RU2395308C2 - Method of corporally-focused psychotherapy - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to corporally-focused psychotherapy and can be used for correction of psychoemotional state of the patient via deep muscle tension activity, and also in the general therapeutic practice. The patient is prepared, namely: lied flat on back with the body covered with a cloth up to his chin, eyes closed to feel deeper sensations during a session. Then the patient's body is consequently treated to detect deep muscle tensions by the doctor's perception and to cure them with using the following techniques, namely the patient's body is massaged through the cloth with a heel of the hand moving bottom up with using petrissage only. The relaxation effect on the muscle tensions found is intensified by fixing the patient's attention on these tensions and the following petrissage massage. Herewith, psychoemotional state changes and/or painful sensation change in the appropriate organs related with these muscles and/or adjacent thereto. The petrissage massage is performed to enable the relaxation effect of deep muscle tensions. Herewith, the relaxation effect of deep muscle tensions is intensified by repeating the manipulations under the method every 1-3 days with total number of sessions 5-15 included in the therapeutic course to achieve a permanent effect. Duration of a session of the corporally-focused psychotherapy is specified within the range of 20-30 minutes to be gradually increased between sessions to 1 hour.

EFFECT: method enables the health-improving effect by multipurpose exposure on the patient's body; it is physiologic, noninvasive drug-free modality also used to prevent a variety of diseases.

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Description

Field of knowledge

The invention relates to medicine, namely to the field of body-oriented psychotherapy, and can be used to correct the patient's psychoemotional state through work with deep muscle tension of the body, as well as in general therapeutic practice for the prevention and treatment of various diseases associated with structural and functional disorders conditions of the spine, joints, musculo-ligamentous formations, blood vessels of the circulatory and lymphatic system, peripheral nervous system, etc.

Knowledge level

The task of correction of the psychoemotional state arises in practical psychotherapy in patients with manifestations of neurosis, vegetovascular dystonia, astheno-neurotic syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, etc. There are known methods of treating these conditions - drug (pharmacological), psychotherapeutic - psychoanalysis, neurolinguistic programming, etc. ([1] Psychotherapeutic Encyclopedia (edited by B.D. Karvasarsky. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1999. - 752 p .; [2] Lupichev NL Electropuncture diagnostics, homeotherapy and the phenomenon of long-range effects. Ed. A.E. .Vagin, artist I.V. Maslennikov. - M .: Irius, 1990. - 136 p.). It should be noted that the known methods of psychotherapy for the correction of the patient’s psycho-emotional state require a long temporary effect and do not use direct effects on the muscles of the body. General practitioners do not at all take into account the state of the muscles of the body in the treatment of such patients. body, emotions and mind is confirmed by research and is reflected, for example, in [3] - Nemchin TA The state of neuropsychic stress. - L .: LSU, 1983, [4] - Wright S. Heal yourself: Recipes for emotional health: Translated from English / Art. Kirichek - Rostov n / A: Phoenix, 2005, [5] - Velkhover ES, et al. Health Locators. - Moscow: Mol. Gvardiya, 1991, [6]. Kretschmer E Body structure and character, [7] Sigle B. Health of the mind - health of the body: Translated from English / B. Sigl; Per. E.A. Martinkevich - Minsk; 1998, as well as in others. The connection between the body and the mind can be achieved by different methods - hypnosis, yoga, visualization, relaxation exercises. To some extent, these methods are implemented, for example, in ancient Tibetan medicine, the system of yogis, Ayurveda, etc. There is a complex interaction: a combination of physical exercises, special postures and types of breathing with a certain spiritual and mental work and focus on various internal and external objects. It is known that a clearer (and wider) awareness of a person’s bodily sensations already gives a therapeutic effect that removes many neurotic conditions and problems ([8] Pacheko KB. Healing through awareness. Transl. From English, Portuguese. - M .: “ Red proletariat ").

In famous works, the unity of the mental and physical in a person is recognized, but in the field of modern practical psychotherapy, unidirectional influence through the psyche on somatics is still more common. This, of course, is an important way, effectively used for the prevention and treatment of many psychosomatic disorders and diseases. However, the return path (action through the somatics on the psyche) is not used so widely and effectively. An example of attempts at such effects is relaxation exercises, which are good for removing the negative effects of prolonged stress that depresses the immune system. So some attempts to remove emotional injuries are known in [9] - Shapiro F. Psychotherapy of emotional injuries using eye movements. Per. with English / F. Shapiro; Ed. A.F. Bondarenko, trans. A.S. Rigin. - M.: Class, 1998.

