RU2393021C9 - Electric air cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Abstract:

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to air cleaning systems, namely to electric cleaners and can be used at industrial enterprises, in medicine, kindergartens, educational entities, as well as at home for cleaning air of dust and other impurities. Proposed device comprises power supply, coronaforming electrode, precipitation electrode, and repellant electrodes. Corona-forming electrode represents a rod or wire, precipitation electrode comprises bulge on front edge and band arranged behind said bulge. Precipitation electrodes are arranged in casing to make airflow channels that accommodate aforesaid repellant electrode. Said power supply serves to generate difference of potentials between corona-forming and precipitation electrodes varying from 10 kV to 100 kV and that between repellant and precipitation electrodes determined from ratio below: P=pH, where P is difference of potentials between repellant electrode and precipitation electrode, kV; p is the measure varying from 1 kV/cm to 20 kV/cm; H is minimum distance between repellant and precipitation electrodes, cm. In lengthwise cross section of proposed cleaner, distances from precipitation electrodes to corona-forming electrodes either are equal or vary. Note here that minimum-to-maximum distances ratio us defined from the following relation: Lmin/Lmax=k, where k is the measure varying from 0.5 to 0.9999; Lmin is the minimum distance from precipitation electrodes to coronaforming electrode; Lmax is the maximum distance from precipitation electrodes to corona-forming electrode. Note also that, in lengthwise cross section of electric cleaner, larger surfaces of the precipitation electrode band has crosswise grooves or alternating ledges and recesses, and, in crosswise cross section of electric cleaner, larger surfaces of the precipitation electrode band has crosswise grooves or alternating ledges and recesses.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and quality of air cleaning without excess ozone content in cleaned air.

5 cl, 20 dwg

Description

The invention relates to systems for cleaning air and gases, namely, electric cleaners, and can be used at enterprises of the metallurgical, chemical, oil refining industries, cement plants and other industries, including for cleaning industrial emissions into the atmosphere, in medicine, kindergartens, nurseries, educational institutions, as well as in everyday life to clean the air (or other non-explosive gases) from dust particles, aerosol, smoke, odor, steam, bacteria, mold, mites and viruses.

State of the art

The authors have many years of experience in designing, testing and mass production of electric air cleaners (electric filters) of various designs. Below is a critique of analogues based on the results of experimental studies conducted by the authors.

Known electrostatic precipitators published in sources: W02008/057262, with a publication date of 05/15/2008, US2007/027077 with a publication date of 10/25/2007, US2007/0046219 with a publication date of 03/01/2007, MX PAO 1006037 with a publication date of 04/11/2008, US2008/ 0200289 with a publication date of 09/15/2005, US7381381 with a publication date of 06/03/2008, US 6664741 with a publication date of 12/16/2003, US 4812711 with a publication date of 03/14/1989, US 6893618 with a publication date of 05/17/2005 68.62 2007.

The main disadvantage of these electrostatic precipitators is the low speed of the air flow and the high concentration of ozone in the air that has passed through the purifier.

So, in US patent 7381381 the following data are given: the air flow rate is about 1 m/s, the ozone concentration is 80-4000 mg/m ³ . Note that the maximum allowable concentration (MPC) of ozone in the air is 30 µg/m ³ . The decrease in electrical voltage (hereinafter referred to as voltage) on the corona electrode, of course, reduces the ozone output, but is accompanied by an even more significant decrease in the air flow rate. By changing the conditions and parameters of the discharge, one can try to optimize the parameters of such devices. In particular, the transition from point-type corona electrodes (needles) to one-dimensional (wire) electrodes made it possible to reduce the ozone yield and, to a certain extent, reduce the severity of the problem. A decrease in the ozone yield due to a decrease in the diameter of the corona wire is accompanied by a decrease in its resource and leads to technological difficulties.

Progress in reducing the ozone output is achieved by using specially shaped high voltage pulses, as, for example, is implemented in US Pat. An increase in the gap between the corona and collecting (non-corona) electrodes with a simultaneous increase in high-voltage voltage acceptable from the point of view of breakdown (more precisely, with the same degree of homogeneity of the glow and the type of corona discharge) makes it possible to reduce the ozone concentration at the output of the device, but at the same time the air flow rate drops significantly.

In the device US 4812711 with publication date 03/14/1989, with a discharge gap of 85 mm in a device with the original configuration of the electrode system, the air flow rate is only 0.5 m/s. A certain increase in flow rate (several tens of percent) can be obtained in multi-cascade designs when air passes successively through two (or more) similar blocks, as implemented, for example, in US patent 6893618 with a publication date of 05/17/2005 and US patent 7262564 with date of publication 28.08.2007.

An analogue of the invention is a two-zone electrostatic precipitator (RF patent 2144433 with a publication date of 20.01.2000). The electrostatic precipitator contains an electric power supply device (hereinafter referred to as the power supply device), one corona electrode, collecting electrodes. The corona electrode is made in the form of a wire, each collecting electrode is made in the form of a strip, the collecting electrodes are arranged to form channels for air movement, and a repulsive electrode is located in each channel for air movement between the collecting electrodes. The electrostatic precipitator is placed in the air flow.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the inability to independently create an air flow through the electrostatic precipitator. The forced airflow rate is low, and the ozone concentration in the air that has passed through the purifier is high.

Also an analogue of the invention is an electrostatic precipitator (USSR author's certificate 611644 with a publication date of 23.05.1978). The electrostatic precipitator contains a power supply device, corona electrodes, collecting electrodes. Each collecting electrode is made in the form of a wave-like strip, with the possibility of rotation to change the angle of interaction of the strip surface with the moving air. Collecting electrodes are arranged to form channels for air movement. The electrostatic precipitator is placed in the air flow.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the inability to independently create an air flow through the electrostatic precipitator. Forced air flow rates are low, and the ozone concentration in the air that has passed through the purifier is high.

Another analogue of the invention is a multi-section electrostatic precipitator (RF patent 2198735 with a publication date of 20.02.2003). The electrostatic precipitator contains a power supply device, corona electrodes, collecting electrodes. Each corona electrode is made in the form of a wire, each collecting electrode is made in the form of a strip, the collecting electrodes are arranged to form channels for air movement, and a repulsive electrode is located in each channel for air movement between the collecting electrodes. The electrostatic precipitator is placed in the air flow.

In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the distances from the collecting electrodes to the corona electrode are the same.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the inability to independently create an air flow through the electrostatic precipitator. The 1st stage of the purifier by the generated ion flow prevents the movement of air through the purifier. The forced airflow rate is low, and the ozone concentration in the air that has passed through the purifier is high.

The prototype of the invention is an electric air purifier (application US2008/0030920 with a publication date of 02/07/2008), containing a housing with holes for the passage of air, a power supply, corona electrode, collecting electrodes, repulsive electrodes; the corona electrode is made in the form of a wire, the collecting electrode contains a bulge on the leading edge of the electrode and a strip located behind the bulge, the repulsive electrode is made in the form of a strip, the collecting electrodes are located in the housing with the formation of channels for air movement and in the channel for air movement between the collecting electrodes is located repulsive electrode.

