code are written to the second shift register 45, from where the parallel code

- 20 cut the first input of the output multiplexer 50 are issued to the input of the mathematical accelerator module 4.

When the words D1 - D94 are received, the signs of the VO marks and the recognition are sent to the inputs of the RAM2 data record 47. The counter of received bits is connected to the address inputs of RAM2 - it is the counter of the RMS 46 range, operating from the clock pulses of the second receiver 44.

When each bit is received, the RAM 2 cell is read, which stores data on the presence of marks at the current range in the previous four radar scan beams. The data from the output of RAM2 and the received bit are fed to the inputs of the adder of the number of marks of the SJO 48 and to the inputs D2 of the RAM2 47, where they are written at the end of the reading clock with a shift by one bit so that data for the last four data reception cycles is always stored in RAM2.

If there are more than three HE in five adjacent beams of sweep at the same range, an output of adder 48 forms a sign of the presence of a pack of marks. On this basis, the control circuit 49 issues a data recording strobe to the mathematical accelerator module 4 of the computer. At the same time, the second input (input B) of the output multiplexer 50 opens, through which the range code and two bits of the code of the amount of HE in the packet are inserted into the data input of the mathematical accelerator module (MA).

If there was no sign of a pack in the previous beam, then the control circuit 49 additionally forms a sign of the beginning of the pack. As the number of marks in the pack decreases to zero, the sign of the end of the pack — CP, is displayed on the MA.

According to the values of the current azimuth of the radar antenna and the range of the MA 4 marks, it determines the coordinates of the centers of the packs - VO.

- g-l

Issued from MA 4 to the interface module with remote units 3, the data (command and bearing azimuth) are recorded on the registers RgPK 51 and RgPA 52, respectively. At the end of data reception (receiving K1 command), a start signal is issued from the receiver 44 to the module transmitter 53, by which the command from RgPK 51 is transferred to the second transmitter 53, which converts the received data into a Manchester-I1 bipolar code and generates a clock signal and a control signal (17 th) data bit.

At the end of the issuance of the command in the same way, a data word is sent to the communication line from the register of the RSA 52.

From the output of the second transmitter 53, the signal through matching microcircuits is fed to the second output linear transformer OutT2 54 of the module, from the secondary winding of which it is issued to the communication channel.

To control the operability of the transmission paths, reception and processing of received data, the module provides a radar data simulator that simulates the operation of the remote unit.

When the control mode (loop) is turned on, data from the simulator automatically arrives at the input of one of the transmitters of the module, from where they are issued to the communication line. The blocking of data reception during the transmission of control information is removed, therefore, the signal from the secondary winding of the matching transformer is fed to the input of the receiver of the same channel of the module and processed in the same way as when received from the remote unit.

The module for interfacing with tank navigation equipment (TNA) and the communication channel of the automated data transfer system (ASPD-U) 5 (Fig. 4) provides the reception of coordinate increments for subsequent processing, as well as the automated reception of radar information and data about the current location and REQUIREMENTS FROM SLAVE OBJECTS.

Conventionally, a module can be divided into the following functional units:

node interface with tank navigation equipment;

telecode transmitter unit.

Telecode Receiver Assembly

The operation of the interface unit with the tank navigation equipment

During the movement of the object from the TNA-4-6 tank navigation equipment, impulses of coordinate increment + LH, -DH, + DU, -DU are received. The quantity and sequence of the arrival of pulses depends on the course of the object. The coordinates increment pulses are supplied to the pulse limiters 85, 86., 87, 88 for normalization in amplitude in accordance with the levels of TTL logic signals.

The generated impulses of the increment of coordinates + DX, -DH, + DU, -DU are counted by the reversible counters 89, 90. The value of the increment of the counters is stored in the buffer registers of coordinates 91, 92 and is periodically read through the data bus to the computer processor.

Telecode Transmitter Host Operation

The frequency-stabilized pulses from the quartz oscillator 58 are supplied to the first frequency divider 60, which, depending on the value of the code coming from the first operating mode control register 59, generates the frequencies of the reference carrier wave and clock pulses.

The rectangular pulses of the reference carrier wave are fed to a band pass filter 64, which distinguishes the first harmonic of the reference carrier frequency.