The connection of the body, emotions and mind precisely in the direction of influencing the psyche through somatics is confirmed by research and is reflected in the works of V. Reich, A. Lowen, Jacobson, Alexander, I. Rolf, due to which there was a direction in medicine - body-oriented psychotherapy ([10 Reich V. Character analysis. Technique and basic principles for students and practicing analysts / Translation. General editorship and introductory article by A.V. Rossokhin. - M.: TERRA-Book Club; Republic, 1999; [11] Reich V. . Analysis of personality. M: "KSP +", St. Petersburg: "Juventa", 1999; [12] Lowen A. Physical dynamics with character structures. M., 1998; [13] Reading book on body-oriented psychotherapy and psychotechnics (under the editorship of V. Baskakov). M., 1997).

The closest to the proposed method is the theory of Wilhelm Reich [11], who was the first to formulate the concept of muscle carapace and proposed to work with it through deep breathing, physical effects on muscle tension of the body (clamps) and psychoanalysis of the patient's condition. In the method proposed by him, direct work with muscles to correct the patient’s psycho-emotional state is justified theoretically, is not the main one, involves occasional use and does not have a clearly formulated system of practical implementation.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is the creation of a method of body-oriented psychotherapy (creating a method of correcting the psycho-emotional state of a person and the healing effect on his body), based on the physical effect on the deep muscle tension of the body, which has a high healing effect and does not require a long temporary effect. The author posed and solved the problem of implementing a physiological, non-invasive method of non-drug treatment and prevention of a number of diseases.

The problem is solved in that in the known method of body-oriented psychotherapy, including the physical effect on muscle tension of the body by massage, according to the invention, the method is carried out by conducting sessions of body-oriented psychotherapy, each of which includes operations of the proposed method - preliminary patient preparation, sequential, in accordance with the developed scheme of work with the patient’s body, the detection of deep muscle tension in certain parts of the patient’s body, during the effect on the detected deep muscle tension by massage until relaxation of the detected deep muscle tension in the respective muscle groups is achieved, the patient’s attention is fixed on these stresses, the relaxation effect of the detected deep muscle tension is deepened until they are completely eliminated, the patient’s psychoemotional state and / or pain changes are controlled in the corresponding organs associated with these muscles and / or located close to them.

In addition, it is provided:

when exposed to massage, the latter is produced through tissue and with only one method - kneading, aimed at detecting and relaxing deep muscle clamps - muscle carapace;

a body-oriented psychotherapy session is repeated with an interval of 1-3 days with the total number of sessions per treatment course, to deepen the relaxation of discovered muscle tension and achieve a lasting effect, in the amount of 5-15;

the duration of the body-oriented psychotherapy session is set in the range from 20-30 minutes with a gradual increase from session to session up to 1 hour.

The implementation of the invention

The method is as follows.

First, preliminary preparation of the patient is carried out. At the beginning of the session, the patient is placed on a massage couch on his back. The doctor (healer) asks him to close his eyes so that the patient can better feel his feelings during the session. The patient’s body is covered with a sheet or a diaper to the chin. The doctor focuses the patient on breathing during the session, asking him not to hold his breath during pain. It is desirable that breathing be rhythmic. Then the doctor with soft rhythmic kneading movements with the base of the palm (and / or elbow, if necessary) sequentially, in accordance with the developed scheme of work with the patient’s body, detects deep muscle tension in certain parts of the patient’s body. In this case, the doctor (healer) works, with a consistent emphasis on the following muscle areas, with certain parts of the patient’s body in accordance with the developed scheme of working with the patient’s body, most often in the following sequence - the muscles of the front of the thighs, muscles of the abdomen, chest, shoulders, neck, face.

First, the doctor (healer) detects tension in the muscles of the front of the thighs and works with them: conducts an action on the muscle carapace - massage of the stressed muscle groups, applying the kneading method and fixing the patient's attention to these stresses, deepens the relaxation effect, while controlling the changes in the patient's psychoemotional state and / or changes in pain in the corresponding muscles and / or closely located organs associated with these stresses.