The above are signs of the prototype, coinciding with the signs of the invention.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

i) small surface collecting electrodes for the deposition of dust particles, aerosol, smoke, steam, bacteria, mold, mites and viruses. Further, for simplicity, the text will refer to the deposition of dust, implying other harmful substances;

ii) low turbulence of the air flow near the surfaces of the collecting electrodes. Flow turbulence is carried out only by thickenings on the leading edges of the electrodes and by bending of the strips;

iii) no generation of radiation in the wavelength range from 0.1 µm to 100 µm;

iiii) the low speed of the air flow created during the operation of the electric air purifier due to the movement of positively charged ions from the corona to the collecting electrodes. High concentration of ozone in the air that has passed through the purifier. With an increase in voltage between the corona and collecting electrodes, the air flow rate can increase and reach a value of 2-4 m/s, however, this will significantly increase (by orders of magnitude higher than the MPC) the amount of ozone in the purified air, which is unacceptable;

iiiiii) during operation of the air purifier, a uniform electric field is generated near the surface of the strip. This does not contribute to the effective deposition of dust and other contaminants on the surfaces of the collecting electrode strips.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to increase the productivity and quality of air purification from dust, aerosol, smoke, steam, bacteria, mites and other contaminants while not exceeding the MPC of ozone in the purified air.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the electric air purifier contains a housing with holes for the passage of air, a power supply, corona electrode, collecting electrodes, repulsive electrodes;

the corona electrode is made in the form of a rod or wire, the collecting electrode contains a bulge on the leading edge of the electrode and a strip located behind the bulge, the repulsive electrode is made of a strip or contains a bulge on the leading edge of the electrode and a strip located behind the bulge;

the collecting electrodes are located in the housing with the formation of channels for the movement of air and in the channel for the movement of air between the collecting electrodes there is a repulsive electrode;

and the invention differs from the prototype in the following features:

the power supply device is configured to provide a difference in electrical potentials (hereinafter referred to as the potential difference) between the corona electrode and the collecting electrode from 10 to 100 kV, and also with the possibility of providing a potential difference between the repulsive electrode and the collecting electrode, and the magnitude of the potential difference is determined by the dependence:

P=pH,

where P is the potential difference between the repulsive electrode and the collecting electrode, kV;

p is a value that takes values from 1 to 20 kV/cm;

H is the minimum distance between the repulsive electrode and the collecting electrode, cm;

and in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the distances from the collecting electrodes to the corona electrode are the same or the distances differ, and the ratio of the minimum of the distances to the maximum of the distances is determined by the dependence:

_Lmin / _Lmax =k,

where k is a value that takes values from 0.5 to 0.9999;

L _min - the minimum of the distances from the collecting electrodes to the corona electrode;

L _max - the maximum of the distances from the collecting electrodes to the corona electrode;

in addition, transverse corrugations or alternating protrusions and recesses are made in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier on large surfaces of the collecting electrode strip, and longitudinal corrugations or alternating protrusions and recesses are made in the cross section of the electric air purifier on large surfaces of the collecting electrode strip.

The technical results of the invention are:

i) improving the quality of air purification from dust, other harmful substances and microorganisms (hereinafter, to simplify the text, only dust will be mentioned) by increasing the surface of the collecting electrodes for dust deposition without increasing the dimensions of the electrodes and the cleaner as a whole. By creating areas on the surfaces of the strips of the collecting electrodes, which prevent dust from slipping over the surfaces of the electrodes. Due to the effective turbulence of the air flow in the channels for the movement of air and near the surfaces of the collecting electrodes, which contributes to the deposition of dust particles on the surface of the electrodes. Due to the properties of the power device to create an electric field that provides a directed movement of ions and charged dust particles in the direction from the corona electrode to the collecting electrodes, as well as from the repulsive electrodes to the collecting electrodes;

ii) generation of radiation in the wavelength range from 0.1 to 100 microns, which contributes to the destruction of pathogens;

iii) increasing the speed of the air flow created by the electric air purifier during operation due to the movement of positively charged ions from the corona electrode to the collecting electrodes, while reducing the concentration of ozone and positively charged ions in the air that has passed through the purifier. Increasing the airflow rate leads to an increase in the performance of the air purifier;

iiii) an increase in the non-uniformity of the electric field during the operation of the air cleaner near the surface of the strip on the corrugations or alternating protrusions and depressions.

An additional technical result may be the following. Absorption of radiation emanating from the ultracorona in the channels for air movement, with a wavelength that is a multiple of the geometric dimensions of the corrugations, protrusions and depressions and the gaps between them due to the presence of corrugations, alternating protrusions and depressions on the surfaces of the collecting and/or repulsive electrodes.

In a particular case of the implementation of the invention in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode are the same or the distances differ, and the ratio of the minimum of the distances to the maximum of the distances is determined by the dependence:

_{Zmin/Zmax =} e,

where e is a value that takes values from 0.25 to 0.9999;

Z _min - the minimum of the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode;

Z _max - the maximum of the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode.

In a particular case of the implementation of the invention, transverse corrugations or alternating protrusions and recesses are made in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier on large surfaces of the repulsive electrode strip, in addition, longitudinal corrugations or alternating protrusions and recesses are made in the cross section of the electric air purifier on large surfaces of the repulsive electrode strip.

In a particular case of the implementation of the invention in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the angle between the lines connecting the corona electrode and the extreme collecting electrodes at the shortest distance takes a value from 25° to 180°.

In a particular case of the implementation of the invention in the longitudinal section of an electric air purifier, the diameter of the thickening of the collecting electrode is determined by the dependence:

D _yo = D _k d,

where d is a value that takes values from 5 to 1000;

D _k is the diameter of the corona electrode in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier;

D _yo is the diameter of the thickening of the collecting electrode in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier.

The power supply device may be configured to provide a positive potential with respect to the "ground" on the corona electrode.

The power supply device can be configured to provide a positive potential on the corona electrode with respect to the collecting electrodes.

The power supply device can be configured to provide a positive potential on the corona electrode with respect to the collecting electrodes and the ground.

The power device is configured to provide a potential difference between the discharge electrode and the collecting electrode, sufficient to create an air flow in the direction from the discharge electrode to the collecting electrodes, or, in other words, the power device is configured to provide a potential difference between the discharge electrode and the collecting electrodes, sufficient to create an air flow through an electric air purifier.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of an electric air purifier. The precipitation and repulsion electrodes are parallel to each other.

Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of an electric air purifier. Collecting electrodes create expanding channels for air movement.

Figure 3 shows two collection electrodes that form a channel for air movement. There is one repulsive electrode in the channel.

Figure 4 shows a collecting electrode with corrugations on the surface of the strip. There is a deposit of dust on the corrugations.

Figure 5 shows a collecting electrode with corrugations on two large surfaces of the strip. There are deposits of dust on the corrugations.

Figure 6 shows a collecting electrode with alternating protrusions and recesses on the surface of the strip.

Figure 7 shows a collecting electrode with alternating protrusions and recesses on two large surfaces of the strip. There are deposits of dust on the surfaces.

Figure 8 shows a repulsive electrode with alternating protrusions and recesses on two large surfaces of the electrode strip.

Figure 9 shows the section B-B with the precipitation and repulsion electrode. Dust deposits are located on the surfaces of the collecting electrodes.

Figure 10 shows a longitudinal section of the repulsive electrode. Rifles of various shapes are located on large surfaces of the strip.

Figure 11 shows a cross section of the repulsive electrode. Rifles of various shapes are located on large surfaces of the strip.

Figure 12 shows the longitudinal sections of the three repulsive electrodes. Thickenings of various shapes are located on the leading edges of the electrodes.

On Fig and Fig.14 shows the longitudinal sections of the repulsive electrodes with bulges on the leading edges of the electrodes, in the middle region of the strip and on the trailing edge of the electrode.

Figure 15 shows the lines of force of the electric field between the corona electrode, the collecting electrode and the repulsive electrode.

Figure 16 shows the lines of force of the electric field at the surface of the collecting electrode.

Fig. 17 is a drawing explaining the definitions of recess and protrusion.

On Fig presents the results of measurements of the object (plate) on a three-coordinate machine. An explanation is given to the method of constructing the median line of the section boundary section.

19 and 20 are drawings explaining the terms protrusion and recess.

