RU2393297C1 - Foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: foundation comprises artificial bed with curvilinear surface, bearing elements and shell arranged on bed. Bearing elements are arranged in the form of radial and circular tapes for shells with positive Gauss curvature or transverse and longitudinal tapes for shells with zero Gauss curvature, forming meshy shell and laid through gaskets made of two layers of material, which slide relative to each other, onto concrete surface formed on curvilinear surface of artificial bed arranged in pit and inverted upwards with its convexity. Radial or transverse tapes are fixed by their edges to support contour in the form of support ring or a system of cross beams, which is deepened into natural bed, and gasket of elastic material is located between concrete of shell and support contour.

EFFECT: reduced settling of foundation, lower material intensity, provision of efficient and reliable protection of above-foundation structure.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction, for the construction of foundations-shells for buildings and structures.

The foundation contains an artificial base with a curved surface, convex upward, a system of supporting tapes of mesh shells laid on a concrete surface formed on a curved surface of an artificial base, a support contour in the form of a system of cross beams or a support ring.

What is new is that the interface unit of the concrete of the shell and the support contour is hinged, the distribution of concrete of the shell on the curved surface of the artificial base is proposed in the form of a sickle. The carrier tapes of the casing are laid on a concrete surface through a gasket consisting of two layers of material sliding relative to each other, thereby reducing friction between the carrier tapes and the concrete surface. Therefore, all the tapes in the foundation are working. Moreover, the tape system does not have bending stiffness.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce bending moments in the support zone, which allows to reduce concrete consumption, more involvement in the work of the soil under the shell due to the sickle-shaped outline of the concrete surface section, as well as the uniform distribution of tensile forces in the bearing tapes of the shell, which allows full use bearing tapes.

A well-known foundation in the form of a shell of finite stiffness, convex up (RU 2223367 C2, MKI E02D 27/01, publ. 02.10.04.). For a given design scheme, the shell works primarily in tension.

The disadvantage of this design is the presence of reinforcement in the center of the cross-section of the shell and the appearance of cracks that can form under the action of tension and bending and lead to corrosion of steel reinforcement.

Closest to the present invention are foundations in the form of mesh shells (RU 2334054 C1, MKI E02D 27/01, publ. 09/20/08., RU 2334051 C1, MKI E02D 27/01, publ. 20.09.08.) Containing artificial base with a curved surface, convex up, a system of load-bearing tapes of mesh shells laid and glued to a concrete surface formed on a curved surface of an artificial base, a support contour in the form of a system of cross beams (RU 2334054 C1, MKI E02D 27/01, published on September 20, 2009. 08.) or support ring (RU 2334051 C1, MKI E02D 27/01, publ. 20. 08/09.).

The disadvantage of this design is the constant thickness of the concrete section of the shell on the curved surface of the artificial base, which is not efficient enough due to the peculiarities of the distribution of reactive pressures under the shell and, accordingly, reduces the degree of involvement of the artificial base in the soil. The junction of the concrete surface and the support contour is made rigid, which leads to the appearance of large bending moments in the support zone. Due to friction between the bearing tapes and the concrete surface, an uneven distribution of tensile forces occurs in the bearing tapes.

The purpose of the invention is the creation of an effective foundation-shell in compliance with a given reliability supra-foundation design.

A foundation is proposed comprising an artificial base with a curved surface, supporting elements and a shell located on the base, according to the invention, the supporting elements are made in the form of radial and annular ribbons for shells with positive Gaussian curvature or transverse and longitudinal ribbons for shells with zero Gaussian curvature forming a mesh a shell laid through gaskets consisting of two layers of material sliding relative to each other on a concrete surface formed on a curved surface the surface of the artificial base, located in the pit and convex upward, with radial or transverse ribbons attached edges to the support contour in the form of a support ring or a system of cross beams, which is buried in a natural base, and between the concrete of the shell and the support contour there is a gasket made of elastic material.

