RU2391941C2 - Method of boar castration - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of veterinary. Method lies in the following: performed are: preparation and fixation of animal, anaesthetisation, cutting of skin, subcutaneous fat and fascia opposite external inguinal ring. After that general vaginal tunic is separated from fascia. General vaginal tunic is ligated together with spermatic cord. Testicle is left in scrotum cavity.

EFFECT: enhanced organism resistance and increased additional weight.

1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular to veterinary surgery, and can be used for castration of boars in veterinary clinics and pig farms.

The most common method of castration of old boars (Magda II Operational surgery with the basics of topographic anatomy of domestic animals. M., Kolos, 1979, p. 269-270). Castration of old boars is carried out in a lying or standing position. The operation is done no later than 1.5-2 months before slaughter. A loop of a strong rope is thrown onto the upper jaw of the boar, which is then pulled either through a ring fixed in the floor or through a crossbar near the floor between two posts. When castration in a supine position, intratesticular anesthesia with thiopental or pentatal sodium is used. When the animal lies down, immediately begin surgery. When castration in a standing position, local anesthesia is used - 10 ml of a 3% solution of novocaine is injected into the thickness of each testis or spermatic cord. Additionally, the solution is injected subcutaneously along the scrotal incision line. To reduce boar aggressiveness, antipsychotics (chlorpromazine, azaperone, etc.) are administered intramuscularly before local anesthesia. Firmly grasping the testis with your left hand, dissect all layers of the scrotum together with the common vaginal membrane, tear the vaginal ligament with your fingers, which is easy for the boars. The spermatic cord is separated from the common vaginal membrane and a ligature of thick silk or catgut thread No. 8-10 is applied on its thinned part. At a distance of 2 cm from the ligature, the spermatic cord is crossed with scissors. With a very large yawning of castration wounds, it is advisable to close them with a suture from a synthetic thread, and all 4 edges of the wound of the dissected scrotum are flashed with it at the same time. Usually make three loop-like seams. At first, they are not tied, but by pulling the threads, the edges of both wounds are brought together and an antibiotic or sulfonamide oil suspension is injected into the cavity of each half of the scrotum using a rubber tube or blunt cannula. Then the stitches are pulled together and tied.

There is a method of castration of boars with dissection of the skin of the scrotum along the suture of the scrotum and excision of a section of the muscular-elastic membrane and septum of the scrotum at the level of the inguinal canal according to the method of A.P. Studentsov (A.P. Studentsov. Castration of males and females of cattle and pigs. M. , Selkhozgiz, 1954. S.31-37). The boar is held by the hind limbs or strengthened on the operating table in a suspended position with a highly raised pelvis. The hind limbs are moderately bent apart for the convenience of the operation. After preparation of the surgical field, the testes are pressed with the left hand from back to down - towards the abdomen and establish the border of their anterior pole. Kocher forceps grab the skin of the suture of the scrotum at the level of the front (lower) edges of the testicles and slightly pull it off. Cut through the skin of the scrotum seam over _^2/3 the length of the testes. Testicles protrude through the incision, enclosed in a common vaginal and muscular-elastic membrane, with a clearly defined indentation between the right and left halves of the scrotum. Kocher tweezers capture the muscular-elastic membrane together with the scrotum septum and, pulling it away, excise the flap with scissors. Grab the testis with tweezers or a finger and remove it from the wound. Pulling the spermatic cord, the scrotum tissue is shifted towards the abdomen and the spermatic cord is ligated together with the common vaginal membrane. Departing from the ligature 1.5-2 cm below it, cut the spermatic cord and the testes are removed.

Animals operated on by these castration methods can hardly tolerate the postoperative period, refuse to feed, lie more, there are various postoperative complications such as inflammation of the stump of the spermatic cord, loss of the omentum, intestinal loop, etc.

Closest to the claimed method of castration is the castration method, known as the subcutaneous ligature method (castration by means of a needle), which was first described by Sirr in 1842 (A.A. Bayburttsyan. A new method for increasing livestock productivity. M., Selkhozizdat, 1961. C .43-44). Its essence lies in the cessation of nutrition of the sex glands of males as a result of the application of ligatures to the spermatic cord (subcutaneously).