Implementation of the invention

Below are definitions of terms used in the field of electric air purification.

An electric air purifier is a device designed to purify indoor air: trapping airborne particles of dust, aerosol, smoke, mold, odors, steam, bacteria, mites, viruses and other contaminants.

The electric air purifier can be used at the enterprises of the metallurgical, chemical, oil refining industries, cement plants and other industries, including for cleaning industrial emissions into the atmosphere, in medicine, kindergartens, nurseries, educational institutions, as well as in everyday life for air purification ( or other gases). The diagram of the electric air purifier is shown in figures 1 and 2. Electric air purifiers include analogues given in the application.

The body of the electric air purifier is a shell in which the electrodes, power supply, control automation are located. The housing protects the electrodes, power supply, control automation from environmental influences.

The power supply device (see item 13 in figure 1) provides power to the air purifier with electric current from the network or autonomously from the battery of electric energy. The power supply device is configured to provide a potential difference between the corona electrode and the collecting electrode.

A corona electrode is an electrode that creates an area with a sharply inhomogeneous electric field near its surface (the so-called ionization zone or corona cover). Charged particles formed in the ionization zone and having a charge sign coinciding with the polarity of the electrode, under the influence of an electric field, are carried out to a region of reduced field strength (outer region or drift region), where there is no ionization, and drift in the opposite direction from the electrode, creating a corona current . At the corona electrode, a positive potential of tens to hundreds of kilovolts and the corona sheath produces positively charged ions. The electrode is made in the form of a rod or wire. In general, an electric air purifier can also be designed so that the corona electrode has a different shape (points, sharp edges, etc.) and can have a negative potential from tens to hundreds of kilovolts.

Collecting electrode - an electrode with zero potential or with a potential of the opposite sign in relation to the potential of the corona electrode.

It is intended for particles of dust, aerosol, smoke, mold, odor, steam, bacteria, mites, viruses and other contaminants to settle on it.

The collecting electrode is made in the form of a strip. It can be made in the form of a strip with a thickening on the leading edge of the electrode or in the form of a rod. As a rule, the potential difference between the corona electrode and the collecting electrode is from 10 to 100 kV.

Repulsive electrode - an electrode that is designed to create an electric field that promotes the movement of ions and particles of dust and other contaminants to the surfaces of the collecting electrodes.

The rod is an elongated object.

Longitudinal section of an electric air purifier - a section oriented in the direction of air movement in the purifier and perpendicular to the corona electrode.

In the longitudinal section of an electric air purifier, the movement of air is in the direction from the corona electrode to the collecting electrodes.

The longitudinal section of the electric air purifier coincides with the longitudinal section of the collecting electrode and the repelling electrode.

Longitudinal section of an electric air purifier parallel to the cross section of the corona electrode.

Cross section of an electric air purifier - a section parallel to the longitudinal section of the corona electrode and perpendicular to the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier.

The cross section of the electric air purifier coincides with the cross section of the collecting electrode and the cross section of the repelling electrode.

Strip - a thin long piece of any material. The strip has two large surfaces and also has smaller surfaces (eg trailing edge surface of the strip, side edge surfaces of the strip). The strip can be made of constant thickness or variable thickness.

If the strip is made of constant thickness, then it has a parameter - strip thickness.

If the strip is made with a variable thickness, then it has a parameter - the maximum thickness of the strip.

Thickening - that which has the greatest thickness.

In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, a thickening may be located on the leading edge of the electrode. Thickening has the greatest value of thickness, in comparison with the values of thicknesses in other places of the longitudinal section of the electrode. The thickenings are indicated by the position 55 in Fig.12.

The middle part of the electrode is the part of the electrode located in its middle. In the longitudinal section, the electrode strip is conditionally divided into three parts equal in length:

- part adjacent to the leading edge (or adjacent to the thickening on the leading edge of the electrode);

- the middle part of the strip;

- the part adjacent to the trailing edge.

The minimum distance between the electrodes is the minimum distance of all possible distances between the electrodes.

The minimum distance between the repulsive and collecting electrodes is the minimum distance from all possible distances between the electrodes.

If we consider the electrodes in a longitudinal section, then the minimum distance between the electrodes is the minimum distance between all possible points on the boundaries of the section of the repulsive and collecting electrodes.

The collecting electrodes are located in the housing with the formation of channels for the movement of air and in each channel for the movement of air between the collecting electrodes there is a repulsive electrode (see figure 1, figure 2, figure 3). In general, repulsion electrodes may not be in every channel.

Rifle - grooves on the surface. On the border of the longitudinal section, transverse corrugations are visible. On the border of the cross section, longitudinal corrugations are visible.

Grooves are depressions on the surface.

The large surfaces of the collecting electrode strip are the two largest strip surfaces. In addition to these surfaces, the strip may have a trailing edge surface and a leading edge surface, as well as side edge surfaces.

The protrusion on the section boundary section is part of the section boundary section, which has two common points 113 and 114 (see Fig.19) with the median line 118 and, together with the adjacent part of the median line (between points 113 and 114) of the section boundary section, covers part 117 sectional area.

The recess in the section boundary section is a part of the section boundary section that has two common points 115 and 116 with the median line 118 and, together with the adjacent part of the median line (between points 115 and 116) of the section boundary section, covers a part of the environment 99 adjacent to the section.

Other definition of indentation: indentation is a notch, depression, the opposite of a protrusion.

The width of the protrusion is the shortest distance between two common points for the protrusion and the median line 123 (see Fig.20). The width of the protrusion is shown at 121 in FIG.

The height of the protrusion is the shortest distance from the top of the protrusion to the midline. In Fig.20, the height is indicated by position 119. The protrusion may have one vertex or several vertices of the same height. Figure 20 shows a protrusion that has one vertex with a height of 119.

The height of the protrusion can take values from 10 ^-12 to 0.25 of the thickness (maximum thickness) of the strip.

If the protrusion height is greater than 0.25 of the strip thickness, then this thickening does not apply to the strip. A strip with such a thickening can be called a profile, a shaped profile.

The apex of a ledge is the point on a ledge that has the shortest distance to the midline, compared to the distances from all possible other points on the ledge to the midline.

The width of the recess is the shortest distance between two common points for the recess and the median line 123 (see Fig.20). The width of the recess is shown at 122 in FIG.

Depth of recess - the shortest distance from the bottom of the recess to the midline. On Fig.20, the depth of the recess is indicated by position 120. The recess may have one lower point or several lower points of the same depth. Figure 20 shows a recess, which has one lower point with a depth of 120.

The depth of the recess can take values from 10 ^-12 to 0.25 of the thickness (maximum thickness) of the strip.

If the recess depth is greater than 0.25 of the strip thickness, then this recess does not apply to the strip. A strip with such a recess can be called a profile, a shaped profile.

The bottom point of the recess is the point on the recess, at which the shortest distance to the midline is greatest compared to the distances from all possible other points on the recess to the midline.

The median line of the section boundary section is:

- a line (a straight line, a second-order curve or a line of another shape), the position and shape of which relative to the section boundary is specified when designing the section of the object;

- a line (straight line, curve of the second order), built by the least squares method based on the results of measurements of the section of the boundary section of the object, for example, on a three-coordinate machine. Figure 17 shows a section 112. On the section of the section boundary between points 97 and 98, two recesses 99 and 101 and two protrusions 100 and 102. The space surrounding the object (or section) is indicated by position 111. Line 106 is the middle line of the section boundary section between the points 97 and 98.

In Fig.18 the median line is indicated by the position 105, in Fig.19 the median line is indicated by the position 118, in Fig.20 the median line is indicated by the position 123.

