RU2391304C1 - Electrically-heated glass article - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to designing and using electrically-heated glass articles which are transparent cabin components of different types of transportation vehicles. The electrically-heated glass article has at least two glasses stuck together by a gluing layer. On the inner side of one of the glasses there is a current-conducting coating made from tin dioxide and current-conducting copper strips which are in contact with the current-conducting coating. The copper strips lie in the peripheral regions of the glass and are connected to electroconductive leads. The current-conducting strips additionally have an aluminium coating with width of 4-5 mm and thickness of 0.045-0.055 mm. A copper coating with width of 5±0.5 mm and thickness of 0.075-0.085 mm is in contact wit the aluminium coating.

EFFECT: higher operating reliability of the electrically-heated glass article.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of development and operation of electrically heated glass products, which are transparent elements of the cabin of various types of vehicles.

Electric heating glassware is a composition of several glasses connected by an organic adhesive layer, for example, a polyvinyl butyral film. This type of glassware is part of the cockpit glazing of various types of vehicles. To ensure the transparency of glassware under various weather conditions, they contain a conductive coating located on the inner surface of one of the glasses, and conductive bars in contact with the conductive coating and connected to the conductive terminals. In this case, the bars are located in the edge regions of the glass one opposite the other. The main requirements for the conductive busbars are: significantly higher electrical conductivity compared to the conductive coating, high adhesion to the conductive coating and reliability during operation under various weather conditions.

Electric heating glassware is known, including at least two glasses connected by a bonding layer, while on the inner side of one of the glasses there is a conductive coating of tin dioxide and conductive bars in contact with the conductive coating located opposite each other in the glass regions and connected to electrical conductive conclusions (Yanishevsky V.M. et al. Glass and Ceramics, 1960, No. 8, p.25-26; II Kitaygorodsky. Handbook of glass production. M., Gosstroyizdat, 1963, v.2, p.801 -811). In the known electrically heated glassware, the conductive bars are made of silver-silicate composition.

A disadvantage of the known electrically heated glassware is that upon receipt of the conductive busbars of silver-silicate composition in contact with the conductive coating of tin dioxide, a complex and lengthy manufacturing technology of silicate-silver paste used to obtain conductive bars is used. In addition, the use of silver and the additional operation of baking the chunks at high temperatures unreasonably increases the cost of electrically heated glass products and thereby reduces their competitiveness.

Closest to the invention is an electric heating glass product comprising at least two glasses connected by a gluing layer (Patent RU No. 2292675, class H05B 3/84, publ. 01.27.2007). On the inner side of one of the glasses there is a conductive coating and conductive copper bars in contact with the conductive coating, located opposite each other in the edge regions of the glass and connected to the conductive terminals. Copper foil 0.07 mm thick and 7 mm wide is used as conductive busbars. Copper foil is fixed on the surface of the glass with a conductive coating using special glue.

The authors conducted an experimental test of the operation of electrically heated glassware using conductive copper bars that were in contact with a conductive tin dioxide coating. It was found that due to differences in electrical resistance at various points along the length of the copper foil at the points of contact with the conductive coating of tin dioxide, the foil is destroyed and, ultimately, the circuit breaks. In our opinion, this is probably due to the insufficiently high degree of adhesion of the copper foil to the conductive tin dioxide coating. Thus, a disadvantage of the known electrically heated glassware is the low reliability during its operation. This is especially true for large-sized, electrically heated glassware with a bar length of more than 1000 mm.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of electrically heated glass products during their operation.

To achieve the objective of the invention, an electric heating glassware is proposed, including at least two glasses connected by an adhesive layer, moreover, on the inner side of one of the glasses there is a conductive coating of tin dioxide and conductive copper bars in contact with the conductive coating located opposite one another and connected to the conductive terminals, characterized in that the conductive busbars additionally contain an aluminum coating with a width of 4-5 mm, a thickness of 0.045 -0.055 mm in contact with the conductive coating, and a copper coating of 5 ± 0.5 mm wide, 0.075-0.085 mm thick, in contact with the aluminum coating.

As a result of the studies, it was found that aluminum has good adhesion to the conductive tin dioxide coating, and the copper coating has good adhesion to the aluminum coating. Good adhesion results were obtained when applying coatings of aluminum and copper using the gas-dynamic method of applying coatings of powder materials, for example, according to patent RU No. 2109842, class. C23C 4/04, publ. 04/27/1998. It was experimentally established that the thickness of the aluminum coating within 0.045-0.055 mm is optimal, since with its values less than 0.045 mm the width of the zone covered by aluminum decreases (less than 4 mm), and an increase in thickness of more than 0.055 reduces the adhesion of aluminum to the conductive coating of dioxide tin. The width of the aluminum coating is determined by the width of the copper coating and is in the range of 4-5 mm to ensure good adhesion with both the conductive coating of tin dioxide and copper coating. The width of the copper coating is within 5 ± 0.5 mm, and the thickness, respectively, is 0.075-0.085 mm. If the width is less than 4.5 mm and, accordingly, the thickness is less than 0.075 mm, overheating of glassware at the contact points of aluminum and copper coatings with a conductive tin dioxide coating is possible. An increase in the width of the copper coating of more than 5.5 mm and, accordingly, a thickness of more than 0.085 mm is unjustified, since this does not lead to an improvement in any indicators of electric heating glass products.