- 9Q communication parameters, the amplitude of the reference non-oscillating oscillation is changed using the second digital-to-analog converter 68, in which the analog reference carrier oscillation is multiplied by a binary amplitude coefficient from the amplitude register of the output signal 67.

Clock pulses with a frequency corresponding to the data rate in the telecode channel from the first frequency divider 60 are fed to a counter with a decoder 61.

In the process of counting clock pulses at the moment the transmitter is ready to receive the next data block for transmission at the output of the decoder 61, an interrupt signal IR1 is generated, which is transmitted to the interrupt controller 57,

The interrupt controller 57 analyzes the presence and levels of interrupts that have arrived at a given point in time, and sets the processor interrupt signal to the system bus.

The processor, having received the interrupt, under the control of the interrupt routine, reads the interrupt code from the interrupt controller 57 by which it determines the type of node that set the interrupt.

Having determined the type of node, the processor forms a data block for delivery to the communication channel. After that, the processor sets the address code of the third dual-port RAM 62 and the next word from the data block on the address bus. The most significant bits of the address go to the address selector 55, and the lower four bits determine the cell address of the third two-port RAM 62. In the address selector 55, the incoming address is compared with the node code and, if there is a match, a signal is issued that allows the next word of the data block to be written to the third two-port RAM 62 .

- 24 By the time the next data block is transferred to the communication channel, they are in the third two-port RAM 62. At the same time, the counter with decoder 61 sets the third address of the data block and the address of the data block on the third two-port RAM 62 and data multiplexer 63. In this case, the next word is read from the third two-port RAM 62 and using the data multiplexer 63 is converted into a serial code. Also, under the control of a counter with a decoder 61, after transmitting the last bit of the data block, the code combination of the correction signal coming from the shaper of the correction signal 65 is added to the information stream to mark the end of the data block. At the same time, at the output of the data multiplexer 63, a codogram of one data block is formed.

For transmission to the channel of the tonal frequency, the sequence of binary data bits is converted into a sine wave with relative phase modulation. The modulation takes place in a phase modulator 69, one input of which receives reference harmonic oscillation from the output of the second digital-to-analog converter 68, and the other input receives a sequence of binary data bits from the data multiplexer 63. Under the influence of binary data bits, the output of the phase modulator 69 changes phase of the reference harmonic oscillation and thereby forms the output phase-modulated signal.

From the output of the phase modulator 69, the signal enters the amplifier 70 and then through the third output transformer 71 to the channel-forming equipment, which can be a radio station or a wired communication channel.

 f2r

- 25 Telecode receiver unit operation

The phase-modulated signal from the communication channel through the third input transformer 72 enters the automatic gain control unit 73, in which the input signal is stabilized in amplitude. The stabilized input signal is fed to an amplifier-limiter 78, the output of which is a digital signal with levels of TTL logic. From the digital input signal using the node forming the reference voltage 79 is allocated the carrier frequency, in phase coinciding with the phase of the carrier frequency of the input information.

The reference frequency is supplied to a phase detector 74, to the second input of which an amplitude-stabilized input signal is supplied. Since the phase of the input signal changes synchronously with the transmitted information, and the phase of the reference voltage is synchronous and in phase with the carrier frequency, the envelope of the input signal corresponding to the received information is allocated at the output of the phase detector 74.

The reference frequency is also supplied to the second frequency divider 80, which, depending on the operating mode under the control of the second register of the operating mode 66, generates a clock frequency equal to the information transfer rate.

The envelope of the input signal is filtered by a second low-pass filter 75 from the carrier frequency and interference and, using a pulse shaper 76, is converted into an information digital signal with TTL logic levels.

In the information digital signal obtained in this way, the characteristic recovery times constantly fluctuate. This occurs as a result of the amplitude-frequency, phase // zr / t

- 26 frequency distortions in the communication channel, as well as under the influence of interference present in the communication channel.

To eliminate fluctuations, information is recorded by the gating method. At the same time, the clock synchronization unit 81 generates a gating signal, which coincides with the middle of a single transmission of the information signal. This signal records information in the data register 77.

