RU2393566C1 - Multipolar magnetic system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: multipolar magnetic system in the form of annular cylinder includes pole and tangentially magnetised interpolar permanent magnets interconnected to form checkered structure with dissimilar magnetic poles adjacent. Each interpolar permanent magnet is made in the form of figure formed by end cylinder surface of annular sector shape, with angle selected by α=360°/2P ratio where P is the number of pole pairs, and two surfaces passing through radiuses delimiting annular sector and projection of crossing point of α angle bisector and external arc of the same angle on end surface on the annular cylinder. Polar permanent magnets are axially magnetised and form annular cylinder when added to interpolar magnets.

EFFECT: increased work flow inductance with minimum dimensions, maximum work flow inductance within specified dimensions.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and relates to the design features of permanent magnet systems.

Known "Complex magnet and magnetic system" (USA No. 4544904, H01F 7/02, publ. 10/01/1985) used in the rotors of synchronous motors. The magnetic system consists of complex permanent magnets in the form of sector magnets and parallelepiped magnets located on both sides of the sector magnet with the same magnetic poles. Permanent magnets form an explicit magnetic pole of the rotor, the magnetic flux of which is directed along the axis of rotation of the rotor. On the external (non-working) side of the magnetic poles of the rotor, the flow is closed through a magnetic core of soft magnetic material. A disadvantage of the known device is that part of the flux of permanent magnets is scattered on the surface of the magnetic circuit, thereby reducing the magnitude of the working flux. In addition, the addition of additional parallelepiped-shaped magnets to sector magnets increases the scattering of the magnetic flux in the additional air gaps that appear, which also reduces the working flux and, therefore, the induction in the working gap.

Closest to the claimed magnetic system is the "Multipolar Rotor of an Electric Machine with Permanent Magnets" (USSR No. 1731012 A1, H02K 21/14, publ. 04/15/1994), consisting of n poles and n interpolar elements of permanent magnets connected to each other in mosaic structure (closed figure) with adjacent opposite magnetic poles. Pole magnets are in the shape of sectors in cross section, and interpolar magnets are in the form of isosceles trapeziums. In the indicated "Multipolar rotor ...", selected as a prototype, not only the direction of magnetic flux changes, but also the induction of the working flux due to an increase in the active length of the magnets in the direction of their magnetization due to the interpole elements of tangentially magnetized permanent magnets. However, the presented rotor design does not allow without loss of the working stream to carry out its orientation in the end (axial) direction, as well as to increase the active length of the interpolar magnets without reducing the arc length of the pole magnets.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to create a magnetic system with a work flow in the axial direction, having the maximum possible specific characteristics.

The technical result achieved by using the present invention consists in increasing the value of the induction of the working stream with the minimum dimensions of the magnetic system (or obtaining, given the dimensions of the magnetic system, the maximum value of the induction of the working stream).

This is achieved by the fact that in a multipolar magnetic system containing pole and magnetized tangentially interpolar permanent magnets interconnected in a mosaic structure with adjacent opposite magnetic poles, it is new that the magnetic system is made in the form of an annular cylinder, each interpolar permanent magnet is made in in the form of a figure bounded by a part of one of the end surfaces of the cylinder in the form of an annular sector, the angle of which is selected from the relation α = 360 ° / 2P, where P is the number of pole pairs, and two surfaces extending through the restrictive annular sector radii and the projection of the intersection of the bisector of the angle α and the outer arc of said sector to the opposite end surface of the annular cylinder and the pole permanent magnets magnetized axially and are designed such that complementary Interphase magnets to the annular cylinder.

In the inventive device, the pole magnets are magnetized in the axial direction, and the pole poles are tangentially magnetized. These magnets form a mosaic structure in the form of an annular cylinder. In this case, the active length in the direction of magnetization of the interpolar magnets has the maximum possible size while maintaining the dimensions of the pole magnets (for example, for a magnetic system with two pairs of poles, the length of the interpolar magnet is determined by the angle α = 360 ° / (2 · 2) = 90 °). The active length of the pole magnets, oriented in the axial direction of magnetization, is equal to the height of the ring. Thus, pole and interpolar permanent magnets with the maximum possible active length “organize” the passage of the working stream in the direction of their magnetization with the maximum possible magnetizing force and minimal scattering (due to the absence of passive elements - magnetic circuits), which results in the maximum possible induction in the working gap.