Further, the muscles of the abdomen, chest, shoulders, neck, face are treated in the same way. On the muscles of the face, work is done with your fingertips, without using tissue.

While working on the stomach and chest of the patient, they are periodically asked to take a deep breath with their stomach or chest (depending on what they are working on) and exhale as much as possible. This is to deepen the effect of relaxation.

Then the patient is turned, and after the patient is turned over on the stomach, the doctor works with the muscles of the back of the legs, the muscles along the spine.

At the end of the session, the doctor conducts with long stroking movements from the head to the hands, along the spine to the patient's legs.

The session lasts from 30 minutes to 1 hour. To achieve a lasting effect, 5 to 15 sessions are required.

The differences of the proposed method of therapeutic and recreational effects on the human body, which is actually a method of body-oriented psychotherapy (TOP) are as follows.

When implementing the proposed method, work is mainly carried out only with the muscles of the body, without going into verbal therapy. The body is processed according to a clear scheme, in which the following stress zones are distinguished - standard for most patients:

- a block of deep abdominal muscles in the navel,

- a block in the epigastric zone,

- a block in the area of the pectoral and intercostal muscles,

- shoulders and trapezius muscles,

- neck muscles,

- chewing and facial muscles.

Work everywhere, except for the cervical and facial muscles, is done with the base of the palm (and / or elbow, if necessary), since only this massage technique allows you to detect deep and superficial muscle clamps.

The work is done through a thin cloth, since working on open skin makes it harder to detect a clamp.

Massage is performed first on the front surface of the body, as the patient feels open and defenseless with such a therapist, which allows you to enhance the psycho-emotional effect through the body. In the part of massage, when the patient turns on his stomach, the feeling of security returns, the patient relaxes deeper and at the end of the session he feels changes in health. The proposed method differs from general and therapeutic massage in that it uses only one method - kneading, the effect is made through tissue, the effect is aimed at detecting and relaxing deep muscle clamps.

Mechanism of action.

Any human organ is a part of its human being, which can be imaginatively represented as a “volumetric” structure, which includes the physical body with all its anatomical functional features and the mental body, which is the totality of the emotional, mental, sensual sphere of man. This "volume" is permeated with a great many connections. These connections can translate pathological deformations that occur in the deep layers of the “volume” of a person to the surface areas of the physical body, as well as the connections themselves can become tense and make painful changes.

In all varieties of body-oriented therapy, the concept of biological energy is used (see the works of V. Reich, A. Lowen, etc.). The essence of the proposed approach is that suppressed emotions create zones of chronic stress in the body that are not recognized by the patient. By themselves, these stresses create a constant "leak" of energy in the body, reducing the efficiency of life and creating pathological psycho-emotional stereotypes.

For example, fear is directed into the deep muscles of the abdomen, a “block” is formed there, through which a “leak” of energy occurs, figuratively speaking, a “hole”. At the same time, the “block” itself does not resolve, and by the principle of feedback it begins to “pull out” the emotion suppressed into it; an action is required to relax this muscle block, most often the external one, since the person cannot cope. A person, not wanting to experience negative emotions, unconsciously suppresses fear again. The "block" is maintained and enhanced. Then everything repeats.

In the process of mechanical kneading of muscle tension, the doctor (healer) achieves a reduction or complete relaxation of the “block”, as a result, stops the “leakage” of energy - physical well-being improves and through the release of emotions suppressed into the “block”, the pathological emotional stereotype breaks down through catharsis.

Through the freedom of the body from “blocks”, liberation from mechanical emotional reactions occurs. In addition, when implementing the method, the deep layers of the muscles are worked out, which also contributes to more intensive microcirculation of blood, lymph, interstitial fluid and the strengthening of metabolic and regulatory processes. The proposed method has a multifunctional effect on the human body, is a physiological, non-invasive method of non-drug treatment and prevention of a number of diseases.

