RU2395757C2 - Solar collector - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: invention serves to heat fluid heat carrier. It can be used for hot water supply in utilities services, public catering system bathes and shower cabins, etc. Solar collector comprises housing, heat isolation, transparent isolation, branch pipes, connecting pipes, absorption panel made from a set of thin-walled vessels, each consisting of cylindrical convex and concave parts. Said parts of every vessel are tightly jointed together at 180° and/or 0°. Absorption panel vessels can be arranged at 0° to 90° to horizon.

EFFECT: improved collector properties, ease of manufacture.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to solar technology and is used to heat a liquid coolant. It can be used for hot water in utilities, public catering, baths and showers, and everyday life.

A known solar energy collector for heating a liquid [1], having a solar absorber in its composition, a lining, between the lining and the absorber there is a liquid cavity, a chute for removing heated liquid, inlet and outlet pipes.

The disadvantage of this collector is that it cannot be supplied with liquid under pressure, for example, connected to a water supply, as this creates significant stresses in the collector designs that the collector cannot withstand without destruction.

Known solar thermal collector [2], which incorporates internal absorbing shells, supply and discharge pipes, external transparent insulation.

The disadvantage of this collector is that the ends of each section are not made in the form of hemispheres. With an increase in internal pressure, significant bending moments arise in this place of the shell wall, which can lead to its destruction. To avoid this, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the shell, and this entails an increase in the weight of the structure and its cost.

Closest to the claimed solar collector is a solar collector [3]. It contains a housing, thermal insulation, transparent insulation, an absorbing panel consisting of thin-walled containers, connecting tubes, pipes.

The disadvantage of this design is the technological difficulties encountered in the manufacture of containers. This leads to a rise in the cost of the collector. The solar collector must be installed at a certain angle. If the collector is installed at a different angle when filling it with water, not all air will be forced out of it. In the future, air will prevent the heating of water. This disadvantage significantly reduces the consumer properties of this design.

The aim of the invention is to improve the manufacturability of the design of the collector and improve its consumer properties.

An essential distinguishing feature of the collector is the manufacture of containers from cylindrical and convex-concave parts hermetically mated to each other at an angle of 180 ° and / or 0 °.

A significant advantage of the collector is the ability to manufacture the ends of the containers, both convex and concave, which improves the manufacturability of the collector.

Capacities in the absorbing panel, and, accordingly, in the solar collector, can be located to the horizon at an angle a from 0 ° to 90 °.

Figure 1 shows a section of a solar collector with an inclined arrangement of containers. It consists of a housing 1, thermal insulation 2, an absorbing panel 3, transparent insulation 4, nozzles 5 and 6. The absorbing panel, in turn, consists of a set of containers 7, interconnected by connecting tubes 8. The absorbing panel is attached to the housing.

The advantage of a solar collector with an inclined arrangement of capacities is that this collector can be installed with a different inclination in the range from 0 ° to 90 °

Figure 2 shows a view of this solar collector from the side of transparent insulation. The transparent insulation is conditionally removed.

Each tank consists of thin-walled parts. Each of the parts has a cylindrical or convex-concave shape. These parts mate with each other at an angle of 0 ° and / or 180 °. This is done so that all parts of the shell, when created inside the pressure, experience only tensile or compressive forces. In this case, the shell can withstand significant pressure.

Figure 3 shows an example of the manufacture of containers. It consists of three parts: a cylindrical part and two convex-concave parts. Convex-concave parts are attached to the cylindrical part from the ends. In this case, one of the convex-concave parts with its surface mates with the surface of the cylindrical part at an angle of 180 °, the other - 0 °. This increases the manufacturability of the design.

Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the manufacture of containers. In it, both convex-concave parts mate with the cylindrical part at an angle of 0 °. This option is the most technologically advanced.

It is possible to use similar containers in the collector with their horizontal arrangement. Figure 5 shows a solar collector with a horizontal arrangement of capacities, a view from the side of transparent insulation. The transparent insulation is conditionally removed. This option is reflected in paragraph 1 of the claims.

The solar collector operates as follows. Figure 6 shows an example of a solar collector connection diagram. The solar collector 9 is installed in an inclined position. To the lower branch pipe is connected to the pipeline 10, coming from the water supply with cold water. The pipe 11 connected to the hot water consumer is connected to the upper pipe. A valve 12 is installed on this pipeline. If the valve 12 is opened, then cold water will flow through the discharge pipe 11 into the reservoirs of the collector. In this case, air is displaced through the pipe 11 into the atmosphere. This continues until the water fills the entire internal volume of the reservoirs. After that, the valve 12 closes. The solar collector uses the greenhouse effect. The sun's rays 13, penetrating through the transparent insulation, are absorbed by the panel 3. The coating is heated, and with it the tank 3 and the water that is in them are heated. Cooling of containers is prevented by transparent insulation on one side and thermal insulation on the other. In case of consumer demand for hot water, valve 12 opens. Cold water flows through line 11 to the bottom of the tanks. At the same time, hot water is displaced from the collector and enters the consumer.

It is advisable to make containers and connecting tubes from stainless steel, for example, grade 12X18H9T. This ensures high hygienic properties of the collector and its durability. In addition, stainless steel 12X18H9T has good weldability and ductility. This ensures high adaptability of the collector.

Conclusion: The present design of the solar collector is more technological and has better consumer properties compared to the prototype.

Literature

1. Solar collector for heating fluid. Sonnenkollektor zur Erwarmunq eines Fluides. Application Germany 4104638, M. cl. F24J 2/48, cost Kurlfried. No. 4104638.2 declared 02/15/1991, publ. 08/20/1992.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 1386816, M. cl. F24J 2/02. M.M. Severtsev, M.G. Morozov, V.V. Chugai and V.N.Datkov. Solar thermal collector 10/28/1986, publ. 04/07/1988, bull. No. 13.

3. Kharchenko V.M. Solar collector, patent of Russia No. 2800914, M. cl. F24J 2/04, priority of April 16, 2001, published March 20, 2003

Claims (2)

1. A solar collector comprising a housing, thermal insulation, transparent insulation, pipes, connecting tubes, an absorbing panel made of a set of thin-walled containers, each of which consists of a cylindrical and convex-concave parts, characterized in that the parts of each container are hermetically mated to each other at an angle of 180 ° and / or 0 °. 2. The solar collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the capacities of the absorbing panel are located to the horizon at an angle α from 0 to 90 °.

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