To determine the start time of the information block, the digital information signal is fed to the cyclic synchronization unit 82, which extracts the correction signal information from the general information stream and fixes its arrival time. In the same way, the word address counter and the input information bit in the cyclic synchronization unit 82 operates in phase with the corresponding counter on the transmitting side.

The cyclic synchronization unit 82 generates the word address of the information block and the information recording pulse in the fourth two-port RAM 83. After the entire data block is written, the cyclic synchronization unit 82 generates an interrupt signal IR2, which is transmitted to the interrupt controller 57.

The computer processor, under the control of the television receiver interruption processing program, reads the information of the data block from the fourth two-port random access memory 83 and from the second state register 84 of the television receiver, which stores the current state of the cyclic synchronization unit and information about the mode of operation of the television receiver.

Multichannel data transmission equipment (MAPD) 10 (Fig. 5) is a group ADF that serves to receive at least eight subscriber complexes and provides pZjo fLF

- 27th edition of information in two independent directions.

MAGSCH 10 is intended for simultaneous reception of open telecode information (TCI) on eight channels.

Each of the channels can be formed:

radio facilities on the channel of tone frequency (PM);

pulse means (IR) radios;

field telephone cable (wired channel).

Any of the receivers of the module must operate on a digital channel (CC) formed by the radio station.

MAGSCH 10 is intended for simultaneous transmission of open TKI through two independent tonal frequency channels formed by radio means., Or transmission of TKI on two independent pulse channels formed by radio means, or transmission of TKI from any of two transmitters on a digital channel formed by radio stations, or transmission on two independent wired communication channels (PC).

MAGSCH 10 is designed to transmit and receive discrete real-time information and performs the functions of protecting information from errors and converting it into a form suitable for transmission by frequency modulation (FM), bi-pulses (BI) and digital signals (DS) at junction 01 (GOOT 25.007-81 joint С1-ТЧ, ГООТ 27.232-87 joint С1-ФЛ).

MAGSCH 10 provides exchange with a computer via a bi-directional serial interface RS-2320.

MAGSCH 10 provides the exchange of TCI through wire channels with a coefficient of bringing at least 0.9 at a maximum range of at least 10 km at a speed of 1200 bps, 2400 bps and at least 5 km at a speed of 4800 bps.

iie

 So

MAPD 10 provides any combination of various methods of receiving and transmitting data over communication channels.

MAPD 10 provides reception and transmission on all channels in any of the three possible modes (mode 1, mode 2 or mode 3) when working with the T-235-1L-1 equipment for the exchange modes OKODK1 address and circular (mode 1) or OKODK2 circular without the formation of the CDD codogram (in modes 2 and 3).

MAPD 10 provides the reception and transmission of code combinations with a length of 69 elements with the structure adopted in the T-235-1L-1 apparatus for the exchange types OKODK1, OKODK2.

In mode 1, MAPD 10 provides a transmission mode with the issuance of two code combinations of points (a sequence of alternating ones and zeros) and one combination of phase start (KPF) during initial synchronization, as well as one KPF in place of each 96 code combination in the block of transmitted data for working with T-235-1L-1 equipment operating in the OKODK1 exchange mode.

In mode 2, MAPD 10 provides a transmission mode with the issuance of two code combinations of points and two KPPs (inverse and direct) during initial synchronization, as well as two KPPs (inverse and direct) in place of each 96 and 97 code combinations in the block of transmitted data for working with T-235-1L-1 equipment operating in the OKODK2 exchange mode.

MAPD 10 provides the issuance of code combinations to the communication channel. Silence in the absence of TCI from the computer in both mode 1 and mode 2.

MAPD 10 provides operation in mode 3. Mode 3 is similar to mode 2 and differs from mode 2 in that the channel is turned on / off when there is / is no information in the buffer / ZcPi

9 editors.

Turning on a channel means:

inclusion of a radio station for transmission;

issuing signals to a wired channel.

Turning off a channel means:

turning off the radio station for transmission;

lack of signals in the wire channel.

In the FM mode in MAPD 10, characteristic frequencies are used: for symbol O - 2100 Hz, for symbol 1 - 1300 Hz.