Figure 1 presents the appearance of the claimed design of the magnetic system with two pairs of poles.

Figure 2 presents a top view of a magnetic system with two pairs of poles. The arrows indicate the directions of magnetization of the interpolar magnets 2.

Figure 3 presents a side view of a magnetic system with two pairs of poles. The arrows indicate the directions of magnetization of permanent magnets.

Figure 4 shows a diagram of the construction of an interpole magnet.

Figure 5 shows the appearance of the interpolar magnet.

Figure 6 shows the magnetic system of the induction damper, side view.

Figure 7 shows a scan of the outer surface of the magnetic system used in the induction damper.

Figure 1 shows a magnetic system that contains four pole 1 and four interpolar 2 permanent magnets. The pole magnets 1 are magnetized in the axial direction (figure 3), and the interpolar magnets are tangential (figure 2, 3). These magnets are connected in a mosaic structure in the form of an annular cylinder (Fig. 1) with an adjacent opposite magnetic poles.

To explain the implementation of the interpole magnet, a diagram of its construction is shown (Fig. 4). As an example, the construction of an interpolar magnet in the form of a figure bounded by an annular sector with an angle α = 360 ° / 2P (for two pairs of poles P = 2, α = 90 °) and surfaces in the form of planes passing through the radii R and R 'of the indicated the annular sector and the projection of the point A of the intersection of the bisector OA of the angle α and the outer arc of the annular sector on the opposite end surface of the annular cylinder (point A '). The plane cut off from the annular sector of the volume of the annular cylinder, forming an interpole magnet (figure 5).

Pole magnets 1 (Fig. 1) complement the interpolar magnets 2 to an annular cylinder, forming a mosaic structure. That is, the pole magnets 1 (Fig. 1) are an addition to the ring cylinder of the figure, consisting of the corresponding number of poles of the interpolar magnets 2, arranged so that their surface parallel to the direction of magnetization forms the end surface of the ring cylinder (Fig. 2). In this case, the annular cylinder will have a height equal to the height of the pole magnet in the direction of its magnetization (segment AA ', Fig. 4). Pole and interpolar magnets are assembled into a mosaic annular cylinder with an adjacent opposite magnetic poles.

The shape of the surface bounding the pole and interpolar magnets is determined by the technological capabilities of manufacturing permanent magnets and common sense. As an example, we can give screw surfaces also passing through the radii R and R '(Fig. 4) of the annular sector and the projection of the point A of the intersection of the bisector OA of the angle α and the outer arc of the annular sector on the opposite end surface of the annular cylinder (point A').

The operation of the inventive magnetic system is shown by the example of its use in a disk-type induction damper, where an electrically conductive rotor 3 is placed with the possibility of rotation in the working gap of the magnetic system (Fig. 6), consisting of two identical mosaic ring cylinders, in which when crossing the induction power lines (Fig. 7) eddy currents are induced, the magnetic field of which, interacting with the magnetic field of the magnets, creates a braking torque. Magnets 1 and 2 with the maximum possible active length “organize” the passage of the working stream in the direction of their magnetization with the maximum possible magnetizing force and minimal scattering, while creating the maximum possible induction in the working gap, where rotor 3 is located and creating the maximum braking moment located at depending on the square of the magnitude of the induction.

To verify the effectiveness of the proposed solution, a magnetic system was made consisting of two mosaic annular cylinders (Fig.6), and the induction in the working gap was measured. The measurement results showed that the value of magnetic induction in the working gap increased three times in comparison with similar dimensions induction dampers, while the braking torque increased nine times.

Claims (1)

A multipolar magnetic system containing pole and magnetized tangentially interpolar permanent magnets interconnected in a mosaic structure with adjacent opposite magnetic poles, characterized in that the magnetic system is made in the form of an annular cylinder, each interpolar permanent magnet is made in the form of a figure, limited to part of one of end surfaces of the cylinder in the form of an annular sector, the angle of which is selected from the relation α = 360 / 2P, where P is the number of pairs of poles, and two surfaces passing and in a limiting annular projection and radii sector point of intersection of the bisector of the angle α and the outer arc of said sector to the opposite end surface of the annular cylinder and the pole permanent magnets magnetized axially and are designed such that complementary Interphase magnets to the annular cylinder.

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