During castration of small cattle in this way, animals are fixed in a lying dorsal-lateral position, and cattle in a lying or standing position. For subcutaneous ligature castration, you need to have thick silk, a needle holder and arcuate curved surgical needles.

After processing the surgical field, the assistant pulls one of the testes with the appendage down. The operator with the index and middle fingers of the left hand through the skin pulls the spermatic cord back and directly below the rudimentary nipples injects a needle to the vaginal canal. Having encircled the spermatic cord with a needle, it leads it out through the injection hole or nearby, so that under the ligature there is as little skin as possible. The ligature is tightened strongly with the help of sticks tied to its ends, and tied with two knots. Do the same with the second testis. The ligature is removed on the second or third day.

However, in some cases, when applying this method, post-castration changes develop, as well as castration results in older animals.

For castration of boars, the subcutaneous ligature method is not used because of the features associated with subcutaneous fat.

The aim of the invention is to develop a rational, cost-effective method of castration of boars, providing a reduction in tissue injury, increase resistance and increase live weight gain in operated animals. During the operation, the testis with a common vaginal membrane is not dissected and not removed, but left in the scrotum. The testis, devoid of innervation and blood supply, resolving, acts as a biogenic stimulant, increases the body's resistance and increases the gain in live weight. The method provides a reduction in tissue trauma, an increase in resistance and an increase in live weight gain in operated animals.

The method is as follows. The animal is fixed in the dorsal position on the operating table. After sterilization of the necessary instrument, suture material, surgical field, as well as the surgeon's hands according to the rules adopted in surgery, and infiltration anesthesia with a 0.5% solution of novocaine, a tissue incision is made in the inguinal region 2-3 cm long opposite the external inguinal ring to common vaginal membrane. At a distance of 1-2 cm from the external inguinal ring, a ligature of silk or synthetic thread, the ends of which are tied with a nautical or surgical knot, is placed under the common vaginal sheath. After treating the surgical wound with an antiseptic, the skin wound is sutured with a knotted suture using catgut.

In the literature, no descriptions of castration of boars with leaving testes in the scrotum cavity were found.

Execution example.

In a castration experiment, 10 boars aged 4-6 months were used. 2 groups were formed on the basis of analogues (breed, age). There were 5 animals in each group.

Animals of the first group were castrated according to the most common method "for ligature." During castration, a ligature was applied to the spermatic cord after opening the scrotum, cavity of the common vaginal membrane and transection of the transitional ligament. Having retreated 1-1.5 cm down from the ligature, the spermatic cord was cut and the testis was removed.

Animals of the second group were castrated according to the method developed by us with leaving the testis in the scrotum cavity. An incision was made in the inguinal region, a ligature was placed on the spermatic cord with a common vaginal membrane. The testis was not removed.

In the first group, the boars in the first two days after the operation were sluggish, often lay down, refused to feed, in the future their general condition was satisfactory, the temperature was normal.

The animals of the second group already on the second day after the operation felt satisfactory, their body temperature was within normal limits, they eagerly ate food, were active. In the future, the boars of the second group grew better and did not undergo painful processes.

The results of the experiment are presented in the table.

Thus, the use of the proposed method of castration of boars allows less surgery to injure tissue, the wound heals faster, and the testis remaining in the scrotum, devoid of innervation and blood supply, dissolves, increases the body's resistance and increases the gain by 8-10% compared to the prototype, which is economically more profitable.

The method of castration of boars with leaving the testis in the scrotum will be widely used in veterinary practice.

Table Boar Castration Results Group number Castration method Number of animals Live weight got sick before surgery after 1 month after 2 months before slaughter one common 5 58.8 ± 0.2 90.3 ± 0.25 110.7 ± 0.4 145.0 ± 0.5 2 2 proposed 5 58.6 ± 0.15 92.9 ± 0.2 115.3 ± 0.5 160.3 ± 0.6 0

Claims (1)

The method of castration of boars, characterized in that the preparation and fixation of the animal, anesthesia, incision of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and fascia opposite the external inguinal ring are performed, then the common vaginal membrane is removed from the fascia, the common vaginal membrane is ligated together with the spermatic cord, and the testis is left in scrotum cavity.