RU2396308C2 - Rapeseed oil based hydraulic fluid for agricultural equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in hydraulic systems of machines and mechanisms used in cultivation, sowing, harvesting and processing crops under field conditions, as well as in the processing and food industry. The rapeseed oil based fluid contains 0.5-1% multifunctional Valena additives.

EFFECT: more reliable operation of units and aggregates of hydraulic systems of different machines with provision for hygienic and environmental safety.

3 tbl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the composition of working fluids used in the hydraulic systems of machines and mechanisms used in soil cultivation, sowing, harvesting and processing crops in the field, as well as in the processing and food industries, with the aim of improving hygiene and environmental safety. The working fluid contains 0.5-1.0% of the multifunctional additive "Valena" and up to 100% vegetable rapeseed oil. The developed working fluid provides reduced wear of friction pairs of hydraulic systems of agricultural machinery, and also allows you to replace environmentally and hygienically hazardous oils in many industries.

Known working fluids based on petroleum and synthetic oils and various additives. The most common mineral oil used in hydraulic systems of agricultural machinery is M-10-B ₂ [1].

However, such lubricant compositions are harmful to the environment due to low biodegradability and ecotoxicity. For example, mineral oil decomposes by 25% after 7 days and only by 45% after 21 days, and 1 gram of mineral oil, once in the ground, infects 25 cm ^{2 of the} land where vegetation does not grow. In turn, rapeseed oil decomposes in the ground after 98 days by 98%, and after 21 days - by 100%.

Known lubricant composition based on rapeseed oil used for lubrication of machines and mechanisms [2]. However, due to the fact that this lubricating composition was developed as a transmission oil, it is unsuitable for use in hydraulic systems of agricultural machines.

The closest analogue is rapeseed oil, which is taken as a prototype [3].

Nevertheless, studies have shown that rapeseed oil when used as a working fluid has significant drawbacks - primarily, insufficient antiwear and extreme pressure properties during long-term operation.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a working fluid from renewable resources of plant origin, used as a working fluid in the hydraulic systems of agricultural machines in soil treatment, sowing, harvesting and processing crops, as well as in the processing and food industries, with the aim of improving hygiene and environmental safety.

The solution to this problem is achieved by replacing petroleum and synthetic oils with rapeseed vegetable oil with the addition of the multifunctional additive "Valena" [4] in an amount of 0.5 ... 1.0%. The lower content of the additive does not provide the necessary anti-wear properties. An additive content of more than 1.0% improves these properties slightly with a significant increase in the cost of the developed working fluid.

Investigations of the wear process of the samples were carried out on an MTU - 01 type friction machine during sliding friction. Cylindrical samples were made of SCh 21 cast iron. A 15K steel disk with heat treatment to a hardness of HRC 56 ... 63 was used as a counter sample. The combination of samples and counter-sample allowed to obtain a pair of friction cast iron - steel, corresponding to such parts of the valve, as the body and spool. The tests were carried out for two hours with a rotation speed of 650 min under a load of 300 N. During the tests, wear of the samples, temperature of the lubricating medium, and friction coefficient were recorded (tables 1, 2; Figs. 1, 2).

Table 1 The dependence of the coefficient of friction on the composition of the working fluid The composition of the working fluid Coefficient of friction Rapeseed oil 0,085 Rapeseed oil + 0.6% Valen 0,088 Rapeseed oil + 0.7% Valen 0,048 Rapeseed oil + 0.8% Valen 0,057 Rapeseed oil + 0.9% Valena 0.024 Rapeseed oil + 1.0% Valena 0,043 Rapeseed oil + 1.1% Valena 0.051

table 2 Dependence of sample wear on the composition of the working fluid The composition of the working fluid Wear, g Rapeseed oil 0,0003 Rapeseed oil + 0.6% Valen 0,0003 Rapeseed oil + 0.7% Valen 0.0001 Rapeseed oil + 0.8% Valen 0.0001 Rapeseed oil + 0.9% Valena 0.0001 Rapeseed oil + 1.0% Valena 0.0001 Rapeseed oil + 1.1% Valena 0,0002

The tests showed that the working fluid of the proposed composition in comparison with mineral oil M-10- _B2 has a higher flash point and lower pour point (table 3), as well as better anti-wear and antifriction properties, antioxidant properties meet the requirements for oil M -10-B ₂ .

Thus, the developed lubricating composition based on rapeseed oil with the addition of the Valena additive ensures the reliability of the components and assemblies of the hydraulic systems of various agricultural machines, and also allows the replacement of environmentally and hygienically hazardous oils in many industries.

Information sources

1. GOST 12337-84. Motor oils for diesel engines. Technical conditions

2. Patent RU 2235759 C2. Edukov V.A., Boldashev G.I., Lenivtsev G.A.

3. Kuliev R.Sh. and others. Physico-chemical properties of certain vegetable oils. "Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils", No. 4 (496), 1999, p. 36-37,

4. Patent RU 2277579 C1. Babel V.G., Garkunov D.A., Mamykin S.M., Kornik P.I.

Claims (1)

The working fluid for hydraulic systems of agricultural machinery based on vegetable rapeseed oil, characterized in that it additionally contains a multifunctional additive "Valena" in a concentration of 0.5-1.0%.