Figure 1 schematically shows an electric heating glass product, consisting of two glasses connected by an adhesive layer ("triplex"). Figure 2 schematically shows an electric heating glass product, consisting of three glasses connected by two bonding layers ("pentaplex").

Electric triplex glassware includes two glasses 1 connected by a gluing layer 2. On the inner 3 side of one of the glasses 1 there is a conductive 4 coating of tin dioxide. Aluminum 5 coating with a width of 4-5 mm, a thickness of 0.045-0.055 mm in contact with the conductive 4 coating. The copper coating 6 is in contact with the aluminum 5 coating, has a width of 5 ± 0.5 mm, a thickness of 0.075-0.085 mm. The copper coating 6 is connected to the conductive terminals 7.

Pentaplex type electric heating glass includes three glasses 1, connected by two gluing 2 layers. On the inner 3 side of one of the glasses 1 there is a conductive 4 coating of tin dioxide. Aluminum 5 coating with a width of 4-5 mm, a thickness of 0.045-0.055 mm in contact with the conductive 4 coating. The copper coating 6 is in contact with the aluminum 5 coating, has a width of 5 ± 0.5 mm, a thickness of 0.075-0.085 mm. The copper coating 6 is connected to the conductive terminals 7.

Both in the "triplex" and in the "pentaplex", the electrical conductive terminals 7 are connected to an electric power source, including elements for controlling the temperature of heating the electric heating glassware (not shown in Fig.1-2).

Example 1. It is necessary to obtain a flat large-sized electrically heated glass product of the "triplex" type with dimensions of 1207 × 926 × 13.5 mm, used for glazing of railway vehicles.

Use two glass 1 with a given size and a thickness of 6 mm each, which are glued with a polyvinyl butyral film with a thickness of two layers gluing 1.5 mm. On the inner 3 side of one of the glasses 1 has a conductive 4 coating of tin dioxide, which is applied by author. testimonial. SU No. 1700906, class C03C 17/23, publ. 06/20/2005. The aluminum 5 coating 4 mm wide, 0.045 mm thick and 1100 mm long is in contact with the conductive 4 coating. The copper coating 6 is in contact with the aluminum 5 coating, has a width of 4.5 mm, a thickness of 0.075 mm and a length of 1100 mm. Coatings of aluminum and copper are obtained by the gas-dynamic method of coating from powder materials according to patent RU No. 2109842, class. C23C 4/04, publ. 04/27/1998. The copper coating is connected to the conductive terminals 7 made of copper by soldering.

Example 2. It is necessary to obtain a bent large-sized electrically heated glass product of the "triplex" type with dimensions of 2000 × 742 × 13.5 mm for glazing of railway vehicles.

Two glasses 1 are used with the specified surface curvature, overall dimensions, 6 mm thick each, which are glued with a polyvilbutyral film with a thickness of two layers gluing 1.5 mm. Apply aluminum 5 coating 5.5 mm wide, 0.055 mm thick and 1500 mm long. The copper coating 6 has a width of 5.5 mm, a thickness of 0.085 mm and a length of 1500 mm. The remaining elements perform the same way and in the same relationship as in example 1.

Example 3. It is necessary to obtain a flat large-sized electric heated glassware of the "pentaplex" type with dimensions of 1065 × 690 × 21 mm.

Three glasses 1 are used with the given sizes, 6 mm thick each, which are glued with a polyvinyl butyral film with a thickness of each adhesive 2 layers of 1.5 mm each. Apply aluminum 5 coating with a width of 4.5 mm, a thickness of 0.05 mm and a length of 960 mm. The copper coating 6 has a width of 5 mm, a thickness of 0.08 mm and a length of 960 mm. The remaining elements of the electric glassware perform the same way and in the same relationship as in example 1.

Obtained in examples 1-3, electrically heated glassware was tested by controlling the temperature on their outer surface within 2-15 ° C in all specified ranges of changes in heat removal. The tests were carried out for 100 hours. There were no failures or deviations in the operational mode of heating in electrically heated glassware.

The implementation of the proposed electric heating glass products gives an increase in the degree of reliability during their operation, including large-sized flat and bent glass products.

Claims (1)

An electric heating glass product comprising at least two glasses connected by an adhesive layer, moreover, on the inner side of one of the glasses there is a conductive coating of tin dioxide and conductive copper bars in contact with the conductive coating located opposite one another in the glass regions and connected to electrically conductive conclusions, characterized in that the conductive shafts additionally contain an aluminum coating with a width of 4-5 mm, a thickness of 0.045-0.055 mm, in contact with the conductive coating Thieme, a coating of copper width of 5 ± 0,5 mm 0,075-0,085 mm thickness in contact with the aluminum coating.

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