RU2394637C1 - Cascade-inversion method of mixing and mixer to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: method relates to mixing of solid powder-like components with different moisture content and paste-like components (solid components with fluid ones) and to device to this end. This invention can be used in chemical processes of powder metallurgy, road construction and production of construction materials, etc. Powder materials are transferred inside mixer from its one chamber into another. Material is transferred in first chamber by continuous forcing of materials fed from outside. In the next chambers, material is transferred by continuous forcing of materials forced from previous chambers. Materials are transferred by a rigid element. Mixer comprises open vessel divided into chambers arranged in circle, one after another. Said rigid element is mounted above said chambers and has comical work surface interacting with mixed material. Said rigid element is mounted to swing in circles about cone apex and is coupled with its drive. ^ EFFECT: higher mix homogeneity at reduced power consumption. ^ 23 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for mixing solid powder components of different humidity with each other and pasty (solid components with liquid) and devices for implementing these methods.

Mixing solid powder components with each other and with liquids is widely used in various fields of technology, and in particular in chemical processes, powder metallurgy, road construction and the manufacture of construction products, foundry, etc.

When mixing, they achieve that the mixture obtains such a uniformity that in all its mass there will be the same composition and uniform distribution of all components.

Two mixing methods are widely known.

The method of free mixing (gravitational), when the mixing is carried out in drum mixers of various shapes, in which, when the drums rotate, the materials to be mixed are lifted together with the wall and then discharged from the wall, thereby achieving mixing of the mixture.

Despite the simplicity of the method and its economy in energy costs, as well as the simplicity of the design of the mixers, it is of little use for most mixtures, which, for example, are used in factories of concrete products, refractories, metallurgy (foundry), etc.

The method of forced mixing, in which mixing is carried out by various moving, located inside the mixer tank, blades, blades, strokes, scrapers and the like elements (see, for example, the book by V.L. Parashchuk and N.A. Yudelson. Construction and road machines Mashgiz. M., 1959, p. 254 and a book by S. S. Kiparisov and O. V. Padalko. Equipment for powder metallurgy enterprises. Metallurgy, M., 1988, p. 94-98).

The quality of products made from mixtures largely depends on the thoroughness of mixing, which is characterized by their homogeneity (uniformity in all parts of the mixture).

Runner ones are considered to be the best mixers due to the movement of powder materials in them in the vertical and horizontal directions and the effect of grinding due to slippage of the surface of the runners when moving in circular orbits of different diameters.

Their disadvantages are low productivity and high energy and metal consumption per unit of production, as well as undesirable crushing of particles due to their compression between two rigid surfaces of the bowl and runner.

The technical task was to invent a new method of mixing and a device for its implementation. The new method should provide no less effective mixing than in slide mixers, and the device for implementing the method — the mixer — should be much less energy-intensive and metal-intensive per unit of production and not crush particles due to their compression between two rigid surfaces.

The problem is solved in that in the new method, called cascade-inversion, powder materials are transferred in the mixer sequentially from one compartment of the mixer tank to another, from another to the next, and the movement of material in the first compartment is formed by constant pumping of the mixed powder materials coming from the external medium, and in subsequent compartments, the movement of material is formed by constant pumping of mixed powder materials displaced from previous compartments before displacing mixed material and outwardly from the last compartment, the pumping is performed by at least one rigid element.

In addition, the fact that the compartments are on the same level.

And the fact that the compartments are located at different levels.

And also by the fact that the mixed materials are pumped into the first compartment in thin layers alternately.

In addition, and the fact that the mixed materials are pumped into the first compartment in thin layers together.

And also by the fact that the same rigid element is used for pumping into each compartment.

And the fact that at least two rigid elements are used for pumping into compartments.

Also, the fact that the rigid elements above each compartment swing (move) in a mutually consistent manner with the swing (movement) of the rigid elements above the other compartments.

In addition, the fact that the rigid elements move towards the open surfaces of the compartments in series from compartment to compartment.

And the fact that the rigid elements move to the open surfaces of the compartments alternately, first to the odd compartments, then to the even compartments.

And also the fact that each pumped layer of particles of the mixed material is compressed between the solid surface of the rigid element and the layer of particles, which eliminates the fragmentation of particles.

The problem is also solved by the fact that the compartments in the capacity of the mixer are placed in line with each other.

And also by the fact that the compartments in the mixer tank are arranged in a circle one after another.

