RU2398108C1 - Winning machine for bedded minerals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining industry and may be used to win bedded minerals along bed hypsometry, also under complicated mining and geological conditions. Winning machine for bedded minerals includes sections of bearing powered movable support with longitudinal guides, where sections of guard shield are installed, being connected to sections of actuator with drive installed along front of bed winning. Winning machine is additionally equipped with brackets having cutters for damage of face from surface along cutting lines directed along front of bed winning with pitch providing for reservation of pillars between them. Brackets with cutters are joined to each other by sections of actuator with drive. Brackets with cutters are rigidly installed on sections of guard shield with drive of its motion along longitudinal guides of sections of bearing powered movable support.

EFFECT: reduced power intensity of face damage, provision of monitoring of machine position relative to bed, increased efficiency of machine, reduced dilution.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for the extraction of stratified minerals according to formation hypsometry, including in difficult mining and geological conditions.

Known mining machine for reservoir minerals that implements a method of mining minerals, including supporting mechanized mobile lining associated with a protective shield having a hydraulic stand. The hydraulic stands of the shield and the supporting mechanized mobile lining are connected by hydraulic cylinders. The supporting mechanized mobile roof support and the protective shield consist of separate sections installed along the front of the mineral extraction and rigidly interconnected by automatic locks. The supporting mechanized movable lining is connected movably to the shield with the possibility of its movement relative to the lining in the frontal direction together with its hydro stands. The executive body consists of screw sections connected by flashlights, rigidly interconnected by automatic locks. Lanterns interact with the shield, roof and working soil through their lateral sliding supports. Hydraulic cylinders are repelled from the racks developed between the roof and the soil. The executive body in the process of operation can make reciprocating and rotational movements relative to the shield from the drive, located in the excavation drift [1]. The disadvantage of the extraction machine is the high energy intensity of destruction of the surface of the face and the inability to control the position of the extraction machine relative to the formation. The high energy intensity of the destruction of the reservoir is a consequence of the fact that the actuator, in the form of screw sections, together with the associated supporting mechanized mobile support, is placed along the front of the face and can destroy the face from the surface only across the front of the excavation. In addition, the executive body performs reciprocating movements without a protective shield, which creates additional resistance to the movement of the rock mass destroyed by the cutters along the front of the recess of the formation towards its discharge. The lack of means to control the position of the sections of the supporting mechanized movable lining relative to the formation makes it impossible to hold the entire stav of sections in the plane of complex formation hypsometry. This leads to dilution of the mineral.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a mining machine for reservoir minerals, comprising sections of a supporting mechanized mobile roof support having longitudinal guides. The sections of the shield are mounted on the longitudinal rails. With them kinematically connected sections of the executive body with the drive and are installed along the front of the recess of the reservoir. The sections of the supporting mechanized movable lining installed along the front of the recess of the formation are interconnected by means of branches of couplers, the tension of which is regulated by tensioning and adjusting devices installed on the extreme sections. Having become the sections of the supporting mechanized mobile lining, by changing the tension of the branches of the screeds, it can change the curvature of the entire stav of the sections and pass it through the longitudinal guides to the stav of the protective shield and, subsequently, the executive body, adapting it to the formation hypsometry. At the same time, the executive body together with the shield can move along the longitudinal guides [2]. A disadvantage of the known extraction machine is the high energy intensity of destruction of the surface of the face and the inability to control the position of the sections of the executive body relative to the formation. The high energy intensity of the destruction of the surface of the face is due to the fact that sections of the executive body destroy the face from the surface only along cutting lines directed across the front of the excavation, i.e. across bedding rock mass. The extraction machine does not have means to control its position relative to the mineral layer while moving along its hypsometry. As a result, dilution of the extracted mineral occurs. The above disadvantages do not make it possible to increase productivity by reducing the energy intensity of the process of destruction of the surface of the face and reduce dilution of the mineral in difficult geological conditions of occurrence of the reservoir.

The objective of the invention is to increase the productivity of a mining machine and reduce dilution of the mined rock mass. The problem is solved by reducing the energy intensity of the destruction of the mineral layer and providing control of the position of the extraction machine relative to the hypsometry of the formation.