On Fig presents the point 103 measurements of the section of the boundary section of the object 107, carried out on a three-axis machine. According to the results of measurements of the area of the boundary of the section of the object by the method of least squares, the median line 105 of the section of the boundary of the section was constructed.

Line 105 is a line having the following property: the sum of squared distances from measurement points 103 to this line is minimal. The line is constructed by the least squares method known in mathematics.

Then the measurement points were connected with each other by straight lines. The result is a curve 104. Relative to the midline 105, the boundary of the section forms a protrusion 108 and a recess 109. Position 110 (see Fig.18) denotes the environment surrounding the object 107.

Alternating protrusions and recesses at the boundary of the section - this is when, along the boundary of the section, the protrusion is followed by a recess, the recess is followed by a protrusion, etc.

The distance from the discharge electrode to the collecting electrode is the shortest distance between all possible points on the surface of the discharge electrode and all possible points on the surface of the collecting electrode.

The distance from the discharge electrode to the collecting electrode is the shortest distance in the longitudinal plane of the electric air purifier between all possible points on the boundary of the section of the discharge electrode and all possible points on the boundary of the collecting electrode. The minimum of these distances in the aggregate of all collecting electrodes is the discharge gap.

In figure 1, the length of the straight line 19 is the shortest distance from the electrode 5 to the electrode 9.

Diameter - the upper limit of the distances between all possible pairs of points on a figure. The diameter of the corona electrode in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier (or in the cross section of the corona electrode) is the upper limit of the distances between all possible pairs of points on the border of the electrode section or the maximum of the distances between all possible pairs of points on the border of the electrode section.

The diameter of the thickening of the collecting electrode in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier is the upper limit of the distances between all possible pairs of points on the border of the thickening of the collecting electrode or the maximum of the distances between all possible pairs of points on the border of the cross section of the thickening of the electrode.

The diameter of the thickening of the repulsive electrode in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier is the upper limit of the distances between all possible pairs of points on the border of the thickening section of the repulsive electrode or the maximum of the distances between all possible pairs of points on the border of the cross section of the thickening of the electrode.

The length of the strip is the upper limit of the distances between all possible pairs of points on the border of the longitudinal section of the strip.

Width - the upper bound of the distances between all possible pairs of points of the border of the cross section of the strip.

Edge - the edge of something, in particular, the edge of the electrode.

The leading edge of the collecting electrode is the leading edge of the collecting electrode.

The trailing edge of the collecting electrode is the trailing edge of the collecting electrode.

Leading Edge of the Repulsion Electrode - The leading edge of the repulsion electrode.

The trailing edge of the repulsive electrode is the trailing edge of the repulsive electrode.

Front - located in front, in front.

The following is an explanation of the drawings shown in the figures.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of an electric air purifier. The electric air purifier comprises a body 1 with holes 2, 3 for air passage 4, a corona electrode 5. The corona electrode is made in the form of a wire. The air purifier also contains collecting electrodes 6, 7, 8 and 9, repulsive electrodes 10, 11 and 12, as well as a power supply device (constant bipolar voltage device) - 13. The corona electrode can be made in the form of a rod.

The corona electrode is connected to the power supply by an electrical conductor 14. The collecting electrodes are connected to the power supply by an electrical conductor 16. The repulsive electrodes are connected to the power supply by an electrical conductor 15. The collecting electrodes are located in the housing with the formation of channels for air movement, for example, electrodes 6 and 7 form a channel 17 , electrodes 7 and 8 form a channel 18 for air movement.

In each channel between the collecting electrodes there are repulsive electrodes, for example, in the channel 17 for air movement between the collecting electrodes 6 and 7 there is a repulsive electrode 10.

In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the distances from the collecting electrodes to the corona electrode are the same. The distance is indicated by 20. In other words, the surface of the corona electrode is equidistant from the ion-absorbing surfaces of the collecting electrodes.

Another embodiment of the invention may be one in which the distances from the collecting electrodes to the corona electrode are different. This contributes to the creation of an inhomogeneous electric field between the electrodes.

The ratio of the minimum of the distances to the maximum of the distances is determined by the dependence

_Lmin / _Lmax =k, (1)

where k is a value that takes values from 0.5 to 0.9999.

So at L _min =50 mm and k=0.5 L _max =100 mm.

At L _min ⁼ 50 mm and k=0.750 L _max = 66.67 mm.

At L _min ⁼ 50 mm and k=0.900 L _max =55.55 mm.

At L _min =40 mm and k=0.990 L _max =40.40 mm.

At L _min =42 mm and k=0.999 L _max =42.042 mm.

At L _min =45 mm and k=0.9999 L _max =45.0045 mm.

The case 1 contains side walls, and on the inner surfaces 25 of the side walls, the end of the wire discharge electrode, the ends of the collecting (non-corona) electrodes and the ends of the repulsive electrodes are fixed, and on the inner surface of one side wall or on the inner surfaces of each side wall between the discharge electrode 5 and the collecting electrodes (for example, electrode 6, see section A-A in Fig.1) there is a side 24, and the height and thickness of the side are respectively values from 0.01 to 0.5 and from 0.001 to 0.1 of the length of the line 20 connecting the emitting surface of the corona electrode 5 and the ion-absorbing surface of the collecting electrode.

In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode are different. In particular, in figure 1, the maximum of the distances from the discharge electrode 5 to the repulsion electrodes 11 is indicated by the position 21. This distance from the discharge electrode 5 to the repulsion electrode 11. The distances from the electrodes 10 and 12 to the discharge electrode 5 is less than the distance 21. Another embodiment of the invention may be such that the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode are the same.

Thus, in the general case, in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode are the same or the distances differ, and the ratio of the minimum of the distances to the maximum distances is determined by the dependence:

_{Zmin /Zmax =} e, (2)

where e is a value that takes values from 0.25 to 0.9999;

Z _min - the minimum of the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode;

Z _max - the maximum of the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode.

So at Z _min =60 mm and e=0.25 Z _max =240 mm.

At Z _min =60 mm and e=0.7 Z _max =85.71 mm.

At Z _min =60MM And e=0.9 Z _max =66.67 mm.

At Z _min =45 mm and e=0.99 Z _max =45.46 mm.

At Z _min =48 mm and e=0.999 Z _max =48.048 mm.

At Z _min =55 mm and e=0.9999 Z _max =55.0055 mm.

The power supply device 13 is configured to provide a potential difference between the corona electrode and the collecting electrode of 40 kV (in the range from 10 to 100 kV).

In addition, the power supply 13 is configured to provide a potential difference between the repulsive electrode and the collecting electrode, and the magnitude of the potential difference is determined by the dependence:

Р=рН, (3)

where p is a value that takes values from 1 to 20 kV/cm.

At H=1 cm and p=1 kV/cm P=1 kV;

At H=1 cm and p=5 kV/cm P=5 kV;

At H=1 cm and p=10 kV/cm P=10 kV;

At H=1 cm and p=20 kV/cm P=20 kV;

At H=0.5 cm and p=1 kV/cm P=0.5 kV;

At H=0.5 cm and p=5 kV/cm P=2.5 kV;

At H=0.5 cm and p=10 kV/cm P=5 kV;

At H=0.5 cm and p=20 kV/cm P=10 kV.

Another embodiment of the invention may be as follows. The power supply device 13 is configured to provide a potential difference between the corona electrode and the collecting electrode of 100 kV.

Also, an embodiment of the invention may be the following. The power supply device 13 is configured to provide a potential difference between the corona electrode and the collecting electrode of 10 kV.

In the longitudinal section (see figure 1) of the electric air purifier, the angle 23 between lines 22 and 19 connecting the corona electrode 5 and the extreme collecting electrodes 6 and 9 at the shortest distance takes on a value of 150° from the range from 25° to 180°.