Examples of carrying out the invention

Example 1. Patient L.P., 40 years old, complained of difficulty swallowing, a sense of fear, anxiety, a constant feeling of tension. The condition developed after several close relatives died in a short time. Due to the difficulty of swallowing, she could not eat solid food, she lost 20 kg in 3 months. Within 2 months before treatment, she was treated by a psychotherapist with a slight improvement. Received tranquilizers and antidepressants.

She underwent treatment of body-oriented psychotherapy with an emphasis on relieving tension from the muscles of the neck, chest, lower jaw. The course was 10 sessions every other day. In the process of treatment, the condition improved - the patient notes a significant decrease in anxiety and fear, increased efficiency. The ability to swallow solid food was restored.

Example 2. Patient N., 45 years old, complained of dizziness that occurs when walking, accompanied by a feeling of fear, loss of consciousness. The condition arose after the stress associated with participating in a lawsuit. She received treatment for 4 months in the Department of Neurosis, and spa treatment with practically no effect.

On examination, a zone of severe tension in the abdomen, constrained shoulders, tension in the muscles of the face and peri-ocular muscles were revealed. 15 sessions were conducted with an emphasis on the above zones. After the 4th and 5th sessions, emotional catharsis occurred in the form of a sharp change of mood, outbursts of anger, followed by tearfulness. Further, as the deep muscles of the abdomen and face relaxed, the patient's condition progressively improved, and at the time of the end of the treatment the dizziness stopped and the attacks of fear disappeared.

Information sources

1. Psychotherapeutic encyclopedia (under the editorship of BD Karvasarsky). - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1999.

2. Lupichev N.L. Electropuncture diagnostics, homeotherapy and the phenomenon of long-range action. ed. A.E. Vagin, thin. I.V. Maslennikov. - M .: Irius, 1990.

3. Nemchin T.A. State of mental stress. - L .: Leningrad State University, 1983.

4. Wright S. Heal yourself: Recipes of emotional health: Trans. with English / Hood. Kirichek - Rostov n / a. Phoenix, 2005.

5. Welhover ES et al. Health locators. - M.: Mol. Guard, 1991 .-- 208 s (Eureka)

6. Kretschmer E. Body structure and character.

7. Sigle B. Health of the mind - body health: Trans. from English / B. Sigle; Per. E.A. Martinkevich. - Minsk: Potpourri, 1998.

8.K.B. Pacheco. Healing through awareness. Per. from English, Portuguese - M .: “The Red Proletariat”, 1994. International Society of Analytical Trilogy.

9. Shapiro F. Psychotherapy of emotional trauma through eye movements. Per. with English / F. Shapiro; ed. A.F. Bondarenko. Per. A.S. Rigin. - M.: Class, 1998.

10. Reich V. Character analysis. Technique and basic principles for students and practicing analysts / Translation: General. ed. and entry. Art. A.V. Rossokhina. - M .: TERRA Book Club; Republic, 1999.

11. Reich V. Analysis of personality. M .: "KSP +", St. Petersburg: "Juventa", 1999.

12. Lowen A. Physical dynamics of character structure. M., 1998.

13. Reading book on body-oriented psychotherapy and psychotechnics (edited by V. Baskakov). M., 1997.

Claims (3)

1. The method of body-oriented psychotherapy, including physical impact on the patient’s body by massage, characterized in that the patient is first prepared, namely: the patient is laid on his back, the entire surface of the patient’s body is covered with tissue, the patient is asked to close his eyes so that he could better feel his sensations during the session, carry out sequential work with the patient’s body, conduct detection of deep muscle tension according to the doctor’s sensations and act on them afterwards methods, namely: through the tissue with the base of the palm while moving from bottom to top over the patient’s body, massage is performed using only the kneading technique, deepen the relaxation effect of the detected deep muscle tension by fixing the patient’s attention to these stresses and further massage with the kneading technique, control changes in the psychoemotional state the patient and / or changes in pain in the corresponding organs associated with these muscles and / or close to them, the effect of kneading is carried out to obtain the effect of deep muscle relaxation stress. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the deepening of the relaxation effect of deep muscle tension is produced by repeating the operations of the method with an interval of 1-3 days with the total number of sessions per course of therapeutic and recreational effects to achieve a lasting effect in the amount of 5-15. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the duration of the body-oriented psychotherapy session is set in the range from 20-30 minutes with a gradual increase from session to session up to 1 hour.