The task is achieved in that a mining machine for formation minerals, comprising sections of a supporting mechanized mobile roof support with longitudinal guides, on which sections of the shield are installed kinematically connected with sections of the actuator with a drive installed along the front of the formation, according to the invention, is equipped with brackets with cutters to destroy the face from the surface along the cutting lines directed along the front of the recess of the formation, with a step that provides e tselichk between them, connecting the sections of the executive body with the drive and rigidly mounted on the sections of the shield with the drive moving it along the longitudinal guides of the sections of the supporting mechanized mobile roof support. The mining machine is equipped with traps for sampling the rock mass from the face destroyed by cutters from the surface along the cutting lines directed along the front of the excavation of the formation. The brackets with cutters are equipped with tool holders for introducing cutters into the surface of the face when moving sections of the shield along the longitudinal guides along the front of the recess of the formation in the direction of unloading the rock mass from the mining machine.

Significant differences of the proposed solution from the prototype is that the extraction machine for reservoir minerals is equipped with brackets with cutters to destroy the face from the surface along the cutting lines directed along the front of the excavation of the formation, with a step ensuring that the mats are left between them. Brackets with cutters connect sections of the executive body with the drive. Brackets with cutters are rigidly mounted on sections of the shield with the drive moving it along the longitudinal guides of the sections of the supporting mechanized mobile roof support. The mining machine is equipped with traps for sampling the rock mass from the face destroyed by cutters from the surface along the cutting lines directed along the front of the excavation of the formation. The brackets with cutters are equipped with tool holders for introducing cutters into the surface of the face when moving sections of the shield along the longitudinal guides along the front of the recess of the formation in the direction of unloading the rock mass from the mining machine.

Providing the excavation machine with brackets with cutters to destroy the face from the surface along the cutting lines directed along the front of the recess of the formation, with a step ensuring that the mats are left between them, allows you to switch from continuous cutting to cutting with the formation of cut holes with brackets with cutters for breaking the face from the surface along cutting lines directed along the front of the recess of the formation, followed by breaking off small inter-slit portions by an executive body with a drive [3, p. 81]. This process has a lower energy intensity of destruction than when diluting the face with continuous cutting. The low energy intensity of the process is also ensured by the fact that the destruction of the bottom occurs partially from the bottom surface along the cutting lines directed along the front of the recess of the formation, i.e. on admonition. [3, p. 56]. Linking the brackets with the cutters of the sections of the executive body with the drive to each other allows you to place cutting lines along the front of the recess of the formation using brackets with cutters and across the front of the recess of the formation using the actuator with a drive in one device for destroying the surface of the face. Rigid installation of brackets with cutters on the sections of the guard panel with its drive is necessary to transfer to them the force directed along the longitudinal guides from the movement drive. Providing the excavation machine with traps for taking rock samples from the face destroyed by cutters from the surface along the cutting lines directed along the front of the excavation allows you to control the position of the stavka sections of the executive body with the drive and the supporting mechanized movable lining relative to the gypsometry of the mineral layer during machine control operations the time of removing the shield with the executive body and brackets with cutters on the excavation drift. The supply of brackets with cutters with tool holders for introducing cutters into the surface of the face when the sections of the shield along the longitudinal guides along the front of the recess of the formation toward unloading the rock mass from the mining machine move it to reduce the resistance of the rock to moving it towards the discharge side. This is due to the fact that the transportation of the rock mass coincides with the direction of destruction of the face by brackets with cutters.

All of the above characteristics together, in comparison with the known technical solutions, increase the productivity of the extraction machine and reduce the dilution of the mined rock mass, which allows it to be used when excavating stronger minerals with complex formation hypsometry. At the same time, the design of the excavating machine remains quite simple and technologically advanced to manufacture. Thus, the claimed mining machine for reservoir minerals in the aggregate of the listed features meets the criterion of "novelty."