In the longitudinal section (see figure 2) of the electric air purifier, the angle 23 between the lines connecting the corona electrode 5 and the extreme collecting electrodes 26 and 27 at the shortest distance takes on a value of 140° (from the range from 25° to 180°). The collecting electrodes are located in such a way that they create expanding channels in the direction of air movement, and this contributes to an increase in the air flow velocity in the channels.

Also, in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the angle between the lines connecting the corona electrode and the extreme collecting electrodes along the shortest distance takes on a value of 25°.

Another version of the layout of the device: in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the angle between the lines connecting the corona electrode and the extreme collecting electrodes along the shortest distance takes on the value of 90.

In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the diameter of electrode 5 takes values from 0.01 to 1.5 mm. This range of corona electrode wire thicknesses has been verified experimentally. In practice, it may be preferable to make a corona electrode with a diameter of 0.05 to 0.5 mm.

At the same time, in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the diameter of the thickening of the collecting electrode is determined by the dependence:

D _yo =D _k d, (4)

where d is a value that takes values from 5 to 1000.

The greater the value of d in formula (3), the greater the potential difference between the corona electrode and the collecting electrode can be.

The collecting electrode 28 (see Fig.3) contains a thickening 29 on the leading edge of the electrode and a strip 30 located behind the thickening 29. In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the diameter of the corona electrode is 0.1 mm, and the diameter of the thickening of the collecting electrode is 5 mm (value d =50).

The repelling electrode 31 includes a bulge 32 on the leading edge of the electrode and a strip 33 located behind the bulge. In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the diameter of the thickening located on the leading edge of the repulsive electrode is 2 to 0.1 of the diameter of the thickening located on the leading edge of the collecting electrode.

The diameter of the thickening located in the middle part or on the rear edge of the collecting electrode does not exceed the diameter of the thickening located on the leading edge of the collecting electrode.

The diameter of the bulge located in the middle part or on the rear edge of the repulsive electrode does not exceed the diameter of the bulge located on the leading edge of the repulsive electrode.

Position 81 in Fig.3, 4, 5, 6 denotes a turbulent air flow, including near the surface of the collecting electrode.

Figure 4 shows the remote element I from figure 3.

Position 83 indicates the deposition of dust on the surface of the electrode.

Figure 5 shows the remote element II from figure 3.

In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier on large surfaces 34 and 35 of the collecting electrode strip, transverse corrugations 36 are made. In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier (see Fig. 5), the collecting electrode strip is made with a variable thickness value along the length of the section.

Figure 6 shows the remote element III from figure 3. In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, on large surfaces of the collecting electrode strip, alternating protrusions and recesses are made.

Figure 7 shows the remote element IV from figure 3. In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, on large surfaces 37 and 38 of the collecting electrode strip, alternating protrusions 40 and recesses 39 are made.

Figure 8 shows the remote element V from figure 3. In the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, on large surfaces 44 and 45 of the strip of the repulsive electrode 33, alternating protrusions 47 and recesses 48 are made.

Thus, in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier (see Fig.8) the strip of the repulsive electrode is made with a variable thickness value along the length of the section.

Position 46 indicates the median line of the considered section of the section boundary. Relative to the median line, the profiles of the grooves, protrusions and recesses are measured.

In the cross section, in particular, in the section B-B in Fig.3 of the electric air purifier on the larger surfaces 34 and 35 of the strip of the collecting electrode, longitudinal corrugations 41 are made (see Fig.9). There is dust 83 on the surface of the electrode, including on the surfaces of the corrugations.

Thus, in the cross section of the electric air purifier (see Fig.9) the strip of the collecting electrode is made with a variable thickness value along the length of the section.

In the cross section of the electric air purifier, on the larger surfaces 37 and 38 of the strip of the collecting electrode, alternating protrusions 42 and recesses 43 are made (see Fig. 9).

Thus, in the cross section of the electric air purifier (see Fig.9) the strip of the collecting electrode 28 is made with a constant value of thickness along the length of the section, although protrusions and recesses are made on its surface.

And in the cross section of the electric air purifier (see FIG. 9), the larger surfaces 44 and 45 of the repulsion electrode strip are provided with alternating protrusions 49 and recesses 50. Dust does not settle on the surface of the repulsion electrode.

Thus, in the cross section of the electric air purifier (see Fig. 9), the strip of the repulsive electrode is made with a variable thickness value along the length of the section.

Figure 10 shows a longitudinal section of an electric air purifier and on the larger surfaces 51 and 52 of the strip of the repulsive electrode, transverse corrugations 53 of various shapes are made.

And in the cross section of the electric air purifier (see Fig.11) on the larger surfaces 51 and 52 of the repulsive electrode strip, longitudinal corrugations 54 of various shapes are made.

As mentioned above, the collecting electrode contains a bulge on the leading edge of the electrode and a strip located behind the bulge (see Fig.1,2, 3 and 12).

Figure 12 shows the longitudinal sections of the collecting electrodes with different forms of bulges on the leading edges of the electrodes. The repulsive electrodes can also have the same shape. On each section, points are indicated, between which characteristic sections of the longitudinal section are enclosed. In Fig.12, the thickening is indicated by the position 55, and the strip behind the thickening by the position 56.

On the site of the section boundary between points 58 and 61 (including points 57 and 62) there is a boundary of the longitudinal section of the thickening. Moreover, between points 57 and 62 is the front part of the border of the longitudinal section of the thickening. Between points 57 and 58 there is a section of the rear part of the border of the longitudinal section of the thickening. Between points 61 and 62 there is also a section of the rear part of the border of the longitudinal section of the thickening.

The entire surface of the collecting electrode is an ion-absorbing surface. The surface between points 58 and 61 (including points 57 and 62) of the bulge of the collecting electrode is the ion-absorbing bulge surface.

The entire boundary of the section is the boundary of the surface that absorbs ions.

On the section of the boundary section between points 58 and 61 (including points 59 and 60) is the boundary of the longitudinal section of the strip of the electrode. Moreover, between points 59 and 60 is the border of the trailing edge of the strip. Between points 58 and 59, as well as between points 60 and 61, there are sections of larger surfaces of the boundary of the longitudinal section of the electrode strip.

The surfaces between points 58 and 59, as well as between points 60 and 61, are larger surfaces of the band that absorb ions. The end surface of the strip also absorbs ions during operation.

The dotted line between points 58 and 61 marks the boundary between the bulge and the strip behind the strip.

The thickening can also be located in the middle part of the electrode.

Figure 13 shows a longitudinal section of the collecting electrode with a bulge 63 on the front edge of the electrode, with a bulge 64 in the middle part of the electrode and with a bulge 65 on the rear edge of the electrode. Between bulges 63 and 64 is a strip 66, and between the bulges 64 and 65 is a strip 67. Arrow 80 indicates the direction of air movement in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier.

Figure 14 shows the elements (sections) of the longitudinal section of the collecting electrode.

Between points 68 and 69 there is a section of the rear part of the border of the longitudinal section of the thickening located on the leading edge of the electrode.

Between points 79 and 78 there is also a section of the rear part of the boundary of the longitudinal section of the thickening located on the leading edge of the electrode.

In other words, between points 68 and 69, as well as between points 79 and 78, there are sections of the rear part of the border of the longitudinal section of the thickening located on the leading edge of the electrode.

Between points 70 and 71, as well as between points 77 and 76, there are sections of the front part of the boundary of the longitudinal section of the thickening located in the middle part of the electrode.

Between points 71 and 72, as well as between points 75 and 76, there are sections of the rear part of the border of the longitudinal section of the thickening located in the middle part of the electrode.