In addition, and the fact that in the mixer tank, the compartments are separated from each other by walls.

Also, the fact that one of the wall surfaces is inclined.

And the fact that the capacity of the mixer is divided into at least three compartments.

The problem is also solved by the fact that the cascade inversion mixer for powdered material contains an open container, a drive, a rigid element for acting on the mixed material, a device for feeding mixed material into the container, while the container is divided into a number of consecutive, arranged in a circle one after another another of the compartments over which a rigid element is mounted, made with a conical working surface interacting with the material being mixed, while the rigid element is mounted above the tank w, with a circular rocking around the top of the cone and is connected with a drive, which provides the possibility of the rigid element circular rocking.

In addition, and the fact that the mixer is equipped with two rods, each of which is pivotally mounted at one end on a rigid element on opposite sides relative to the axis of circular swing, and the second end on a movable element of the device for feeding mixed materials into the container, which provides material to the first Compartment under the swinging hard element.

And also by the fact that in the mixer tank the compartments are separated from each other by walls.

And the fact that one of the wall surfaces is made inclined. In addition, the fact that the rigid element is made with openings. And also the fact that the number of openings corresponds to the number of compartments in the tank.

Also the fact that the last compartment is equipped with an exhaust device. The technical result of the claimed proposal is to increase the degree of homogeneity (ordering) of the structure of the mixed powder materials while reducing the energy intensity of the mixing process, as well as reducing the metal consumption of the mixing device (mixer).

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the process of the method with the location of the compartments of the mixer at the same level,

figure 2 shows a diagram of the process of the method with the location of the compartments of the mixer at different levels,

figure 3 shows a diagram of a mixer for implementing this method, side view,

figure 4 is the same, a section along aa.

The following notation is used in the description.

1 - capacity of the mixer,

2 - hard element

3 - the first compartment,

4 - second compartment

5 - wall separating the compartments,

6 - the inclined side of the wall separating the compartments,

7 - the third compartment,

8 - a device for feeding into the first compartment of the container of the mixed material under the swinging rigid element,

9 - casing

10 - bottom

11 - fifth compartment

12 - case,

13, 14, 17, 18 - bearings,

15 - shaft

16 - axis

19 - the working surface of the rigid element,

20 - drive

21 - hole in the casing for feeding the mixed materials into the first compartment,

22 - pusher

23 - shutter

24 - thrust

25 - outlet.

Arrow B - feeding the mixed materials into the first compartment,

Arrow G - the yield of the finished mixture,

Point D is the intersection point of the geometric axes of the shaft 15 and the axis 16.

The method is as follows.

Mixed materials (Fig. 1) from the environment are constantly poured into the mixer 1 tank between the rigid element 2 pumped in two directions and the open surface of the first compartment 3. After the volume of the first compartment 3 of the mixer tank 1 is preliminarily filled and the materials are exceeded to a level to which the rigid element 2 is lowered, the rigid element 2 is constantly pumping the mixed materials into the first compartment, in which at each stroke of the rigid element 2 to the open surface of the first compartment 3, into it nedryayutsya (whipped) portion of the mixed materials, new portions served mixed material from the ambient during each stroke of the rigid member 2 of the exposed surface of the first compartment 3 under it medium. Mixed materials may be fed into the first compartment, for example, alternately, either collectively or in another combination.

As a result of the continuous introduction of portions of the mixed materials by the rigid element 2 into the first compartment 3, a local fluid zone is formed in it. After the formation of the said zone with each new introduction of the next portion of the mixed materials from the first compartment 3 by the rigid element 2, a part of the previously mixed materials to be mixed into the second compartment 4 will be forced out through the wall separating the compartments 5. In this case, the mixed materials moving along the inclined side 6 of the separating compartments walls 5 are poured from it into the second compartment under the bi-directionally swiveled rigid element 2, forming the first cascade.

After filling the volume of the second compartment 4 and exceeding with the mixed materials the level to which the rigid element 2 drops, the pump is continuously pumped into the second compartment 4, at which, during each stroke of the rigid element 2, they are introduced into it (rubbed, pumped) into the open surface of the second compartment 4 portions of mixed materials, similarly to what happens in the first compartment 3, and with each stroke of the rigid element 2 from the open surface of the second compartment 4, new portions of mixed materials are fed under it, displaced and 3 of the first compartment.

