RU23949U1 - STEAM BOILER - Google Patents

Description

The utility model relates to a power system and can find application in the design of water tube boilers.

Known boiler made of cast-iron sections of the arch type, interconnected by means of a nipple connection, some of which are connected to a common inlet, and part to a common outlet collector L. 1.

Such a boiler is characterized by increased weight, a rather complicated design, low efficiency and relatively low reliability in operation due to its performance from cast iron, which is an unstable material in the conditions of a sharp temperature drop.

Also known boiler unit containing placed in the flue of the heating surface made of pipes L.2.

However, the boiler unit described in L.2 is characterized by relatively low efficiency with increased discharge of sludge deposits into the atmosphere and fuel consumption.

Also known is a hot-water boiler containing a furnace and convection parts made of pipes, while the furnace part is made in the form of packages of pipes from two side, ceiling and curved screens, and the convection part is made in the form of packages of pipes with lower distributing and upper collecting manifolds, the first of which are connected to the common inlet, and the second to the common outlet collectors, while it contains additionally inserted plugs installed in the lower distribution and upper collecting manifolds, In order to change the direction of water in the tubes of the bags, at the places of installation of the plugs there are placed partition walls made of heat-resistant material, designed to change the direction of movement of flue gases from the furnace part, while part of the upper collecting manifolds is located above the furnace part and serves as its ceiling screen connected to a common a collector designed to direct water to the side and curved screens of the furnace part

The hot water boiler described in L.Z. has higher efficiency compared to the boiler unit according to L. 2 due to an increase in water circulation due to the passage of exhaust gases through the convective part and thereby ensuring pre-heating of the water while reducing the emission of sediments into the atmosphere and a sharp decrease in consumption fuel. However, along with this, it is characterized by limited functionality due to the possibility of its use only in the hot water mode and the inability to use it in the steam boiler mode.

A useful model solves the problem of creating a steam boiler, characterized by wide functional capabilities due to the possibility of using it in both steam and hot water boiler modes, with high efficiency and reduced emissions of sludge deposits into the atmosphere.

To solve this problem, the boiler is hot-water containing the furnace and convection parts made of pipes, while the furnace part is made in the form of packets of pipes of two side screens formed by the extreme sections, a curved screen formed by the middle sections and collecting collectors of the middle sections, and convective the part is made in the form of a package of pipes with lower distributing and upper collecting manifolds, the first of which are connected to the common input, and the second to the common output collectors, at

this part of the upper collecting manifolds is located above the furnace part and serves as its ceiling screen, and in the lower distributing and upper collecting manifolds in the zone of connection of the pipes with the collectors are plugs designed to change the direction of movement of water in the pipes of the packages, in the places where the plugs are installed, dividing partitions from heat-resistant material, it is proposed, according to this utility model, to introduce a steam collector connected to the upper output manifold using a valve, while in the upper irayuschih collectors secondary sections in the zone located outside the installation packages pipe stub located lower middle sections handing collectors connected to a common collector being flue, and by means of a curved screen - with the upper outlet manifold.

The utility model is illustrated by the example of the drawings, which are: FIG. 1 is a side view (lateral - extreme section) of the boiler, a right-side view (right section) of the boiler is not shown, since it is similar to that shown in FIG. 1 taking into account the mirror image, FIG. 2 is a top view of the boiler, FIG. 3 - the middle section of the boiler, the number of which can be any depending on the production needs of the boiler.

The boiler contains a topocouple part consisting of two side screens made in the form of packages of pipes 1, collecting collectors 2 of middle sections and a curved screen made in the form of a package of pipes

Packages of pipes 1 and 3, respectively, of the side and curved screens, as well as the upper collecting collector 2 of the middle sections are connected to each other and to a common output collector 4.

Moreover, part of the upper collecting collectors 2 is located above the furnace part and serves as its ceiling screen.

The convective part of the boiler is also formed in the form of packets of pipes 5 connected to the lower distributing collectors 6 and upper collecting collectors 2.

The lower distributing manifolds 6 of the middle sections are connected to a common manifold, which is the combustion manifold 7, and connected to a common input manifold 8. In addition, the lower distributing manifolds 6 are connected using a curved screen made in the form of a package of pipes 3, with the upper output manifold 4 .

In the lower distributing manifolds 6 and the upper collecting manifolds 2, plugs 9 are installed in the zone of connection of the pipes with the collectors, designed to change the direction of movement of water in the pipes 5 and 1 of the bags.

In the places where the plugs 9 are installed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boiler, dividing walls 10 are made of heat-resistant material, such as refractory bricks, asbestos, etc., which prevent the direct passage of flue gases from the furnace part.

The upper output manifold 4 is connected to a steam collector 11, designed for the boiler to operate in steam mode, using a valve 12.

In the upper collecting manifolds 2 of the middle sections in the area outside the pipes 5, plugs 13 are installed.

The output manifold 4 has a valve 14, designed for operation of the boiler in the hot water mode.

