RU2397567C1 - Polarised electromagnet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: polarised electromagnet includes magnetic conductor made in the form of two pins parallel to each other, on which windings are arranged. Between pole tips there arranged are constant magnets with direction of magnetisation axes from one pin to the other. Two rotary-type armatures are installed in load-carrying part. Pole tips are installed with possibility of pairwise joint movement along each of two pins. Rotary-type armatures consist of the base installed by means of hinges in holes of the load-carrying part fixed on pole tip, and laminated of the part plates. Each of the plates is installed with possibility of longitudinal movement.

EFFECT: increasing impact-and-vibration resistance, possibility of obtaining stable actuation voltage by enabling the control of armature travel and adjoining of armatures to cores when controlling the item parametres.

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Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to electrical apparatuses, and can be used in the design of polarized relays, contactors, remote switches, various automation devices.

Polarized electromagnets are known in which, in the absence of current in the winding, two oppositely directed forces act on the armature created by a branched flux of a permanent magnet. When current flows in the winding, a working stream arises in the magnetic system, passing sequentially through the working gaps. In this case, with the corresponding polarity of the voltage supplied to the winding, in some working gaps, these flows are added, and in others they are subtracted. At a certain value of the current, the armature is transferred to another position (1. Roizen VZ Electromagnetic small-sized relays. 2. Gordon AV, Slivanskaya AG Polarized electromagnets. - M .: Energy 1964. 3. Roizen V. Z. Small-sized polarized relays and remote switches - M .: Energy 1969).

Known polarized electromagnet (patent SU No. 1784104 from 12.23.1992), which contains a magnetic circuit in the form of two rods parallel to each other with pole tips and windings, a rotary type anchor mounted on an axis and made of two parts located at the ends of the carrier parts, permanent magnets located between the pole pieces.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a polarized electromagnet according to the application RU No. 93001323/07 of 01.11.1993, containing a magnetic circuit consisting of two parallel rods with pole tips and windings located on the rods, a rotary type anchor, consisting of two parts installed in supporting parts with the possibility of interaction with the pole pieces, in addition, the electromagnet contains permanent magnets located between the pole pieces and having the direction of the magnetization axes from the bottom of the core of the magnetic circuit to another, moreover, the parts of the armature have independent axes and are pivotally connected to the supporting part.

Both of the above solutions have the following disadvantages:

a) there is no possibility of changing the course of the anchor in the regulatory process, acceptable for production;

b) there is no possibility of additional regulation of the fit of the anchor to the cores if it is necessary to change the course of the armature, nor is it possible to eliminate the backlash of the armature on the axis formed due to manufacturing tolerances. If there is play, even in one of the holes there is a bounce of the anchor and, as a result, a decrease in shock and vibration resistance, the anchor hangs, and the operation voltage fluctuates.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the shock and vibration resistance, the ability to obtain a stable operating voltage by creating the ability to control the course of the armature and the fit of the anchors to the cores in the process of adjusting the parameters of the product.

This technical result is achieved in that in a polarized electromagnet containing a magnetic circuit, made in the form of two rods parallel to each other, on which windings and pole pieces are placed, between which there are permanent magnets with the direction of the magnetization axes from one rod to another, as well as two rotary type anchors installed in the supporting part in accordance with the invention, pole pieces are mounted for pairwise joint movement along each of the two rods d, and the rotary type anchors consist of a base pivotally mounted in the holes of the supporting part, mounted on the pole tip and lined with parts of the plates, each of the plates being installed with the possibility of longitudinal movement.

The essential features sufficient to achieve the technical result provided by the invention are the following:

a) cores - magnetic circuits with coils have pole tips, a pair of which with a magnet between them form a monolithic unit - a pole, the anchor contains a working part laden from the plates, the plates are mounted for movement and attached with screws;

b) the tips in the pole, each of which has a groove (for movement on a flat core) or a round hole (in the case where the core for the coil is round), can move freely on the core - magnetic circuits and be fixed in the right place for a specific armature with using screws.

The drawings show the claimed polarized electromagnet:

- figure 1 - pole pieces made with grooves for flat cores and with a permanent magnet between them, located on a common magnetically non-conductive bracket;

- figure 2 - electromagnet assembly with anchors attached to the traverse, and cores;

- figure 3 - electromagnet assembly with an anchor and cores, the working part of the armature is made of thin plates with the ability to move and fix them with screws;

- figure 4 is a diagram of the operation of an electromagnet with two poles with anchors and a connecting beam connecting them.