The solution is new in the development of technology. It consists in the ability to use a mining machine in more difficult mining and geological conditions for the extraction of strong minerals without the need for a constant presence of a person in hazardous mining zones, which significantly exceeds the increment of these qualities by previous improvements and indicates that the distinguishing features are significant.

The technical essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 is a General view of a mining machine located in the plane of the mineral layer;

- figure 2 is a longitudinal section along aa figure 1 - the passage of the excavation machine on the hypsometry of the mineral layer;

- figure 3 is a section along BB in figure 1;

- figure 4 - node I in figure I - the movement of the brackets with cutters in the direction of unloading the rock mass from the excavating machine;

- figure 5 - node I in figure 1 - the movement of the brackets with cuts in the opposite direction.

) приводом 9. Кронштейны с резцами 7 разрушают забой 10 с поверхности по линиям резания 11, направленным вдоль фронта выемки пласта 4, с шагом (X), обеспечивающим оставление целичков 12 между ними. На кронштейнах с резцами установлены ловушки 13 (фиг.4, 5) для взятия проб горной массы 14 от разрушаемого кронштейнами с резцами 7 забоя 10 с поверхности по линиям резания 11, направленным вдоль фронта выемки пласта 4. Кронштейны с резцами 7 снабжены резцедержателями 15 для внедрения их в поверхность забоя 10 при движении секций оградительного щита 5 с приводом перемещения 6 по продольным направляющим 3 секций поддерживающей механизированной передвижной крепи вдоль фронта выемки пласта 4 в сторону выгрузки горной массы из выемочной машины. Кронштейны с резами 7, вместе с исполнительным органом 8 и оградительным щитом 5, совершают возвратно-поступательные движения в направлении

и

в пределах своих рабочих участков (У).A mining machine for reservoir minerals (Figs. 1, 2, 3) includes sections of a supporting mechanized mobile roof support 1 installed in a mine 2. On the lateral surfaces of the roof support sections 1 there are longitudinal guides 3 located along the front of the recess of the reservoir 4. On the longitudinal guides 3 movably mounted interconnected sections of the shield 5 with a drive for moving it 6. On sections of the shield 5, brackets with cutters 7 are rigidly mounted, connecting sections of the executive body 8, rotated in the direction (ω

) drive 9. Brackets with cutters 7 destroy the face 10 from the surface along the cutting lines 11, directed along the front of the recess of the formation 4, with a step (X), which ensures the presence of pads 12 between them. Traps 13 are installed on the brackets with cutters (FIGS. 4, 5) for sampling the rock mass 14 from the face 10 destroyed by the brackets with cutters 7 from the surface along the cutting lines 11 directed along the front of the formation recess 4. The brackets with cutters 7 are equipped with toolholders 15 for introducing them into the surface of the face 10 during the movement of sections of the shield 5 with the drive 6 along the longitudinal guides of 3 sections of the supporting mechanized mobile lining along the front of the recess of the formation 4 in the direction of unloading the rock mass from the mining machine. Brackets with cuts 7, together with the executive body 8 and the shield 5, make reciprocating movements in the direction

and

within their work areas (U).

и

от привода его перемещения 6 и разрушают забой 10 с поверхности по линиям резания 11, направленным вдоль фронта выемки пласта 4 с шагом (X), обеспечивающим оставление целичков 12 между ними. Исполнительный орган 8, вращаясь в направлении (ω

) от привода 9 поперек фронта выемки пласта 4, разрушает целички 12, оставляемые кронштейнами с резцами 7. При разрушении забоя 10 кронштейны с резцами 7 направляют горную массу в ловушки 13. Во время возвратно-поступательных движений кронштейнов с резцами 7 в направлении

и

в пределах рабочих участков (У) обеспечивается непрерывность линий резания 11. При этом каждая следующая проба горной массы 14 выталкивает из ловушки 13 предыдущую. Во время извлечения секций оградительного щита 5 из выработки 2 изучают состав проб горной массы 14 в ловушках 13 и по результатам исследования регулируют направление движения выемочной машины. При движении оградительного щита 5 в направлении