Between points 68 and 79 is the front part of the boundary of the longitudinal section of the thickening located on the leading edge of the electrode. As a rule, this part of the boundary of the longitudinal section is directed towards the corona electrode.

Between points 73 and 74 is the rear part of the border of the longitudinal section of the thickening located on the trailing edge of the electrode.

Between points 69 and 70, as well as between points 78 and 77, there are sections of larger surfaces of the boundary of the longitudinal section of the strip located between thickenings 63 and 64.

Between points 72 and 73, as well as between points 75 and 74, there are sections of larger surfaces of the boundary of the longitudinal section of the strip located between thickenings 65 and 64.

The number of collecting electrodes is from 4 to 100.

The number of repulsive electrodes N _from is determined by the formula

N _from =N _o -1,

where N _o - the number of collecting electrodes

The power supply device contains a transformer, a voltage multiplier, a rectifier.

Below are the geometric dimensions of the electrodes of a small-sized electric air purifier.

The thickness of the collecting electrode strip located behind the thickening takes values from the range from 0.5 mm to 5 mm.

The length of the strip of the collecting electrode, located behind the thickening on the leading edge of the electrode, takes values from the range from 10 mm to 100 mm.

The width of the strip of the collecting electrode, located behind the thickening on the leading edge of the electrode, is from 50 mm to 500 mm.

The thickness of the strip of the repulsive electrode located behind the thickening takes values from the range from 0.5 mm to 5 mm.

The length of the strip of the repulsive electrode, located behind the thickening on the leading edge of the repulsive electrode, takes values from the range from 5 mm to 80 mm.

The width of the repulsive electrode strip located behind the thickening on the leading edge of the repulsive electrode is from 50 mm to 500 mm.

The geometric dimensions of the electrodes of an electric air purifier used in industry can be significantly larger.

At a value from 10 to 100% of the length of the larger surface of the boundary of the longitudinal section of the strip, transverse corrugations and/or alternating protrusions and recesses are located.

At a value from 10 to 100% of the length of the larger surface of the border of the cross section of the strip, longitudinal corrugations and/or alternating protrusions and recesses are located.

The presence of grooves or alternating protrusions and recesses on the surfaces of the strip leads to an increase in the surface area of the strip.

For example, the strip has a length of 50 mm, a width of 200 mm. Then the area of two large surfaces of the smooth strip will be 20,000 mm ² .

If corrugations are applied to the surface of the strip (as shown in figure 5) with dimensions: the width of the corrugation is 0.5 mm, the depth is 1 mm, the length is 200 mm (equal to the width of the strip), the distance between the corrugations is 0.5 mm. Then the number of grooves on the two surfaces of the strip will be 100 pieces. The total surface of the side walls of the corrugation will be 40,000 mm ² , which is twice the surface of a smooth strip. If the depth of the grooves increases, then the surface of the side walls of the grooves increases, and hence the total surface of the strip.

The electric air purifier works as follows. The objective of the invention is to increase the productivity and quality of air purification from dust, aerosol, smoke, steam, bacteria, mites and viruses while not exceeding the MPC of ozone in the purified air.

The problem is solved by using the entire set of features of an independent claim. The achievement of the claimed effect is confirmed experimentally. Strengthening the effect, in private embodiments of the invention, can be achieved through the use of additional features given in the dependent claims and description.

The layout of the electrodes proposed in the invention makes it possible to provide a sufficiently high flow velocity (2.2 m/s or more) for a discharge gap of 3 to 50 cm. In this case, the MPC of ozone in the air flow will not be exceeded. An important role is played by the use of a single corona electrode in the form of a wire or rod and the placement of a group of collecting (non-corona) electrodes equidistant from this discharge electrode, as, for example, shown in figure 1, or by placing the collecting electrodes at different distances from the discharge electrode, satisfying the condition (one).

The collecting electrodes contain strips that form a directed air flow, and the surfaces of the strips (in particular, large surfaces) are a place for the deposition of dust and other harmful substances.

Corona is positive. A positive voltage U ₊ is applied to the corona electrode, and a negative (relative to earth) voltage U _{- is} applied to the group of collecting (non-corona) electrodes. When implementing the above measures, it is possible to significantly increase the voltage between the corona and collecting electrodes, to ensure the potential difference between the corona electrode and the collecting electrode from 10 to 100 kV. It is not advisable to raise the voltage above 100 kV - the dimensions are growing and the threat of breakdown is growing. It is not advisable to lower the voltage below 10 kV - the flow rate decreases and / or the ozone concentration increases.

It is possible to reduce the risk of breakdown and maintain the ultracorona mode, which has a low ozone yield, without showing any signs of the corona streamer mode or other glows, due to the location of one or more insulating ledges 24 (see Fig.1) on the inner surfaces of the side walls.

The claimed electric air purifier works as follows. When a positive potential is applied to the corona electrode 91 with a diameter that is more than 5 times smaller than the diameter of the thickening of the collecting electrode (see Fig.15), an electric field strength is created that is sufficient for the implementation of impact ionization processes, while in the rest of the discharge gap field is small. The field strength at the boundary 94 of the ionization region 82 (in particular, the critical strength) is determined by the condition of equality of the impact ionization and adhesion coefficients and is 24.5 kV/cm for dry air. The boundary 94 of the ionization region is also called the cover boundary. Visually, this manifests itself in the form of a luminous region of volume ionization (cover) around the corona electrode 91, where gas atoms and ions are deexcited in the ionization zone. These processes are accompanied by radiation both in the visible and in the shorter wavelength part of the spectrum, which creates a luminous halo around the corona electrode. In region 82, electrons move from boundary 94 in the direction of the surface of the corona electrode 91, and positively charged ions 84 move from boundary 94 in the direction of the surface of the collecting electrode 87. ). The ultracorona mode is quite natural for electronegative gases (in this case, air) at a positive potential of the corona electrode (i.e., positive corona) and is characterized by a relatively low ozone yield. In this case, the diameter of the cover (corona cover), where the ionization processes take place, is only several times greater than the diameter of the wire used in the proposed device, which is significantly less than the discharge gap.

The required level of primary electrons at the boundary of the volume ionization region is achieved due to photoionization due to exposure to hard UV radiation arising from the interaction of electrons accelerated in a sharply increasing field with molecules and ions of the sheath and the electrode surface. Despite the high value of the potential drop in the case, the bulk of the electrons fail to gain an energy exceeding several tens of eV due to frequent inelastic collisions at atmospheric air pressure. Hard UV radiation, which generates photoelectrons, also plays a significant role in cleaning the air from pathogens. Experimental studies of the emission spectra of the positive corona demonstrate a number of bright lines in the wavelength range of 0.1-0.4 μm, including the brightest lines due to the excitation of the first positive system of the N ₂ nitrogen molecule and the second negative system of the nitrogen ion N ₂ ⁺ .

Positively charged ions 84 (i.e., of the same polarity as the corona electrode 91), under the influence of the field, are carried out to the region of low intensity, where there is no ionization, and drift to the opposite (precipitating) electrode 87, creating a corona current. The field lines of force in Fig.15 are indicated by the position 86. The electrons 95, which appeared in the ionization zone, rush to the corona electrode 91, which is under a positive potential, and close the current. Thus, the area of ionization and drift of positive ions are separated in space, but the processes of ionization and drift of ions are carried out simultaneously.

The movement of ions in the outer unipolar region of the corona discharge, which close the current to the precipitation (non-corona) electrodes, leads to the appearance of a directed air flow (wind [1]) due to the transfer of the ion momentum to 84 air molecules. From general energy considerations, an approximately linear dependence of the air flow (wind) velocity on the square root of the discharge current follows. Violation of the ultracorona regime can significantly reduce the increase in wind speed with increasing current.

