RU2393398C1 - Plant for thermal drying of loose disperse material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: drying drum of the plant consists of a set of plates with edges bent in the direction of material movement and inserts arranged between plates, which are installed on one and the same axis; plates are made in the form of spiral of opposite coiling so that there formed are alternating opposite directed rising and descending channels for heat treatment and transportation of loose material, and each plate in the zone of the joint of adjacent directions of the movement is equipped with shaped process opening for providing the possibility of loose material passage and change of movement direction; at that, internal and external generatrixes of the process opening are made in circumferential direction.

EFFECT: enlarging manufacturing capabilities, improving operating reliability and service life of the plant owing to eliminating burn-outs of its components, increasing efficiency and use properties.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a technique for drying and calcining bulk materials used in various industries, for example, fused welding or ceramic fluxes, as well as in the manufacture of granular products for general purposes, for example granular feed, granular pharmaceutical products, granular fertilizers, granular ceramic flux, and also can be used as equipment intended for the preparation and production of welding in various industries - in petrochemical engineering, power engineering, transport engineering, etc.

A direct-flow drying drum for bulk materials is known, comprising a cylindrical body rotating on support rollers with a receiving funnel and screw and radial blade systems, a fuel mixing chamber in communication with a burner, and pipe fittings for supplying fuel and air (see, for example, the description of the invention to USSR copyright certificate No. 1746170, class F26B 11/04, publ. 1992).

However, such a device does not provide the correct adjustment of the shape and location of the flame of the burner during the combustion of various types of fuel, resulting in low efficiency and effectiveness of the entire device as a whole.

The closest known from the technical nature and the achieved result is the selected as a prototype installation for thermal drying of dispersed bulk material containing a drying drum for calcining and transporting bulk material mounted on the drive supports obliquely in the direction of movement of the material with the possibility of alternating reverse rotation in both directions made with the formation of the circulation channel of the coolant from the heating zone to the calcination zone, means for loading and unloading bulk its material, heating element and heat-venting equipment (see, for example, the description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2234649, class F26B 11/04, publ. 08.20.2004).

The disadvantages of the installation include possible overheating of the boundary layers of bulk material, which inevitably leads to excessive consumption of fuel and burnout of the high-temperature zone of the dryer, as well as limited technological capabilities that exclude the possibility of calcining fine granular bulk material.

The essence of the claimed invention is expressed in the aggregate of essential features sufficient to achieve the technical result provided by the invention, which is expressed in the expansion of technological capabilities by providing the possibility of thermal drying and calcination of ceramic flux of small, medium and large fractions, as well as in improving operational reliability and increasing the term service.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the installation for thermal drying of dispersed bulk material containing a drying drum for calcining and transporting bulk material, mounted on the drive supports obliquely in the direction of movement of the material with the possibility of alternating reverse rotation in both directions, made with the formation of a Central channel of circulation coolant from the heating zone to the calcination zone, means for loading and unloading bulk material, heating element and fan heater The equipment, the drying drum consists of a set of disks with bent edges in the direction of movement of the material and spacers placed between the disks, which are mounted on the same axis, the disks are made in the form of an unlike spiral winding with the formation of alternating opposing upward and downward channels for calcining and transporting bulk material and each disk in the joint zone of adjacent directions of movement is made with a curly technological window to enable the passage of bulk ma terial and changes in the direction of movement, while the inner and outer generators of the technological window are made around the circumference.

Comparison of the claimed technical solution with the prototype made it possible to establish compliance with its criterion of "novelty", since it is not known from the prior art. The proposed device is industrially applicable existing technical means and meets the criterion of "inventive step", because it does not explicitly follow from the prior art, while the latter has not revealed any transformations characterized by significant features distinctive from the prototype, to achieve the specified technical result.

Thus, the proposed technical solution meets the established conditions of patentability of the invention.

Figure 1 presents the proposed installation, General view, figure 2 is the same side view, figure 3 - disks of a drying drum with unlike spiral winding, figure 4 - disk drying drum with a trajectory of a unit mass of granular granular granular 5, the same side view.