The polarized electromagnet (FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4) contains a magnetic circuit made of two rods 1 and 1 ', at the ends of which are installed a pair of tips 2 and 2' parallel to each other; windings 3 and 3 'located on the rods 1 and 1'; permanent magnets 4 and 4 ', located between the pole pieces and having the direction of the magnetization axes from one rod to another; two rotary type anchors 5 and 5 ', located opposite the corresponding pairs of pole pieces and having working bodies: plates 6 and 6', attached with the possibility of longitudinal movement in the horizontal direction; bearing parts 7 and 7 'on which pole pieces are mounted with rods 1 and 1' in the grooves of the tips (or in round holes). On the axes 8 and 8 'installed in the holes of the bracket 7, anchors 5 and 5' are installed, attached at the bottom to the crosshead 9.

The inventive polarized electromagnet operates as follows.

In the initial position, one of the anchors and the relay contacts are open. The main stream of both magnets closes through another anchor closed to the cores.

When power is applied to the windings 3 and 3 ', the working stream Ф _p excited by them is sequentially closed through both anchors 5 and 5'. In this case, the flux Φ _{n of} permanent magnets 4 and 4 'and the working flux Φ _{p of the} windings 3 and 3' in the gap a and a 'add up, and are subtracted in the gap b and b'. This leads to the transfer of anchors 5 and 5 'to a new stable position.

When the windings 3 and 3 'are de-energized, the armature 5 is open, and the armature 5' is closed and held by the flux Φ _{n of} permanent magnets 4.

When reverse polarity is applied to the windings 3 and 3 ', both anchors return to their original state.

In the claimed invention, in the process of assembling the device, the installation of the armature course, clearances and contact pressures, traction, depending on the abutment of the working surface of the armature to the working surface of the magnetic circuit (pole tip) is made by installing the pole pieces by moving them along the rods and fixing them with screws 10 and 10 '.

It also establishes the fit of the laminated plates 6 and 6 'of the anchors to the working surfaces 11 and 11', is established only once during the assembly of a separately assembled node of the pole. By moving each plate 6 and 6 ', the anchors 5 and 5' are installed with the greatest possible fit and without play, previously bringing the working surface of the anchors into contact with the working surfaces of the tips 11 and 11 '. In this case, the technological tolerance of the distances from the axis of rotation 8 and 8 'to the working surfaces of the pole pieces 11 and 11' is taken into account. In the absence of laminated plates (for example, as one plate 6 is shown in Fig. 2), the working surfaces, for the indicated reasons, cannot adhere as required, therefore, the pulling forces of the anchors vary over a wide range (they can be twice as different on the right and left anchors ) and in this regard, the operating voltages are not the same. This adversely affects the stability of the device. In this regard, stable parameters of the device cannot be achieved.

In addition, during the regulation process, it is possible to change the course of the armature by loosening the screws 10 and 10 'and moving the pole pieces on the rods. When moving the poles from the center, the course of the anchors increases, when moving to the center, the course decreases.

In the case of the installation of one solid plate 6 and 6 'at the anchor (see figure 2), reducing or increasing the stroke of the armature by moving the bearing brackets 7 and 7' on the rods or moving the solid plates 6 and 6 'at the anchor changes the distance from the center of rotation of the axes 8 and 8 'to the adjacent points of the working surfaces of the armature and core. The fit is not sufficiently observed. It is possible only with a different configuration of the part 6, made only for this move. Such a product is not regulated. It is designed for the only possible course of the anchor. But even in this case, it is not well regulated on this move, since the achievement of the necessary tolerances of geometric dimensions requires special equipment to achieve high manufacturing accuracy.

Claims (1)

A polarized electromagnet containing a magnetic circuit made in the form of two rods parallel to each other, on which windings and pole pieces are placed, between which there are permanent magnets with the direction of the magnetization axes from one rod to another, as well as two rotary type anchors installed in the supporting part characterized in that the pole pieces are installed in pairs with the possibility of joint movement along the rods, and the rotary type anchors consist of a base pivotally mounted in ERSTU carrier member attached to the pole piece and the laminated portion of the plates, wherein each of the plates is mounted for longitudinal movement.

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