The boiler operates as follows.

a) steam

Water intended for heating and generating steam comes from the heating system and is directed along the arrow made by the dotted line to the common input manifold 8 (see Fig. 1), evenly distributed along the pipes 5 of the convection part and along the pipes 1 forming the side screens extreme sections, rises to the upper collecting manifolds 2, Due to the presence of internal plugs 9, water moves from the lower distributing collector 6 to the upper collecting manifold 2 of each section and vice versa, i.e. cyclically, moving in a zigzag fashion, reaches the furnace part.

Exhaust gases move from the furnace part made of pipes 1, 3 of the side and curved screens, respectively, as well as flowing along the upper collecting manifolds 2 in the direction opposite to the direction of water movement, in the direction indicated by FIG. 1 by a solid thin line between the pipes 5 packets of the convective part, which play the role of flues, and fall into the chimneys of the exhaust pipe. Gases move in a zigzag fashion due to the presence of separation walls 10 of refractory bricks, which significantly reduces the emission of heat and sludge deposits through the chimney into the atmosphere.

Having passed the convective part, it is completed from pipes 5, and one row of the rear wall of the combustion chamber, water heated to a critical temperature, from the upper collecting headers 2 is sent to the combustion manifold 7 located in the furnace part.

In this case, the temperature of the water entering the screens made in the form of pipes 1 and 5 and the upper collecting collectors 2 of the furnace part is much higher than the temperature of the water entering the inlet manifold 8 and located in the reverse heating system due to its passage through the convection part, consisting of pipe package 5. As a result, the water overheats due to exhaust gases.

From the combustion manifold 7, water enters the pipes 3 of the curved screen, and turning into steam, enters the outlet into the outlet manifold

4. From the output manifold 4 with the open valve 12, the steam enters the steam collector 11, while the valve 14 is in the closed state.

b) hot water mode.

Water intended for heating comes from the heating system and is directed in the direction of the arrow, drawn in a dashed line, into the common input manifold 8 (see Fig. 1), evenly distributed along the pipes 5 of the convective part and through the pipes 1 forming the side screens of the extreme sections rises to the upper collecting manifolds 2. Due to the presence of internal plugs 9, water from the upper collecting manifold 2 of each section drops to the lower distributing collector 6, moving in a zigzag fashion, reaches the furnace part.

Exhaust gases move from the furnace part, formed from pipes 1, 3 - respectively of the side and curved screens, as well as by the upper collecting manifolds 2 in the direction opposite to the direction of water movement, along the thin arrow indicated in FIG. 1 by a solid line, between the pipes 5 packets of the convective part, which play the role of flues, and fall into the chimneys of the exhaust pipe. Gases move in a zigzag fashion due to the presence of separation walls 10 of refractory bricks, which significantly reduces the emission of heat and sludge deposits through the chimney into the atmosphere.

Having passed the convective part 1 made of pipes 5 and one row of the back wall of the combustion chamber, water from the upper collecting headers 2 through the lower distributing collectors 6 of the middle sections from the pipes 5 and 1 is directed to the combustion manifold 7 located in the furnace part. From the combustion manifold 7, water through the pipes 3 of the curved screen enters the output manifold 4 and the heating system. In this case, the valve 12 is in the closed state, and the valve 14 is in the open. 6

The temperature of the water supplied to the screens made in the form of pipes 1 and 3 and the upper collecting collectors 2 of the furnace part turns out to be significantly higher than the temperature of the water in the reverse heating system due to its passage through the convective part consisting of a packet of pipes 5. As a result, the water heated by exhaust gases,

In accordance with the claimed decision, technical documentation was developed, the boiler was manufactured and tested in a hot water and steam modes. Positive test results have confirmed its performance, as well as ample opportunities for practical use in the future.

The relatively small dimensions of the boiler, as well as its versatility will allow it to be used in almost any boiler room, regardless of its purpose and size of the room, both in the steam mode and in the hot water boiler.

Literature:

1. Boiler of Energia-ZM hot-water boiler with a manual furnace for coal, form Кt77АОО.ОО.ООО ФО, Nizhne-Tagil sanitary ware production association, Tagilsantekhnika, Kushva, 1979

2.Aut. testimonial. USSR No. 1209990, MGZH F 22 V 21/34, 1984 Z. Patent RF No. 2119131, MPKR24N1 / 12 // R22V21 / 34, 1998.

Claims (1)

A steam boiler containing the furnace and convection parts made of pipes, the furnace part being made in the form of packages of pipes of two side screens formed by the extreme sections, a curved screen formed by the middle sections and collecting collectors of the middle sections, and the convection part is made in the form of a package from pipes with lower distributing and upper collecting manifolds, the first of which are connected to a common input collector, and the second to a common output collector, while part of the upper collecting manifolds is located above the furnace part serves as its ceiling screen, and in the lower distributing and upper collecting manifolds in the zone of connection of the pipes with the collectors are plugs designed to change the direction of movement of water in the pipes of the packages, in the places where the plugs are installed, dividing partitions made of heat-resistant material are located, characterized in that it contains a steam collector connected to the upper output collector by means of a valve, while in the upper collecting headers of the middle sections in the zone outside the installation pipe bundles, plugs are located, while the lower distributing headers of the middle sections are connected to a common collector, which is a furnace, and with a curved screen to the upper output collector.