резцедержатели 15 под действием сил сопротивления горной массы устанавливаются в рабочее положение и внедряются в поверхность забоя 10 (фиг.4). При этом разрушение забоя 10 происходит в направлении, совпадающем с направлением движения горной массы, т.е. в сторону выгрузки горной массы из выемочной машины. Во время обратного движения

оградительного щита 5 резцедержатели 15 устанавливаются под действием сил сопротивления горной массы в нерабочее положение (фиг.5), не мешая исполнительному органу 8 транспортировать горную массу в сторону ее выгрузки из выемочной машины.Extraction machine operates as follows. After installing the sections of the supporting mechanized movable lining 1 in the mine 2, along their longitudinal guides 3 installed along the front of the recess of the formation 4, sections of the shield 5 with the drive 6 are moved in. Together with the shield 5, the brackets rigidly mounted on it are inserted with cutters 7 , which connect the sections of the executive body 8 with the drive 9. When moving the supporting mechanized mobile roof support 1 to the face 10, the brackets with cutters 7 are made together with a shield 5 reciprocating movements in the direction

and

from the drive to move it 6 and destroy the face 10 from the surface along the cutting lines 11, directed along the front of the recess of the formation 4 with a step (X), ensuring that the cemeteries 12 are left between them. Executive body 8, rotating in the direction (ω

) from the drive 9 across the front of the recess of the formation 4, destroys the relics 12 left by the brackets with cutters 7. When the bottom 10 is destroyed, the brackets with cutters 7 direct the rock mass into the traps 13. During the reciprocating movements of the brackets with cutters 7 in the direction

and

within the limits of the working sections (U), the continuity of the cutting lines is ensured 11. Moreover, each subsequent sample of the rock mass 14 pushes the previous one out of the trap 13. During the extraction of sections of the shield 5 from the mine 2, the composition of the samples of rock mass 14 in the traps 13 is studied and the direction of movement of the excavating machine is regulated by the results of the study. When moving the guard 5 in the direction

tool holders 15 under the action of resistance forces of the rock mass are installed in the working position and are embedded in the surface of the face 10 (figure 4). Moreover, the destruction of the face 10 occurs in the direction coinciding with the direction of motion of the rock mass, i.e. in the direction of unloading the rock mass from a mining machine. During reverse movement

the guard shield 5 tool holders 15 are installed under the action of the resistance forces of the rock mass in the inoperative position (figure 5), without interfering with the executive body 8 to transport the rock mass in the direction of its unloading from the extraction machine.

The proposed mining machine for reservoir minerals, in comparison with the prototype, allows the extraction of stronger minerals with greater productivity or lower energy costs. The use of traps allows predicting the trajectory of the excavating machine, which is necessary for adjusting the controls if it is necessary to change the trajectory of its movement. This reduces the dilution of the mineral. The use of tool holders can reduce the resistance of the rock mass to its transportation towards unloading from a mining machine.

The above allows you to use a mining machine for a deserted technology of mining a stronger mineral than the host rocks and to obtain a certain economic effect on mining and enrichment enterprises.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR No. 746104, E21C 1/14, 1980, BI No. 25.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1529822, E21C 27/20, 1987.

3. Malt V.I. Mining machines and automated complexes. M .: Nedra, 1981.

Claims (3)

1. A mining machine for reservoir minerals, comprising sections of a supporting mechanized movable roof support with longitudinal guides on which sections of a guard shield are mounted kinematically connected with sections of an actuator with a drive installed along the front of the recess of the formation, characterized in that it is provided with brackets with cutters for destruction of the bottom face from the surface along cutting lines directed along the front of the recess of the formation with a step that ensures that the mats are left between them, connecting ezhdu a section of the executive body of the driven and rigidly mounted on the sections of the protective shield with a drive of its movement along the longitudinal guide sections supporting mobile mechanized lining. 2. The extraction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with traps for sampling the rock mass from the face destroyed by cutters from the surface along the cutting lines directed along the front of the recess of the formation. 3. The extraction machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the brackets with incisors are equipped with toolholders for introducing incisors into the face when the sections of the shield along the longitudinal guides along the front of the recess of the formation move towards the discharge of the rock mass from the extraction machine.

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