и соотношением высоты сечения бетонной поверхности к пролету от

в приопорной зоне до

в середине оболочки.As foundations, tapes are used that form a convex upward shallow mesh shell of zero or positive Gaussian curvature with the ratio of the lifting arrow to the span

and the ratio of the height of the concrete surface to the span from

in the support area to

in the middle of the shell.

Figure 1 shows the foundation shell of zero Gaussian curvature with a support contour in the form of a system of cross beams. Figure 2 shows the foundation-shell of positive Gaussian curvature with a support contour in the form of a system of cross beams. Figure 3 presents the foundation shell of positive Gaussian curvature with a support contour in the form of a support ring.

The foundation is presented in the form of bearing radial 1 and annular 2 ribbons for shells with positive Gaussian curvature or transverse 1 and longitudinal 2 ribbons for shells with zero Gaussian curvature. Radial or transverse tapes 1 are limited by a support contour 3, which is a system of cross beams or a support ring, and between the concrete surface 4 and the support contour 3 there is a gasket of elastic material 7, which provides articulation between the concrete surface 4 and the support contour 3. Bearing tapes 1 , 2 are laid on the concrete surface 4 through gaskets 8, consisting of two layers of material sliding relative to each other. With this structural form, the carrier tapes 1, 2 on the concrete surface 4 of the artificial base 5 work in tension without friction on the contact: the concrete surface 4 - the carrier tapes 1, 2. Concrete surface 4 is made without reinforcement. As the carrier tapes 1, 2 can be used glass, aramid, carbon and other fibers of high strength and with a high modulus of elasticity. The supporting contours 3 are recessed into the natural base. The perception of thrust in the foundations-shells of zero Gaussian curvature is due to the bending stiffness of the support contour 3 and lateral resistance of the soil along the support contour 3; the perception of thrust in the foundations-shells of positive Gaussian curvature is carried out due to the compression of the support contour 3. The attachment of radial or transverse load-bearing tapes 1 is carried out in the concrete body of the support contours 3.

The method of construction of the foundation-shell is as follows.

A pit is being developed up to planning point 6. An artificial curvilinear base 5 of mineral materials is planned. The formwork is exposed, and the reinforcing cages are installed in the supporting contours 3. On an artificial curved base 5 at the junction of the concrete surface 4 and the supporting contours 3, a gasket of elastic material 7 is laid close to the formwork of the support contour 3, and the thickness of the gasket of elastic material 7 is equal to the thickness of the concrete surface 4 in the support zone. The surface of the artificial curvilinear base 5 is concreted. Bearing radial 1 and annular 2 or transverse 1 and longitudinal 2 tapes are laid on concrete surface 4 through gaskets 8, consisting of two layers of material sliding relative to each other. The radial or transverse tapes 1 are attached in the frame of the support contours 3. Concreting of the support contours 3 is performed.

In the process of precipitation of the supporting contours of the foundation 3, the artificial curved base 5, the concrete surface 4 and the bearing tapes 1, 2 are involved in the transfer of most of the external load to the artificial curved base 5 under the foundation. This significantly increases the resistance of the soil in the most loaded area - under the support loop 3. In this case, the resistance of the artificial curved base 5 also increases due to its compression in the horizontal direction by the supporting contours 3. The reactive pressures of the artificial curved base 5 are transmitted to the concrete surface 4 and distributed to load-bearing tapes 1, 2. Spacer forces appearing in radial or transverse load-bearing tapes 1 when the foundation is upset, transfer the transverse load to the support contours 3 circle th or rectangular in terms of the foundation.

Claims (1)

A foundation containing an artificial base with a curved surface, supporting elements and a shell located on the base, characterized in that the supporting elements are made in the form of radial and annular ribbons for shells with positive Gaussian curvature or transverse and longitudinal ribbons for shells with zero Gaussian curvature, forming mesh sheath laid through gaskets consisting of two layers of material sliding relative to each other on a concrete surface formed on a curved surface an artificial base located in the pit and convex upward, with radial or transverse tapes attached edges to the support contour in the form of a support ring or a system of cross beams, which is buried in a natural base, and between the concrete of the shell and the support contour there is a gasket made of elastic material.

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