RU23918U1 - INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FORCAM - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A prechamber of an internal combustion engine containing a cavity, side flare channels made at an angle to the longitudinal axis and tangentially to the surface of its wall, characterized in that it further comprises an axial flare channel. A prechamber of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the side flare channels are made at an angle of 5 to 30 k axis. A prechamber of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the side flare channels are clockwise. A prechamber of an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the number of side flare channels is in the range from 4 to 7.5. A prechamber of an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the diameter of the axial flare channel is equal to or greater than the diameter of the side flare channels.

Description

CAMERA OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

The utility model relates to the production of internal combustion engines, specifically to fuel supply and fuel ignition systems in cylinders.

Known pre-chamber internal combustion engine according to the USSR patent No. 691102, IPC F 02B 19/18, the applicant is a foreign company Toyota (Japan). The prechamber is made in the form of local expansion communicated through a channel with the main combustion chamber; an ignition plug is installed in this channel. Disadvantage: the complexity of the engine design and the inability to re-equip the serial engine to improve its performance.

Known prechamber according to A.S. USSR No. 259553, which is made of three parts forming the cavity of the preliminary ignition of the fuel-air mixture. The disadvantage of this prechamber is the design complexity, the need to seal the prechamber parts with each other and the large dimensions of the device

Known prechamber of the internal combustion engine according to AS USSR No. 1370269, comprising, mounted on spark plugs, a cylindrical part forming a prechamber cavity between the end of the candle and the end of the part. An axial flare channel is filled at the end of the part. The disadvantage of this prechamber, its low efficiency is due to the presence of only one axial channel and the absence of swirling the flow of fuel-air mixture.

This disadvantage was eliminated in the chamber of the internal combustion engine according to AS USSR No. 1592534, IPC 5 F 02 B 19/16, decl. 08.21.87 g. (Prototype). The prechamber contains a cavity, a transition channel communicated with the cavity by a connecting section, the surface of which is made in the form of a body of revolution and is interfaced with the surfaces of the walls of the cavity and the transition channel, and lateral flare channels embedded in the transition

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channel at an angle to its longitudinal axis and tangentially to the surface of its wall, while the connecting zastok made radius. Disadvantages of this pre-camera:

1. The low efficiency of ignition of the main fuel charge, which is explained by the fact that the flare jets exit from the tangential holes and propagate to the sides, and the distribution of jets in the axial direction is limited due to the absence of an axial flare channel. The consequence of this is the low efficiency of an engine equipped with such a device, its overheating, detonation, and poor starting in winter time and in bad weather.

2. The complexity of the construction and its low technology, due to the presence of the transition channel and the connecting section of a complex configuration.

The tasks of creating a flight model: the use of low-octane gasolines and increasing the ignition efficiency, especially at low temperatures and in wet weather.

The solution of these problems was achieved due to the fact that the prechamber of the internal combustion engine, containing a cavity, side flare channels, made at an angle to the longitudinal axis and tangentially to the surface of its wall, additionally contains an axial flare channel.

Side flare channels are made at an angle of 5 ° ... 30 ° to the axis. Side flare canapes are clockwise. The number of side flare channels is in the range from 4 to 7. The diameter of the axial flare channel must be equal to or greater than the diameter of the side flare channels for effective axial advancement of the flame front and turbulization of the fuel-air mixture. Conscious patent research has shown that the proposed technical

the solution has novelty and industrial applicability, i.e., it satisfies the criteria of a utility model.

To implement the proposed utility model requires serial equipment and non-essential materials. The ability to achieve the stated result is confirmed by experiments.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawings of FIG. 1 .. .3, where:

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a prechamber,

In FIG. 2 shows a view along aa,

In FIG. 3 shows a section along BB.

The pre-chamber of the internal combustion engine (Fig. 1) contains a wall 1, cavity 2, side flare channels 3 and an axial torch channel 1. A spark plug is screwed into the pre-chamber of the internal combustion engine 5. The pre-chamber of the internal combustion engine has an external thread 6 for screwing into the cylinder head housing and an internal threaded hole 7 for screwing the spark plug 5.

The angle of inclination of the lateral flare channels 3 with respect to the axis is 11 from 5 ° to 30 °. The number of side flare channels from 4 to 7. The diameter of the axial flare channel do is equal to or greater than the diameter of the lateral flare channels di.

To confirm the optimality of the chosen design and the ratio of sizes and angles of inclination of the side flare channels to the axis, the applicants have made and tested several times. prechamber options.

The rationale for choosing the angle of inclination to the axis of the side flare channels is given in table. 1.

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3

Squeezing the choice of the angle of inclination of the side flare channels to the axis

Tab. 1

From the table. 1 shows that the optimal inclination of the lateral flare channels to the axis 5 ° ... 30. This ensures the optimal combination of all characteristics.

The diameter of the axial flare channel must be either equal to or greater than the diameter of the side flare holes. This is necessary so that the cross-sectional area of the axial flare channel 4 is commensurate with the hole area of the lateral flare channels 3. Otherwise, the presence of the axial flare channel ceases to affect the operation of the prechamber. The rationale for choosing the ratio of the diameters of the axial and lateral flare channels is given in table. 2 Rationale for the selection of the diameter of the flare Kai

From the table. 2 shows that the optimal ratio of the diameters of the flare channels d provides the optimal combination of the main characteristics of the engine.

Tab. 2

The proposed prechamber of an internal combustion engine operates as follows.

Previously, all candles 5 are turned out of the cylinder head. Candles 5 are screwed into the internal threaded hole 7 of the device. The device is screwed by an external thread 6 into the cylinder head (in Fig. 1 ... 3 the cylinder head is not shown).

During operation, after fuel is injected into the engine cylinder, part of it enters the prechamber and is ignited by candles 5. First, the dose of the air-fuel mixture in the prechamber is ignited, a powerful heat pulse is generated that is sufficient to ignite the remaining fuel charge in the engine cylinder. The tangential arrangement of the lateral flare channels creates a swirling movement of the fuel-air charge, and the inclination of these channels at a relatively small angle to the axis moves the flame front along the axis of the cylinder. The combination of two types of holes: axial and tangential, creates the conditions for effective axial movement of the combustion front at the moment of ignition, forms turbulent zones (microvortices), which increases the completeness of combustion.

The use of the useful model is complete:

1. Use low-octane gasolines.

2. Without changing the compression of the engine and its wear:

-increase the completeness of fuel combustion,

-decrease CO exhaust, exhaust gases,

- prevent engine overheating in the summer,

- ensure reliable engine start in cold and weather conditions,

-to improve the dynamic characteristics of the car.

As a result, consumers are able to save time and money. Applicant authors: УЖ У (- ChuvaevA. I. Soloviev V. A. Parshikov Yu. I.

Claims (5)

1. A prechamber of an internal combustion engine containing a cavity, side flare channels made at an angle to the longitudinal axis and tangentially to the surface of its wall, characterized in that it further comprises an axial flare channel. 2. The prechamber of the internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the side flare channels are made at an angle of 5 to 30 ^o to the axis.  3. The prechamber of the internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lateral flare channels are made clockwise.  4. The prechamber of the internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the number of side flare channels is in the range from 4 to 7. 5. The chamber of the internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the diameter of the axial flare channel is equal to or greater than the diameter of the side flare channels.