As a result of the continuous introduction of portions of the mixed materials by the rigid element 2 into the second compartment 4, a local fluid zone is formed in it. After the formation of the said zone with each new introduction by the rigid element 2 of the next portion of the mixed materials from the second compartment 4, part of the previously mixed mix materials will be forced into the third compartment 7, moving through the wall separating the compartments 5 on its inclined side 6.

Similarly form the flow (movement) of the mixed materials in the third and subsequent compartments. In this case, the homogeneity (ordering) of the resulting structure after passing through each compartment increases. From the last compartment of the container of the mixer 1, the flow of the mixture that occurs in the last compartment is forced out, for example, in the receiving tank.

The number of compartments in the mixer tank is determined by the nature of the materials being mixed and the required degree of homogeneity of the resulting mixture.

Figure 2 presents a diagram of the implementation of the method in which the generated stream of mixed materials is poured into the next compartment, located below the previous one. In this case, cascades are formed due to the difference in the levels of the capacity compartments 1.

Continuous pumping (introduction) of the mixed materials into the compartments of the tank 1 is performed either by one rigid element 2, or at least two rigid elements are used for this purpose.

When implementing the method with one rigid element, it is moved to the open surfaces of the compartments sequentially: first to the first compartment, then to the second, then to the third and so on until the last compartment, and then again to the first, etc.

When implementing the method, the rigid elements, the number of which, for example, corresponds to the number of compartments in the tank, the rigid elements move to the open surfaces of the respective compartments or sequentially, first to the first compartment, then to the second, then to the third, etc. Or, for example, alternately, first simultaneously to the first and third compartments, then to the second and fourth, or otherwise, first simultaneously to all odd compartments, and then to all even ones, etc.

The cascade-inversion mixer for implementing the method (FIGS. 3 and 4) includes a container 1, a discharge mechanism mounted above it, a device 8 for supplying mixed material to the first compartment 3 of the container 1, a casing 9, the enclosing discharge mechanism and the container 1.

Capacity 1 is made in the form of a cylindrical bowl radially divided by walls 5 into several compartments, for example, five. One wall is made with vertical sides, and the remaining walls have one inclined side 6, the lower edge of which is in contact with the bottom 10 of the bowl. In this case, the wall with vertical lateral sides divides the first 3 and fifth 11 compartments. The inclination of the sides of the dividing walls is directed equally in a circle.

The delivery mechanism includes a shaft 15 mounted in the housing 12 on bearings 13 and 14, an axis 16 mounted on the shaft 15, on which a rigid element 2 is mounted by means of bearings 17 and 18. The rigid element 2 is made with a conical working surface 19 interacting with the material being mixed . The working surface 19 can be made in the form of a continuous straight circular cone or cone with openings, and the number of openings corresponds to the number of compartments in the tank 1.

The axis 16 is mounted on the shaft 15 so that its geometric axis intersects with the geometric axis of rotation of the shaft. This interposition of the axis 16 and the shaft 15 makes it possible to swing around the point D of the rigid element 2 during rotation of the shaft 15. In this particular case, the top of the cone of the working surface 19 of the rigid element 2 can be at the intersection of the geometric axis 16 and the shaft. A swing drive of a rigid element 20 is connected to the discharge mechanism and is connected to the shaft 15, for example, by means of a key connection, or in another known manner.

A device 8 for feeding the mixed material into the first compartment 3 of the tank 1 is mounted on the casing 9 in front of an opening 21 made in the casing 9 for feeding the mixed compartment into the first compartment 3 under the working surface 19 of the rigid element 2. The device 8 is made, for example, in the form of a hopper, above the bottom of which a pusher 22 is mounted with a shutter 23. The pusher 22 has the ability to swing relative to the outlet (lower) hole of the hopper. The swing of the pusher 22 can be provided from an individual drive, or from a swing drive of the rigid element 2. In the latter case, this is done, for example, by two rods 24 of the same length, one ends of which are pivotally connected to the pusher 22, the second ends are pivotally connected to the rigid element 2. Moreover, the rods 24 are fixed on the rigid element 2 from opposite sides relative to the axis of circular swing of the rigid element 2 so that they are parallel to each other when the plunger 22 is in extreme positions. Such fixing rods 24 in addition to ensuring the swing of the pusher 22 prevents the rotation of the rigid element 2 together with the shaft 15 during rotation of the shaft 15, without interfering with the circular swing of the rigid element 2. In this case, the rigid element is located so that the openings are mainly located on the inclined sides 6 of the dividing walls 5 .