The continuous installation for thermal drying and calcining of dispersed bulk material, mainly granular ceramic flux, contains a cylindrical drying drum 1 for calcining and transporting bulk material mounted on the drive supports 2 obliquely in the direction of movement of the material during drying with the possibility of alternating reverse rotation of the drum in both hand, made with the formation of the Central channel 3 of the circulation of the coolant from the heating zone to the calcination zone, means cargo, made in the form of a loading hopper 4 and a load-carrying conveyor (not shown), or an external disk of a similar design with internal disks, supplying bulk material from an external hopper to the inside of the housing, equipped with a mechanism for regulating the flow of raw material into the dryer drum and, accordingly, means for unloading the calcined bulk material, a heating element made in the form of a gas burner or an electric heater or other coolant, and a fan heater equipment (not shown), including control equipment with an automation system, a fuel-air mixing chamber in communication with a gas burner or electric heater installed in the furnace, pipe fittings for supplying gas and air from appropriate containers, shut-off valves and check valves, respectively, of fuel and air installed in the respective fuel and air supply lines (not shown).

The cylindrical drying drum 1 is provided with a rim located in the middle part for interaction with the drive supports 2 and a gear wheel interacting with the gear of the electric drive mechanism (not shown). The drum 1 also has restrictive rollers (not shown) to eliminate axial displacement. An air exhaust manifold 5 as well as a container 6 for collecting the finished product are also installed in the drum body. The installation also contains a filter for cleaning exhaust gases and a cyclone to retain mechanical impurities (not shown).

The dryer drum consists of a set of disks 7 with bent edges in the direction of movement of the material and spacers 8 placed between the disks, which serve as ribs that are mounted on the same axis, the disks are made in the form of a spiral of opposite winding with the formation of alternating counter-directed ascending and descending channels 9 for calcination and transportation of bulk material, and spirals can be located both on one side of the disks and on both sides, which ensures a longer stay drying filled (calcined) material in the dryer drum of the installation, and each disk in the junction zone of adjacent directions of movement is made with a curly technological window 10 to enable the passage of bulk material and change the direction of movement, while the internal and external components of the technological window 10 (shaded) are made according to inner and outer circles.

The installation is as follows.

Bulk material, such as granular ceramic flux, is continuously fed by a load-carrying conveyor (not shown) through a loading hopper 4 into a cylindrical drum 1, heated to a temperature of from 100 to 250 ° C. At the same time, incandescent products of fuel combustion from a gas burner enter the input part of the housing, while the restrictive rollers exclude axial displacement of the drum. Then the ceramic flux enters the main part of the drum and, due to the rotational movement and its longitudinal inclination, moving along the drum body, is dried and enters the discharge point. Ceramic flux through the calcination and transportation channels 9 formed in the drying drum by multidirectional spiral disks 7 and spacers 8 is supplied for drying and calcination, where it is intensively mixed and poured with removal of excess moisture up to 0.05% at a working temperature in the range of 100 -1100 ° C. Ready calcined flux from the tank 6 goes further into the discharge zone for cooling and packaging.

The hot coolant flow from a gas burner or an electric heater or other coolant is fed into the coolant circulation channel (countercurrent heating circuit), and the bulk material passes inside the drum in the direction indicated by the arrows, increasing the contact surface of the heat transfer of the dryer drum, the time spent in the dryer drum and the length ways of moving bulk material, while the coolant and the formed moisture vapor through the exhaust system are removed.

The exhaust gases through the air exhaust manifold, filter and cyclone are removed into the atmosphere, and mechanical impurities having a density and specific gravity greater than the coolant are deposited in the cyclone, from where they are removed as they are filled.

Due to the presence of a protective zone of bulk material, which is constantly updated when it flows, and the presence of an active drying drum alternately rotating on both sides with multidirectional channels to move the ceramic flux, the technological possibilities of thermal drying are expanded, the operational reliability and service life of the installation are increased by eliminating burnouts of its elements , and also increases the efficiency of the installation and consumer properties.

Claims (1)

Installation for thermal drying of dispersed bulk material, mainly granular ceramic flux, containing a drying drum for calcining and transporting bulk material, mounted on drive supports obliquely in the direction of movement of the material with the possibility of alternating reverse rotation in both directions, made with the formation of a Central channel of circulation of the coolant from the zone heating to the calcination zone, means for loading and unloading bulk material, heating element and fan heater equipment, characterized in that the drying drum consists of a set of disks with bent edges in the direction of movement of the material and spacers placed between the disks, which are mounted on the same axis, the disks are made in the form of an unlike spiral winding with the formation of alternating counter-directed ascending and descending channels for calcination and transportation of bulk material, and each disk in the joint zone of adjacent directions of movement is made with a curly technological window to provide opportunities and skipping bulk material and changing the direction of movement, while the inner and outer generators of the technological window are made around the circumference.

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