In the BI mode, character 1 is encoded by repeating the previous dibit 10 or 01, and when switching to the character O, by inverting the previous dibit.

MAPD 10 provides a packet exchange with a computer via a bi-directional channel of the RS-232C serial interface.

The setting of the operation modes of the MAPD 15 is ensured by transmission to the module of control signs from a computer (program control mode) or from the front panel (manual control mode).

The work of MAPD 10 is based on the principles of generating signals for transmitting data on two transmitting channels and at the same time converting (demodulating) the signals received on the receiving channels in order to ensure the exchange of telecode information between subscribers of a mobile communication system both by radio (PM or F) and by wired communication lines, and tarake reception or transmission of telecode information on one digital channel.

The terminal node (CMO) 93 performs the exchange of data packets in accordance with the exchange procedure.

Each registration node (UR) 94 provides storage of control information received through the terminal node 93 on ma2R U

- 30 receive-transmit lines (MPP), and the distribution of data in packets for four receivers 97 and one transmitter 96 on a common bus (OS) when performing operations of writing / reading control signs, as well as storing information received from four receivers 97 coming on the data bus (MSD), when performing the operation of reading data from receivers (ChTPRM).

The node of the transmitters 96 stores sixteen-bit information words received from the CMO 93 (the number of words is from 4 to 16) and is sent to the communication channel in the form of telecode information codograms with a duration of 69 elements.

The receivers 97 demodulate the TCI received from the communication channel, and transmit data through the first and second recording nodes 94 and 95 and the terminal node 93 to the serial interface channel when performing the operation of reading data from the receivers.

The modulator and attenuator assembly 104 form a quasi-sine with the modulated signal levels for the PM channel and generate the modulated signal in the BI mode with the transmission levels of the wired and radio channels.

The node switches digital signals 98 multiplexes the received data on the channels PM, PC, IR and CC to any node of the receivers 97.

The nodes of the analog-to-digital converters 99 perform amplification and normalization by the amplitude of the signals received through the PM or wired channels.

The signal conversion section 103 performs isolation and conversion of input and output signals received and transmitted through the LCD and CC, and the filter amplifier nodes 100 normalize the input signals by frequency and amplify the input and output signals W

- 31 VOC transmitted and received TKI through communication channels.

The nodes of the analog signal commutators 101 are designed to organize the loop mode and the operating mode, the transformer node 102 for coordination with the communication lines for receiving and transmitting for voice and wire channels.

The adapter module 1% legraf channel 11 provides coordination of the linear signals of the telegraph channel and the RS-232C interface of a specialized computer system unit. The telegraph channel adapter includes current / voltage and voltage / current converters.

Industrial applicability

The proposed automated workplace of an air traffic control operator is industrially feasible, provides automatic input of coordinates from remote analog radar stations, fewer (volume) interface cables obtained by performing pre-processing of analog signals in close proximity to the radar, and a small amount of data transmission equipment with increasing the number of communication channels used.

about

- 32 Authors:

O.L.Parkhomenko (A.D. Vasiliev ..i V.A. Severin, /. /

V.N. Frolov with J S-fO

Claims (3)