In the fifth compartment for the exit of the mixture flow, an outlet 25 is made.

The mixer operates as follows.

The rocking drive of the rigid element 2 is turned on, which drives the shaft 15. The shaft 15 rotates and rotates the rigid element 2, the working surface 19 of which rises and falls above the compartments of the tank. In this case, the generatrix of the cone is run on the open surface of the tank 1.

After the drive is turned on, mixed materials are fed into the hopper of the device 8. Through the lower hole of the hopper with the shutter 23 open, the mixed materials enter the bottom of the hopper in front of the pusher 22, which pushes the mixed materials through the hole 21 into the first compartment 3 of the mixer tank 1 between the swinging working surface 19 of the rigid element 2 and the open surface of compartment 3.

As a result of the supply of 22 portions of mixed materials by the pusher and their continuous introduction by the rigid element 2 into the first compartment 3, a local fluid zone is formed in it. After the formation of the said zone with each new introduction of the next portion of the mixed materials from the first compartment 3 by the rigid element 2, a part of the previously mixed materials into the second compartment 4 will be forced out through the wall 5 separating the compartments. Thus, the flow of mixed materials arising in the first compartment 3 is poured in the second compartment 4 under the rocking element 2 rigid above it.

Similarly, the flow occurring in the second compartment 4 is poured into the third compartment 7 under the hard element 2 pumped over it, and the flow occurring in the third compartment 7 is poured into the fourth compartment under the hard element 2 pumped above it, and the flow occurring in the fourth compartment is poured into the fifth compartment 11 is also under the hard element 2 being pumped over it, from the last compartment the flow of mixed materials (finished mixture) is forced out through the outlet 25.

The mixing process in the mixer is continuous.

Claims (23)

1. The cascade-inverse method of mixing powder materials, which consists in the fact that the powder materials are transferred in the mixer sequentially from one compartment of the mixer tank to another, from another to the next, and the movement of material in the first compartment is formed by constant pumping of the mixed powder materials coming from external environment, and in subsequent compartments, the movement of material is formed by constant pumping of mixed powder materials displaced from previous compartments until the mixed material is displaced ial from the last compartment outward, and pumping is carried out by means of at least one rigid element. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the compartments are located on the same level. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the compartments are located at different levels. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixed materials into the first compartment are pumped in thin layers alternately. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixed materials in the first compartment are pumped into thin layers together. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the same rigid element is used for pumping into each compartment. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two rigid elements are used for pumping into the compartments. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the rigid elements above each compartment swing in concert with the swing of the rigid elements over the other compartments. 9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the rigid elements move towards the open surfaces of the compartments sequentially from compartment to compartment. 10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the rigid elements move alternately to the open surfaces of the compartments, first to the odd compartments, then to the even compartments. 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that each pumped layer of particles of the mixed material is compressed between the solid surface of the rigid element and the layer of particles. 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the compartments in the capacity of the mixer are placed in line with each other. 13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the compartments in the capacity of the mixer are arranged in a circle one after another. 14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the capacity of the mixer, the compartments are separated by walls. 15. The method according to 14, characterized in that one of the surface of the wall is inclined. 16. The method according to 14, characterized in that the capacity of the mixer is divided into at least three compartments. 17. A cascade-inversion mixer for powder material containing an open container, a drive, a rigid element for acting on the mixed material, a device for feeding mixed material into the container, characterized in that the container is divided into a number of consecutive compartments arranged in a circle, over which there is a rigid element interacting with the material being mixed, the working surface of which is conical, while the rigid element is mounted circularly over the container th swing around the top of this cone, and is connected to the drive, which provides the rigid element with the ability to make a circular swing. 18. The mixer according to claim 17, characterized in that it is provided with two rods, each of which is pivotally mounted at one end on a rigid element on opposite sides relative to the axis of circular swing, and the second end on a movable element of the device for feeding mixed materials into the container, which provides supply of material to the first compartment under the rockable rigid element. 19. The mixer according to claim 17, characterized in that in the mixer tank the compartments are separated by walls. 20. The mixer according to claim 19, characterized in that one of the wall surfaces is made inclined. 21. The mixer according to claim 17, characterized in that the rigid element is made with openings. 22. The mixer according to item 21, wherein the number of openings corresponds to the number of compartments in the tank. 23. The mixer according to any one of paragraphs.17-22, characterized in that the last compartment is equipped with an exhaust device.

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