Velocity and total flow are highly dependent on the design of the electrode system. At a fixed voltage across the discharge gap, the total air flow increases with an increase in the total flow area of the channels for air movement between the collecting electrodes and depends in a rather complex way on the number and location of the corona electrodes and collecting electrodes.

The maximum ultracorona current (and, accordingly, the air flow rate) is achieved with one corona electrode, to which all thickenings of the collecting (non-corona) electrodes, to which the current flows, are “visible”. Moreover, the maximum speed of the air flow is achieved when the collecting electrodes are equidistant from the corona electrode. When the collecting electrodes are at different distances from the corona electrode, the inhomogeneity of the electric field increases, which helps to clean the air from dust and other contaminants. The diameter of the corona electrode plays a significant role in the operation of an electric air purifier. With a decrease in the diameter of the corona wire (at least to ∅ 0.05 mm), the current and air flow velocity increase somewhat, and the ozone yield decreases.

The stability of the ultracorona increases somewhat if the non-corona electrodes are allowed to have some negative potential:

-(U ₊ -U _- )/2<U _- ≤0.

This also reduces the concentration of ions in the vicinity of the device and has the advantage of reducing the electrification of plastic parts. A more dramatic reduction in the concentration of air ions is provided by a metal or low-conductive mesh, frame or grate at the inlet of the electric air purifier and at its outlet. Grids are installed on the inlet and/or outlet openings. The frames are installed around the perimeter of the inlet and/or outlet openings (holes for air passage 2 and 3, see figure 1).

With an increase in the applied voltage, the corona current increases, and, accordingly, the speed of the air flow. However, in this case, streamers and other luminous inhomogeneities, which are clearly visible in the dark, appear, and the ultracorona regime can pass into a positive streamer corona or into another form of discharge. It turned out that the root cause of these phenomena is associated with the presence of the boundary of the corona cover due to the finite length of the wire and the presence of walls. By modifying the conditions near this boundary (for example, by organizing one or more insulating partitions on the inner surfaces of the side walls of the case, as shown in figure 1), it is possible to significantly increase the range of voltages (and currents) when the ultracorona mode is maintained. The stability of the ultracorona (maximum current) also depends on the design of the collecting electrodes and their mutual arrangement. The stability of the ultracorona is relatively low for the design of a collecting electrode based on a metal mesh and is high for a system such as parallel rods, parallel strips, strips with thickenings. Moreover, an increase in the diameter of the thickening on the leading edge of the collecting electrode relative to the diameter of the corona electrode increases the stability of the ultracorona.

As is known, the main reaction of ozone synthesis is the three-body reaction

O ₂ + O + M \u003d O ₃ + M,

where O ₂ is an oxygen molecule;

O - atomic oxygen;

M - any component of air (N ₂ , O ₂ , A _r , CO ₂ , O, etc.);

the reaction components O ₂ , O, M, O ₃ can also be in vibrational and electronically excited states.

Consequently, the production of ozone will be less in those conditions when the efficiency of production of atomic oxygen is low, i.e. the rate of dissociation of O ₂ is reduced and the processes of atomic oxygen leaving are efficient.

As a result, the ozone yield depends on the distribution of the electric field in the discharge, various photoprocesses, and on the rate of a sufficiently large number of direct and reverse chemical reactions. Comparison of various forms of corona discharge at a comparable corona current showed that the ozone yield is relatively low only for the ultracorona regime, with a noticeable decrease with an increase in the ultracorona discharge gap.

Another possibility of reducing the yield of ozone is related to the dependence of the rate of chemical reactions on temperature. Since the most intensive production of atomic oxygen occurs in the corona sheath, it is sufficient to heat only the corona wire. Indeed, it turned out that with a relatively small heating of the wire, the ozone yield decreases. Depending on the discharge conditions and the parameters of the corona wire, the decrease is 1.6–2 times, and the optimum width of about ±5 degrees is in the temperature range from 40 to 120°C. Note that this local minimum differs from the monotonic decrease in the ozone yield with increasing temperature described in [2] upon significant heating of the corona electrode wire.

Industrial honeycomb ozone filters (thin-walled metal honeycombs coated with special catalysts) installed at the outlet of the air stream reduce the ozone concentration by 10-20%, and the reduction in the flow rate is 7-18%, respectively. A more significant aspect of their application is different: there is a decrease of about 5-2 times the maximum steady-state concentration of ozone in the room with the continuous operation of an electric air purifier, and the larger figure refers to small rooms, and the smaller one to larger ones, where the maximum steady-state concentration is more likely of everything, and so it will be below the MPC. It is also important that a device with such an ozone filter can be used to reduce the ozone content in rooms where its influx is caused by other devices.

In the process of working on the invention, a prototype of an electric air purifier was developed and manufactured, in which the discharge gap 20 (see Fig. 1) was 42 mm, the corona wire electrode had a diameter of 0.15 mm, the number of collecting (non-corona) electrodes was six, the number of repulsive electrodes - five, the angle 23 (see figure 1) was 90°.

Achieved in the prototype, the average air flow rate over the outlet section is higher than 2.2 m/s with an ozone concentration significantly lower than 30 μg/m ³ , in the framework of the claimed invention, demonstrates a compromise between the air flow rate, ozone production and the resource (lifetime) of the corona electrode wire.

The claimed air purifier can be successfully used in both household and industrial electrostatic precipitators. The fundamentally important advantage of the claimed air purifier compared to analogues on hepo filters is, in addition to those already noted above, the efficiency of cleaning from dust and pathogens, noiselessness and economy, maintaining a high degree of air purification from dust and microorganisms with a size of 0.1 microns or less. In the discharge gap, positive ions charge the particles, which causes them, when moving together with the gas flow, to move under the action of an electric field and diffusion to the collecting electrodes and stick to them. The classic version of the air cleaner is implemented by placing repulsive electrodes with a positive potential relative to the collecting electrodes (see figure 1). As a result, the role of the drift motion of dust particles directed towards the collecting electrode in the electric field increases (see Figs. 15 and 16). In Fig.15, position 86 shows the electric field lines between the discharge electrode 91 and the collecting electrode 87. Positive ions 84 and positively charged dust particles 85 move along the electric field lines in the direction from the electrode 91 to the electrode 87. Between the collecting electrode 87 and the repulsive electrode 88 also forms an electric field, the lines of force of which are indicated by position 89. This electric field affects the electric field between electrode 91 and electrode 87, bends it towards the collecting electrode.

Experiments have shown that the cleaning process improves with flow turbulence created, for example, by fluting or alternating protrusions and recesses on large strip surfaces (see Fig.3-8) or due to the existing thickening on the leading edge of the collecting electrode (see Fig. .1-3) and adding a similar thickening on the leading edge and in the middle part of the repulsive electrode strip. The effect is associated with an increase in the efficiency of dust grain charging processes and an increase in the contribution of the diffusion component of the dust grain flow to the collecting electrode, since the coefficient of turbulent diffusion of dust grains significantly exceeds the coefficient of ordinary diffusion.

Increasing the surface of the collecting electrodes reduces the concentration of dust in the purified air. However, increasing the surface by increasing the length of the collecting electrode strip leads to an increase in the resistance to air movement in the device and, as a result, to a decrease in the flow rate through the electric air purifier. Therefore, in the invention, an increase in the surface area of the collecting electrode strips is achieved by applying longitudinal and transverse corrugations (as well as protrusions and depressions) to the surface of the strips.

The process of adhesion of dust particles 92 is affected by the process of their polarization in the electric field 90 (see Fig.16). Due to the induction of the dipole moment 93 or the quadrupole moment 96, electric forces appear that hold the dust particles on the surface after their charge has left for the collecting electrode. The presence of grooves (as well as protrusions and depressions) on the surface of the collecting electrode strips increases the inhomogeneity of the electric field near the surface and enhances the adhesion force of dust grains to the surface.