1. An automated workstation of an air traffic control operator, consisting of a specialized electronic computer (COMPUTER) compatible with an IBM PC, containing a system unit with a set of standard modules, a monitor, a keyboard, a ball manipulator, and also an additional mathematical accelerator (MA) module, a local area network adapter (LAN) module, a module for interfacing with tank navigation equipment (TNA) and a communication channel of an automated data transmission system (ASPD-U), the first inputs and outputs of which s are connected to the ISA bus of the specialized computer system unit, and the second inputs of the adapter module of the local area network with the first inputs and outputs of the device, the input, the second and third inputs and outputs of the interface module with TNA and ASPD-U are connected respectively to the first input and the second and third inputs and outputs of the device, multi-channel data transmission equipment (MAPD), the first input-output of which is connected to the input-output RS-232C of the system unit of a specialized computer, and the second inputs and outputs - with the fourth inputs and outputs of the device, module telegraph channel adapter, the first input-output of which is connected to the RS-232C input-output of a specialized computer system unit, and the second input-output is connected to the device’s fourth inputs and outputs, characterized in that the workstation additionally contains first and second remote interface units with a radar station (radar) and a mobile radio altimeter (PRV), the inputs of which are connected respectively to the fifth and sixth inputs of the device, a module for interfacing with external units, the first input-output of which is connected to orym input-output module mathematical accelerator, and the second and third input-output - to the inputs-outputs of the first and second remote units for interfacing with radar.  2. The automated workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that the remote interface unit with the radar station contains a first low-pass filter, the input of which is connected to the ECHO input from the radar station, a differential amplifier, the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the first low-pass filter and an ECHO input from a radar station, an analog-to-digital ECHO signal converter, the input of which is connected to the output of a differential amplifier, a digital filter, the input of which is connected to an analog output an e-digital ECHO signal converter, a comparator, the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the IDENTIFICATION and U inputs of the cut-off from the radar station, the reference frequency generator, the radar distance counter DCH1, the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the reference frequency generator and to the input FROM the radar station, counter СЧD2 of the distance of the transmitter, the first input of which is connected to the input FROM the radar station, a reference voltage generator, the output of which is connected to the output U stations, the first shift register, the first state register, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first shift register, the angle-code converter of coarse reference voltages (GO) and accurate reference (TO) to the azimuth code (ADC-A), the two inputs of which are connected respectively with the output of the reference voltage generator and the input of GO, TO from the radar station, and the output with the first input of the first shift register, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC SUM) of the elevation sine, the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the generator of supports voltage and the input sinε from the radar station, and the output is with the first input of the first shift register, the first two-port random access memory, the four inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of a digital filter, a comparator, a distance counter СЧD1 of the radar and a distance counter СчD2 of the transmitter, the first transmitter ( PRD1), the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the first two-port random access memory and the first shift register, and the first output is connected to the second inputs of the of the transmitter SCh2 of the distance of the transmitter and the first shift register, the first output linear transformer, the output of which is connected to the output of the first transmitter (PRD1), and the output - with the input of the interface module with remote units, the first input linear transformer, the input of which is connected with the output of the interface module with remote blocks, the first receiver, the inputs of which are connected to the output of the first input linear transformer, the azimuth setting register (RgUA) PRV, the input of which is connected to the output of the first receiver, the command register (RgK), input for which it is connected to the output of the first receiver, an adder (СМА), the two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the angle-code converter (ADC-A) of the GO and TO voltages in the azimuth code and azimuth register, the first digital-to-analog converter (DAC1) of the azimuth mismatch code , the input of which is connected to the output of the adder (СМА), the power amplifier, the input of which is connected to the output of the first digital-to-analog converter, and the output - to the input δβ on the PRV, the relay unit, the input of which is connected to the output of the command register (RgK), and the output - entrance m. NRZ mode on the ground radio interrogator (NRZ). 3. The automated workstation according to claim 1, characterized in that the interface module with the remote units in each of the two channels contains a second input linear transformer (BxT2), the input of which is connected to the output (MK) of the external unit, the second receiver, the input of which is connected with the output of the second input linear transformer, the second shift register, the first and second inputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the second receiver, a range counter, the input of which is connected to the second output of the second shift register pa, a second random access memory, the first two inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the range counter and the first output of the second receiver, an adder of the number of marks, two inputs of which are connected respectively to the first output of the second receiver and the output of the second random access memory, and the output - with the third input the second random access memory, a control circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of the adder of the number of marks, and the first output is connected to the input of the mathematical accelerator module a rotor, an output multiplexer, the five inputs of which are connected respectively with the outputs of the second shift register, range counter, totalizer of the number of marks, the second and third outputs of the control circuit, and the output is with the input of the mathematical accelerator module, a command transfer register, two inputs of which are connected to the inputs commands and data of the mathematical accelerator module, azimuth transmission register, two inputs of which are connected to the inputs Data and recording the azimuth of the mathematical accelerator module, the second transmitter, od which is connected to the outputs of the transmission command register and transfer register azimuth, the second output line transformer, whose input is connected to the output of the second transmitter and an output - to an input of a multiplex channel unit for interfacing with a remote radar.