In addition, the inhomogeneity of the electric field near the surface of the collecting electrode strips contributes to a decrease in the concentration of 84 ions in the purified air stream, since in a nonuniform electric field, ions are more efficiently attracted to the surface of the collecting electrode.

The lines of force of the electric field 90 (see Fig.16) are closed on the edges of the recesses and corrugations, as well as on the tops of the protrusions, which increases the inhomogeneity of the electric field near the surface of the strip.

An effective measure to combat excess ozone and the presence of ions in the purified air is as follows.

An electric air purifier is made in such a way that behind the inlets on the housing there is a grid or grid of conductive material, electrically connected directly or through resistance with a constant bipolar voltage device, configured to provide a potential difference between the grid and the collecting electrode up to 0.8 of the potential difference between corona electrode and collecting electrode.

In addition, a honeycomb ozone filter is located at the outlet of the electric air purifier in front of the housing outlets.

The presence of the aforementioned ozone filters and screens also improves the efficiency of dust collection. For example, if they are present, the depth of air purification from dust in a sealed room during operation of the claimed device increases several times.

Thus, the technical results of the invention are achieved. The design of the electric air purifier improves the quality of air purification from dust, other harmful substances and microorganisms by increasing the surfaces of the collecting electrodes. The surface of the collecting electrodes is increased due to the arrangement of strips of corrugations and/or protrusions and recesses on large surfaces. The increase in the surface of the strips was achieved without increasing the dimensions of the electrodes and the air purifier as a whole. Areas were created on the surfaces of the strips of collecting electrodes due to corrugations, protrusions and recesses, which prevent dust from slipping over the surfaces of the electrodes. In addition, sections are created on the surfaces of the strips of the collecting electrodes due to the corrugations, protrusions and recesses, which effectively turbulize the air flow in the channels for the movement of air and near the surfaces of the collecting electrodes. And this contributes to the effective deposition of dust particles on the surface of the electrodes. The deposition efficiency is also achieved due to the properties of the power supply device to create an electric field that provides a directed movement of ions (as well as charged dust particles and other particles) in the direction from the corona electrode to the collecting electrodes, as well as from the repulsive electrodes to the collecting electrodes.

Due to the properties of the power device, radiation is generated in the wavelength range from 0.1 to 100 microns, which contributes to the destruction of pathogens. But in order to prevent such radiation from leaving the channels for air movement due to re-reflections, it is advisable to increase the absorbing properties of the surface by taking the following actions: recesses with a protrusion height from 0.1 to 100 µm and a recess depth from 0.1 to 100 µm; in the cross section of the electric air purifier, on large surfaces of the collecting electrode strip, there are longitudinal corrugations with a depth of 0.1 to 100 µm or alternating protrusions and recesses with a protrusion height of 0.1 to 100 µm and a recess depth of 0.1 to 100 µm.

In addition, in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, on large surfaces of the repulsive electrode strip, there are transverse corrugations with a depth of 0.1 to 100 µm or alternating protrusions and recesses with a protrusion height of 0.1 to 100 µm and a recess depth of 0.1 to 100 µm; in the cross section of the electric air purifier on large surfaces of the strip of the repulsive electrode, longitudinal corrugations with a depth of 0.1 to 100 μm or alternating protrusions and recesses with a protrusion height of 0.1 to 100 microns and a recess depth of 0.1 to 100 microns are made.

The power supply, the design and relative position of the electrodes provide an increase in the speed of the air flow created by the electric air purifier during operation due to the movement of positively charged ions from the corona electrode to the collecting electrodes with a simultaneous decrease in the concentration of ozone and positively charged ions in the air that has passed through the purifier. The decrease in the concentration of positively charged ions in the air is facilitated by the inhomogeneity of the electric field near the surfaces of the collecting electrodes. The inhomogeneity of the field, to a greater extent, is achieved by the presence of corrugations, recesses and protrusions on the surface of the strips of collecting electrodes. Increasing the airflow rate results in an increase in the performance of the air purifier.

It is also important that in the channels for the movement of air, due to the presence on the surfaces of the precipitation and/or repulsive electrodes of the corrugation, alternating protrusions and depressions, the absorption of radiation emanating from the ultracorona with wavelengths that are multiples of their geometric dimensions and the distances between them is ensured.

The electric air purifier may be configured to include a motion sensor that activates the air purifier when a person, animal, or movement occurs in the room.

Literature

[one]. Robinson M. A history of the electric wind. Am. J. Phys., 1962, v. 30(5), pp.366-372.

[2]. Toshikazu Ohkubo, Syunsaku Hamasaki, Yukiharu Nomoto, Jen-Shin Chang, Takayoshi Adachi. The effect of corona wire heating on the downstream ozone concentration profiles in an air-cleaning wire-duct electrostatic precipitator. IEEE Tr. Industry Appl., 1990, v. 26(3), pp.542-549.

Claims (23)

1. An electric air purifier, containing a housing with holes for the passage of air, a power supply, a corona electrode, collecting electrodes, repulsive electrodes; the corona electrode is made in the form of a rod or wire, the collecting electrode contains a bulge on the leading edge of the electrode and a strip located behind the bulge, the repulsive electrode is made of a strip or contains a bulge on the leading edge of the electrode and a strip located behind the bulge; the collecting electrodes are located in the housing with the formation of channels for air movement and in the channel for air movement between the collecting electrodes there is a repulsive electrode, characterized in that the power supply device is configured to provide a potential difference between the corona electrode and the collecting electrode from 10 kV to 100 kV, and also with the possibility of providing a potential difference between the repulsive electrode and the collecting electrode, and the magnitude of the potential difference is determined by the dependence: P=pH, where P is the potential difference between the repulsive electrode and the collecting electrode, kV; p is a value that takes values from 1 kV/cm to 20 kV/cm; H is the minimum distance between the repulsive electrode and the collecting electrode, cm; and in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the distances from the collecting electrodes to the corona electrode are the same or the distances differ, and the ratio of the minimum of the distances to the maximum of the distances is determined by the dependence: _Lmin / _Lmax =k, where k is a value that takes values from 0.5 to 0.9999. L _min - the minimum of the distances from the collecting electrodes to the corona electrode; L _max - the maximum of the distances from the collecting electrodes to the corona electrode; in addition, transverse corrugations or alternating protrusions and recesses are made in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier on large surfaces of the collecting electrode strip, and longitudinal corrugations or alternating protrusions and recesses are made in the cross section of the electric air purifier on large surfaces of the collecting electrode strip. 2. Electric air purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode are the same or the distances differ, and the ratio of the minimum of the distances to the maximum of the distances is determined by the dependence: Z _min / Z _max \u003d e, where e is a value that takes values from 0.25 to 0.9999; Z _min - the minimum of the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode; Z _max - the maximum of the distances from the repulsive electrodes to the corona electrode. 3. Electric air purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier on large surfaces of the strip of the repulsive electrode, transverse corrugations or alternating protrusions and recesses are made, in addition, in the cross section of the electric air purifier on large surfaces of the strip of the repulsive electrode longitudinal corrugations or alternating protrusions and recesses are made. 4. Electric air purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the angle between the lines connecting the corona electrode and the extreme collecting electrodes over the shortest distance takes a value from 25° to 180°. 5. Electric air purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier, the diameter of the thickening of the collecting electrode is determined by the dependence: D _yo = D _k d, where d is a value that takes values from 5 to 1000; D _k is the diameter of the corona electrode in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier; D _yo is the diameter of the thickening of the collecting electrode in the longitudinal section of the electric air purifier.

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